渭河浮游生物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.01.014

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 117-130.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.01.014

渭河浮游生物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

白海锋¹^,³(), 王怡睿²^,⁴, 宋进喜¹^,³^,⁴^,^*(), 孔飞鹤¹^,³, 张雪仙²^,⁴, 李琦¹^,³

1.西北大学城市与环境学院/陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,陕西西安 710127
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3.陕西省黄河研究院,陕西西安 710127
4.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所/黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2021-07-28 出版日期:2022-01-18 发布日期:2022-03-10
通讯作者: *E-mail: jinxisong@nwu.edu.cn
作者简介:白海锋（1977年生）,男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为河流生态学。E-mail: baihaifeng2002@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51679200);陕西省水利科技计划项目(2018slkj-12);中国科学院“百人计划”课题(A315021406)

Characteristics of Plankton Community Structure and Its Relation to Environmental Factors in Weihe River, China

BAI Haifeng¹^,³(), WANG Yirui²^,⁴, SONG Jinxi¹^,³^,⁴^,^*(), KONG Feihe¹^,³, ZHANG Xuexian²^,⁴, LI Qi¹^,³

1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Yellow River Institute of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
4. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Framing on the Loess Plateau/Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, P. R. China

Received:2021-07-28 Online:2022-01-18 Published:2022-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

渭河是黄河第一大支流,是黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展的重要研究区域。为了掌握渭河浮游生物组成结构及生态环境现状,于2018—2019年分两个季节在渭河开展4次水生态调查,研究分析了渭河浮游生物群落结构特征及其影响因子。调查结果显示,浮游植物有8门53种,以绿藻门和硅藻门为主,占比分别为43.4%、33.9%;浮游动物4类30种,以轮虫为主,占比为50.0%。渭河浮游生物优势种主要为梅尼小环藻（Cyclotella meneghiniana）、篦形短缝藻（Eunotia pectinalis）、小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）、球形砂壳虫（Difflugia globulosa）、舞跃无柄轮虫（Accomorpha saltans）。种类数均呈现下游>中游>上游,春季浮游植物平均密度（2.115×10⁶ cell∙L^-1）和平均生物量（0.432 mg∙L^-1）均高于秋季（1.630×10⁶ cell∙L^-1,0.352 mg∙L^-1）,秋季浮游动物平均密度（9.864 ind∙L^-1）和平均生物量（10.219 µg∙L^-1）均高于春季（4.984 ind∙L^-1,3.168 µg∙L^-1）。浮游生物Shannon-Weiner多样性指数（H′）、Pielou均匀度指数（J）和Margalef丰富度指数（d）均值分别为2.519、0.798、1.394。浮游生物多样性指数评价结果表明,渭河水质属于轻度污染,浮游生物群落结构趋于简单化。典范对应分析显示,海拔和水深是影响渭河浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子,海拔、溶解氧和pH是影响渭河浮游动物群落结构的主要环境因子。河道综合治理与水体污染控制在一定程度上改变了渭河水环境质量,从而影响了浮游生物群落结构演替。该研究可为渭河河道生态修复工作提供依据,具有一定的区域指导意义。

关键词: 渭河, 浮游生物, 群落结构, 典范对应分析, 水环境质量评价

Abstract:

As the largest branch of the Yellow River, the Weihe River is an important research area for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. In order to understand the composition and structure of plankton and the status of ecologic environment of the Weihe River, four water ecological surveys were conducted in autumn 2017 and spring 2018 to investigate the plankton community structure characteristics and determine their influencing factors. The results showed that 53 phytoplankton species belonged to 8 phyla, among which green alga (43.4%) and diatom (33.9%) species had higher richness. In addition, 30 zooplankton species belonged to 4 major categories, with the dominant rotifers accounting for 50.0%. The dominant species of plankton in the Weihe River were Cyclotella meneghiniana, Eunotia pectinalis, Chlorella vulgaris, Difflugia globulosa, and Accomorpha saltans. The composition of plankton species in different locations showed the following pattern: downstream > the midstream>the upstream. In the spring, the average density (2.115×10⁶ cell∙L^-1) and average biomass (0.432 mg∙L^-1) of phytoplankton were higher than those in the autumn (1.630×10⁶ cell∙L^-1, 0.352 mg∙L^-1). On the contrary, the average density (9.864 ind∙L^-1) and average biomass (10.219 µg∙L^-1) of zooplankton in the autumn were higher than those in the spring (4.984 ind∙L^-1, 3.168 µg∙L^-1). The average Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H′), the average Pielou evenness index (J) in the autumn, and the average Margalef richness index (d) of plankton were 2.519, 0.798, 1.394, respectively. Based on the plankton diversity index, the evaluation results showed that the water was slightly polluted and the plankton community structure tended to be simplified in the Weihe River. The canonical correspondence analysis results showed that the altitude (ALT) and water depth (WD) were the main environmental factors affecting the phytoplankton community structure, and the altitude (ALT), dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH were the main environmental factors affecting the zooplankton community structure in the Weihe River. To some extent, the quality of the water environment had been changed by the integrated river management and water pollution control. In addition, the variation of the water quality affected the succession of the plankton community structure. This study can provide a basis for and guide future ecological restoration of the Weihe River.

