伴矿景天对重金属-多环芳烃复合污染土壤有机污染物消减及微生物的影响

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.12.011

生态环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 1931-1943.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.12.011

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇下一篇

伴矿景天对重金属-多环芳烃复合污染土壤有机污染物消减及微生物的影响

官国庆¹^,²(), 黄紫琳³, 江龙飞¹, 罗春玲¹^,^**()

1.中国科学院广州地球化学研究所/有机地球化学国家重点实验室，广东广州 510640
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.华南农业大学资源与环境学院，广东广州 510000

收稿日期:2024-04-12 出版日期:2024-12-18 发布日期:2024-12-31
通讯作者: **罗春玲。E-mail: clluo@gig.ac.cn
作者简介:官国庆（1998年生），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为烃类污染物的生物降解。E-mail: guanguoqing@gig.ac.cn
*具有同等贡献
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金国际（地区）合作与交流项目(32061133003)

Influence of Sedum plumbizincicola on the Reduction of Organic Contaminants and Microorganisms in Soil Contaminated with Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

GUAN Guoqing¹^,²(), HUANG Zilin³, JIANG Longfei¹, LUO Chunling¹^,^**()

1. State Key Laboratory of Geochemistry/Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
3. College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, P. R. China

Received:2024-04-12 Online:2024-12-18 Published:2024-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤重金属-有机物复合污染问题较为普遍，重金属超积累植物可通过吸收积累重金属至植株内，从而去除土壤中的重金属，但这类植物对复合污染土壤中有机污染物去除的影响尚不清楚，尤其是根际微生物在此过程中的作用机理仍然未知。基于此，探讨了镉-菲（Cadmium-Phenanthrene，Cd-PHE）复合污染土壤中，不同质量分数Cd处理下伴矿景天（Sedum plumbizincicola）对土壤中PHE生物消减的影响及其作用机理。对不同质量分数的土壤Cd影响下PHE的降解率、微生物群落组成、PHE潜在降解菌组成以及丰度进行分析，发现Cd会抑制PHE的降解，Cd添加量为10 mg∙kg⁻¹时种植伴矿景天与不种植处理PHE的降解率分别降低了25.6%和13.3%。而伴矿景天在土壤Cd质量分数较低时则能显著促进Cd-PHE复合污染土壤中PHE的降解，其平均降解率较未种植物处理高出6.77%。同时提高了根际土壤中PHE潜在降解菌的丰度，其平均丰度较未种植处理高出0.538%。进一步结合SIP识别到的功能微生物分析发现，Cd的存在可通过降低以Micrococcaceae为代表的不耐受或具有低Cd耐受性的功能微生物的丰度，影响这类微生物对PHE的降解过程，从而不利于土壤中PHE的降解。而伴矿景天则能缓解Cd对PHE潜在降解菌的毒害，并通过在根际显著富集Micrococcaceae和Ellin6067等植物促生菌，提高这类特定PHE潜在降解菌的丰度，进而提高根际土壤中PHE降解菌的总丰度，促进土壤中PHE的降解。此外，通过DNA-SIP技术，还探查到Ellin6067、KD3-93、Flavisolibacter和Adhaeribacter为具有PHE潜在降解功能的微生物。该研究有望为耐重金属植物或重金属超积累植物在重金属-多环芳烃复合污染土壤修复领域的应用提供理论指导。

关键词: 镉, 菲, 复合污染, 伴矿景天, 微生物群落, 稳定同位素探针

Abstract:

The widespread issue of soil co-contamination with heavy metals and organic compounds presents a significant challenge to environmental remediation. Metal-hyperaccumulating plants can remove heavy metals from soil by absorbing and accumulating them in their tissues. However, their effects on the removal of organic pollutants in co-polluted soils, particularly the role of rhizosphere microorganisms in this process, remain unclear This study investigated the influence and mechanism of Sedum plumbizincicola on the bioremediation of phenanthrene (PHE) in cadmium (Cd)-PHE co-contaminated soils under different Cd concentrations. Analysis of the PHE degradation rates, microbial community, and abundance of PHE-degrading bacteria at different Cd levels in the soil revealed that Cd inhibited PHE degradation. The PHE degradation rates in treatments with and without S. plumbizincicola were reduced by 25.6% and 13.3%, respectively, when a Cd concentration of 10 mg∙kg⁻¹ was added. However, S. plumbizincicola significantly promoted PHE degradation in Cd-PHE co-contaminated soil at lower Cd concentrations, and increased the abundance of potential PHE-degrading bacteria in the rhizosphere soil. The average degradation rate and abundance of potential degraders were 6.77% and 0.538%, respectively, which were higher than those in the unplanted treatment. Further analysis coupled with the potential functional microbes identified by stable isotope probing (SIP) indicated that Cd inhibited the activity of certain microorganisms, such as those represented by Micrococcaceae, which are intolerant or have low Cd tolerance, thereby hindering PHE degradation in the soil. Conversely, S. plumbizincicola alleviated the toxicity of Cd to potential PHE-degrading bacteria and enriched specific PHE-degrading bacteria, such as Micrococcaceae and Ellin6067, which are plant growth-promoting bacteria in the rhizosphere. This enrichment enhanced the total abundance of potential PHE-degrading bacteria and facilitated PHE degradation in soil. Additionally, Ellin6067, KD3-93, Flavisolibacter, and Adhaeribacter have been identified as potential PHE degraders using DNA-SIP. This study provides theoretical guidance for the application of metal-tolerant or- hyperaccumulating plants in the remediation of soils co-contaminated with heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Key words: cadmium, phenanthrene, co-contamination, Sedum plumbizincicola, microbial community, stable isotope probing

