不同森林郁闭度环境内空气负氧离子的时空变化及环境影响要素研究——以广州帽峰山为例

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.11.011

生态环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 2204-2212.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.11.011

不同森林郁闭度环境内空气负氧离子的时空变化及环境影响要素研究——以广州帽峰山为例

郑诗禹¹^,²(), 张绿水¹, 郭晓敏¹, 黄子峻³, 肖以华²^,^*()

1.江西农业大学林学院,江西南昌 330045
2.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州 510520
3.华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州 510642

收稿日期:2021-05-27 出版日期:2021-11-18 发布日期:2021-12-29
通讯作者: * 肖以华,男,副研究员,研究方向为城市化对森林生态、环境生态影响。E-mail: jxxiaoyihua@126.com
作者简介:郑诗禹（1996年生）,男,硕士研究生,研究方向为城市森林生态。E-mail: zsyhardworking@qq.com
基金资助:
中国林科院基本科研业务专项(CAFYBB2018ZA002);广州市林业与园林局“广州城市森林生态效益监测与分析研究”(2019-2022);广东珠江三角洲森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站(0144135)

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Negative Oxygen Ions in the Air and Environmental Influencing Factors in Forest Environment with Different Canopy Densities: A Case Study of Maofeng Mountain in Guangzhou

ZHENG Shiyu¹^,²(), ZHANG Lvshui¹, GUO Xiaomin¹, HUANG Zijun³, XIAO Yihua²^,^*()

1. College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
2. Research institute of tropical forest, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
3. College of Forestry and landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510976, China

Received:2021-05-27 Online:2021-11-18 Published:2021-12-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

空气负氧离子（Negative Air Ion,NAI）对人体有调节稳态,延缓衰老作用,是评价森林环境质量重要评价指标之一。通过连续观测帽峰山森林公园内不同森林郁闭度环境空气负氧离子浓度和环境要素,分析空气负氧离子浓度时空变化规律以及与环境要素之间的相互关系。结果表明：低郁闭度环境内NAI浓度日变化呈线性增长趋势,08:00离子浓度最低（998 ion∙cm^-3）,18:00离子浓度最高（1136 ion∙cm^-3）;中郁闭度环境内NAI离子浓度在12:00达到峰值（1251 ion∙cm^-3）,高郁闭度环境内NAI离子浓度在14:00点达到峰值,二者NAI浓度日变化呈单峰曲线。月均值尺度：各郁闭度环境内NAI浓度高值区在1、6—9月均有出现,最小值出现时间有所不同;环境要素中大气颗粒物与臭氧质量浓度高值区集中在旱季12—3月,全年浓度变化特征与NAI大致相反。森林各郁闭度环境中NAI离子浓度均值排序为：水体对照 (1482 ion∙cm^-3)>高郁闭度环境 (1438 ion∙cm^-3)>中郁闭度环境 (1204 ion∙cm^-3)>低郁闭度环境 (1056 ion∙cm^-3)>空旷地 (834 ion∙cm^-3)。森林中,高郁闭度环境内NAI与大气颗粒物呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）,中低郁闭度与空旷地内NAI与大气颗粒物相关性不显著,各郁闭环境内臭氧与NAI存在相关性,但程度和正负未能统一。以上结果可为帽峰山森林旅游、康养以及林区规划提供科学支撑。

关键词: 空气负氧离子, 帽峰山, 郁闭度, 时空分布特征, 环境因子

Abstract:

Negative Air Ion (NAI) can regulate the steady state and delay senility of human. It is one of the important evaluation indexes of forest environmental quality. Through continuous observation of the concentration of NAI and environmental elements in different forest canopy densities in Maofeng Mountain Forest Park, the spatial and temporal variations of the concentration of NAI and their relationships with environmental elements were analyzed. The results showed that the diurnal variation of NAI concentration in low canopy density increased linearly, with the lowest concentration (998 ion∙cm^-3) at 08:00 and the highest concentration (1136 ion∙cm^-3) at 18:00. NAI mass concentration in the medium and high canopy density environment peaked at 12:00 (1251 ion∙cm^-3) and 14:00 respectively. Their diurnal variations of NAI concentration presented a single peak curve. Monthly mean scale: High NAI concentration regions appeared in each canopy density environment from January, June to September, and the minimum occurrence time was different. The high value area of atmospheric particulate matter and ozone mass concentration of environmental factors is concentrated from December to March in the dry season. However, features of the annual mass concentration variation are roughly opposite to that of NAI. The mean NAI concentration in each canopy density environment is sorted as follows: Water body (1482 ion∙cm^-3)>high canopy density environment (1438 ion∙cm^-3)>middle canopy density environment (1204 ion∙cm^-3)>low canopy density environment (1056 ion∙cm^-3)>open field (834 ion∙cm^-3). In forests, NAI in high canopy density environment was negatively correlated with atmospheric particulate matter (P<0.01). The correlation is not significant between NAI in medium and low canopy density environment and open field and atmosphere particulate matter. Ozone is associated with NAI in all-scale canopy density environment, but the degree and positive and negative have failed to unify. The results above aims to provide scientific support for forest tourism, health and forest planning of Maofeng Mountain.