Key words: Weihe River, plankton, community structure, canonical correspondence analysis, evaluation of water quality

中图分类号:

Q178.1
X17

白海锋, 王怡睿, 宋进喜, 孔飞鹤, 张雪仙, 李琦. 渭河浮游生物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(1): 117-130.

BAI Haifeng, WANG Yirui, SONG Jinxi, KONG Feihe, ZHANG Xuexian, LI Qi. Characteristics of Plankton Community Structure and Its Relation to Environmental Factors in Weihe River, China[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(1): 117-130.

图/表 16

参考文献 57

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编号 No.	采样地点 Sampling sites	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	海拔 Altitude/m	水深 Water depth/m	类型 Type
W1	甘肃省渭源县五竹镇马家山	35.0045°N	104.0567°E	2512	0.13	山谷河道
W2	陇西县文峰镇安家门	34.8674°N	104.7227°E	1599	0.20	山谷河道
W3	武山县洛门镇石岭村	34.7476°N	104.9945°E	1399	0.45	山谷河道
W4	甘谷县许兴镇魏家庄	34.7532°N	105.3523°E	1250	0.43	山谷河道
W5	天水市中滩镇张白村	34.6750°N	105.6970°E	1127	0.45	平原河道
W6	天水市麦积区伯阳村	34.5513°N	106.0830°E	1023	0.44	城市河道
W7	陕西省宝鸡市坪头镇周川村	34.3974°N	106.8788°E	670	0.64	山谷河道
W8	宝鸡市陈仓区姜马村	34.2959°N	107.5756°E	498	1.19	城市河道
W9	眉县首善镇北兴村	34.3011°N	107.7481°E	470	0.71	平原河道
W10	武功县善集镇洪寨村	34.2192°N	108.2050°E	409	0.52	平原河道
W11	杨凌区五泉镇万家村	34.2321°N	108.5135°E	382	0.64	平原河道
W12	西安市秦汉新城梁村	34.4130°N	108.9407°E	354	0.56	城市河道
W13	西安市高陵区渭桥村	34.4677°N	109.1021°E	354	0.60	城市河道
W14	渭南市临渭区淹头村	34.5127°N	109.6000°E	330	0.76	平原河道
W15	潼关县秦东镇四枝村	34.6078°N	110.2750°E	325	4.04	平原河道
W16	潼关县秦东镇港口村	34.6142°N	110.2353°E	316	0.64	三角洲

编号 No.	采样地点 Sampling sites	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	海拔 Altitude/m	水深 Water depth/m	类型 Type
W1	甘肃省渭源县五竹镇马家山	35.0045°N	104.0567°E	2512	0.13	山谷河道
W2	陇西县文峰镇安家门	34.8674°N	104.7227°E	1599	0.20	山谷河道
W3	武山县洛门镇石岭村	34.7476°N	104.9945°E	1399	0.45	山谷河道
W4	甘谷县许兴镇魏家庄	34.7532°N	105.3523°E	1250	0.43	山谷河道
W5	天水市中滩镇张白村	34.6750°N	105.6970°E	1127	0.45	平原河道
W6	天水市麦积区伯阳村	34.5513°N	106.0830°E	1023	0.44	城市河道
W7	陕西省宝鸡市坪头镇周川村	34.3974°N	106.8788°E	670	0.64	山谷河道
W8	宝鸡市陈仓区姜马村	34.2959°N	107.5756°E	498	1.19	城市河道
W9	眉县首善镇北兴村	34.3011°N	107.7481°E	470	0.71	平原河道
W10	武功县善集镇洪寨村	34.2192°N	108.2050°E	409	0.52	平原河道
W11	杨凌区五泉镇万家村	34.2321°N	108.5135°E	382	0.64	平原河道
W12	西安市秦汉新城梁村	34.4130°N	108.9407°E	354	0.56	城市河道
W13	西安市高陵区渭桥村	34.4677°N	109.1021°E	354	0.60	城市河道
W14	渭南市临渭区淹头村	34.5127°N	109.6000°E	330	0.76	平原河道
W15	潼关县秦东镇四枝村	34.6078°N	110.2750°E	325	4.04	平原河道
W16	潼关县秦东镇港口村	34.6142°N	110.2353°E	316	0.64	三角洲