中图分类号:

P593
X53

官国庆, 黄紫琳, 江龙飞, 罗春玲. 伴矿景天对重金属-多环芳烃复合污染土壤有机污染物消减及微生物的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(12): 1931-1943.

GUAN Guoqing, HUANG Zilin, JIANG Longfei, LUO Chunling. Influence of Sedum plumbizincicola on the Reduction of Organic Contaminants and Microorganisms in Soil Contaminated with Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(12): 1931-1943.

图/表 12

参考文献 49

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指标	量值
有机质质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	14.2
全氮质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	0.740
全磷质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	0.750
全钾质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	3.75
碱解氮质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	70.6
有效磷质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	16.5
速效钾质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	337
pH	5.91
有机碳百分比/%	1.60
总镉质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	0.830
总铜质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	327
总铅质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	68.1
总锌质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	116
总铬质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	91.8
16种优控多环芳烃质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	2.28
菲质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	2.01
209种多氯联苯质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	0.600
砂粒百分比/%	35.4
粉粒百分比/%	59.6
黏粒百分比/%	5.00

指标	量值
有机质质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	14.2
全氮质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	0.740
全磷质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	0.750
全钾质量分数/(g∙kg^‒1)	3.75
碱解氮质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	70.6
有效磷质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	16.5
速效钾质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	337
pH	5.91
有机碳百分比/%	1.60
总镉质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	0.830
总铜质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	327
总铅质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	68.1
总锌质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	116
总铬质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	91.8
16种优控多环芳烃质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	2.28
菲质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	2.01
209种多氯联苯质量分数/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	0.600
砂粒百分比/%	35.4
粉粒百分比/%	59.6
黏粒百分比/%	5.00

处理组	w_(Cd)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(PHE)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	是否种植物
Rhizo-0	0	100	是
Rhizo-1	1	100	是
Rhizo-5	5	100	是
Rhizo-10	10	100	是
Bulk-0	0	100	否
Bulk-1	1	100	否
Bulk-5	5	100	否
Bulk-10	10	100	否

处理组	w_(Cd)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(PHE)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	是否种植物
Rhizo-0	0	100	是
Rhizo-1	1	100	是
Rhizo-5	5	100	是
Rhizo-10	10	100	是
Bulk-0	0	100	否
Bulk-1	1	100	否
Bulk-5	5	100	否
Bulk-10	10	100	否

Cd添加量/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	f
0	15.1±1.06b
1	29.8±2.82a
5	15.2±0.53b
10	18.6±0.66b

伴矿景天对重金属-多环芳烃复合污染土壤有机污染物消减及微生物的影响

Influence of Sedum plumbizincicola on the Reduction of Organic Contaminants and Microorganisms in Soil Contaminated with Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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ASV	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	处理
ASV_1	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Chitinophagales	Chitinophagaceae	Flavisolibacter	Bulk-5
ASV_2	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Chitinophagales	Chitinophagaceae	Flavisolibacter	Bulk-1
ASV_18	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	Comamonadaceae	Ramlibacter	Rhizo-10
ASV_56	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	Comamonadaceae		Bulk-10
ASV_69	Euryarchaeota	Methanobacteria	Methanobacteriales	Methanobacteriaceae	Methanobacterium	Bulk-10
ASV_80	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Cytophagales	Hymenobacteraceae	Adhaeribacter	Bulk-1, Bulk-5
ASV_155	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Blastocatellales	Blastocatellaceae		Bulk-10, Rhizo-5
ASV_168	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Chitinophagales	Chitinophagaceae		Rhizo-0
ASV_182	Chloroflexi	Ktedonobacteria	Ktedonobacterales	JG30-KF-AS9	JG30-KF-AS9	Rhizo-1
ASV_223	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micrococcales	Micrococcaceae		Rhizo-0
ASV_579	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Sphingobacteriales	KD3-93		Rhizo-10
ASV_913	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	Nitrosomonadaceae	Ellin6067	Rhizo-1
ASV_1170	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Propionibacteriales	Nocardioidaceae	Nocardioides	Rhizo-10

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