Key words: NAI, Maofeng Mountain, canopy density, features of spatial-temporal distribution, environmental factors

中图分类号:

郑诗禹, 张绿水, 郭晓敏, 黄子峻, 肖以华. 不同森林郁闭度环境内空气负氧离子的时空变化及环境影响要素研究——以广州帽峰山为例[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(11): 2204-2212.

ZHENG Shiyu, ZHANG Lvshui, GUO Xiaomin, HUANG Zijun, XIAO Yihua. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Negative Oxygen Ions in the Air and Environmental Influencing Factors in Forest Environment with Different Canopy Densities: A Case Study of Maofeng Mountain in Guangzhou[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2021, 30(11): 2204-2212.

图/表 6

表1 帽峰山观测样地信息表

Table 1 Information table of Maofeng Mountain sample plot

样点 Sampling Point	植被类型 Vegetational form	郁闭度 Canopy density	水体情况 Water
CK	空旷地 field	0	无 Without
S1	常绿阔叶混交林 Evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest	0.46±0.06	无 Without
S2	常绿阔叶混交林 Evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest	0.72±0.02	无 Without
S3	常绿阔叶混交林 Evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest	0.88±0.02	无 Without
S4	常绿阔叶混交林 Evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest	0.86±0.02	流动水体 Flow

图1 空气负氧离子离子浓度时间变化情况 CK：空旷地;S1：低郁闭度;S2：中郁闭度;S3：高郁闭度;S4：水体对照。下同数据为平均值±标准误,多重比较采用Duncan法,同一时段数据标准不同字母表示显著差异（P<0.05）

Fig. 1 Change of negative oxygen ion concentration CK: field; S1: Low canopy density; S2: Medium canopy density; S3: High canopy density; S4: Water The same below Data were Mean±Standard error, Duncan method was used for multiple comparisons, and different letters of data standards in the same period indicated significant differences (P<0.05)

图2 森林环境因子质量浓度日均值变化情况

Fig. 2 Change of concentration of forest environmental factors

图3 不同季节森林环境NAI离子浓度分布

Fig. 3 The NAI concentration of the whole year of dry and rainy season at observation point

表2 森林环境内NAI浓度与环境要素的相关性系数

Table 2 Correlation coefficient between NaI concentration and environmental factors in forest environment

观测点 Site	郁闭度 Canopy density	ε相关 ε relevant
		全年 Year				雨季 Rain season				旱季 Dry season
		TSP	PM₁₀	PM_2.5	O₃	TSP	PM₁₀	PM_2.5	O₃	TSP	PM₁₀	PM_2.5	O₃
CK	0	-0.224	-0.165	-0.38	0.087	0.504	0.346	0.236	-0.057	-0.1	-0.168	-0.236	0.346
S1	0.46	-0.014	-0.096	-0.333	-0.144	-0.446	-0.57^**	-0.468	-0.079	-0.264	-0.514	-0.2	-0.221
S2	0.72	-0.54^**	-0.43^**	-0.23	-0.214	-0.407	-0.364	-0.386	-0.021	-0.56^**	-0.54^**	-0.325	-0.55^*
S3	0.86	-0.51^**	-0.5^**	-0.53^**	-0.107	-0.479	-0.52^*	-0.586^*	0.321	-0.52^**	-0.5	-0.62^*	-0.404
S4	0.88	-0.55^**	-0.476^*	-0.68^**	-0.145	-0.512	-0.478^*	-0.486^*	-0.121	-0.51^*	-0.57	-0.39^*	-0.104

图4 各郁闭内气颗粒物与空气负氧离子间关系

Fig. 4 Relationship between atmospheric particles and NAI in each enclosure

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不同森林郁闭度环境内空气负氧离子的时空变化及环境影响要素研究——以广州帽峰山为例

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Negative Oxygen Ions in the Air and Environmental Influencing Factors in Forest Environment with Different Canopy Densities: A Case Study of Maofeng Mountain in Guangzhou

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