生物多样性指数 Biodiversity index			级别 Level	评价状态 Evaluation of state	水体污染程度 Degree of water pollution
H'>3	J>0.8	d>6	丰富	物种种类丰富,个体分布均匀	清洁
3≥H'>2	0.8≥J>0.5	6≥d>4	较丰富	物种丰富度较高,个体分布比较均匀	轻污染
2≥H'>1	0.5≥J>0.3	4≥d>1	一般	物种丰富度较低,个体分布比较均匀	中污染
1≥H'>0	0.3≥J>0.1	1≥d>0	贫乏	物种丰富度低,个体分布不均匀	重污染
H'=0	J<0.1	d=0	极贫乏	物种单一,多样性基本丧失	严重污染

生物多样性指数 Biodiversity index			级别 Level	评价状态 Evaluation of state	水体污染程度 Degree of water pollution
H'>3	J>0.8	d>6	丰富	物种种类丰富,个体分布均匀	清洁
3≥H'>2	0.8≥J>0.5	6≥d>4	较丰富	物种丰富度较高,个体分布比较均匀	轻污染
2≥H'>1	0.5≥J>0.3	4≥d>1	一般	物种丰富度较低,个体分布比较均匀	中污染
1≥H'>0	0.3≥J>0.1	1≥d>0	贫乏	物种丰富度低,个体分布不均匀	重污染
H'=0	J<0.1	d=0	极贫乏	物种单一,多样性基本丧失	严重污染

参数 Parameter	秋季 Autumn	春季 Spring	P	2012-2013
海拔 (ALT)/m	814.00±606.42	813.80±607.50	0.999	1071.65
水温 (WT)/℃	16.00±3.08	17.40±5.23	0.368	14.65
ρ_(DO)/(mg∙L^-1)	6.67±0.71	8.04±1.50	0.003	9.41
pH	8.09±0.41	8.48±0.28	0.004	7.34
流速(CV)/(m∙s^-1)	0.52±0.16	0.39±0.21	0.063	0.50
水深(WD)/ m	0.86±0.68	0.66±1.09	0.654	0.40
ρ_(TN)/(mg∙L^-1)	3.03±1.07	9.21±4.39	0.000	14.22
ρ_(TP)/(mg∙L^-1)	0.43±0.17	0.25±0.10	0.001	0.60
ρ_(NH4+-N)/(mg∙L^-1)	1.04±0.39	1.65±0.80	0.012	0.81
ρ_(CODMn)/(mg∙L^-1)	14.70±4.67	25.26±12.54	0.005	16.96

渭河浮游生物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

Characteristics of Plankton Community Structure and Its Relation to Environmental Factors in Weihe River, China

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浮游植物 Phytoplankton	34. 月牙藻 Selenastrum bibraianum	4. 似铃壳虫 Tintinnopsis sp.
一. 硅藻门 Bacillariophyta	35. 镰形纤维藻奇异变种 Ankistrodesmus falcatus var. mirabilis	5. 中华似铃壳虫 Tintinnopsis sinensis
1. 梅尼小环藻 Cyclotella meneghiniana	36. 四足十字藻 Crucigenia tetrapedia	6. 盘状匣壳虫 Centropyxis discoides
2. 近缘桥弯藻 Cymbella aequalis	37. 四角十字藻 Crucigenia quadrata	7. 小口钟虫 Vorticella microstoma
3. 卡里舟形藻 Navicula cari	38. 二叉四角藻 Tetraedron bifurcattum	8. 螺旋形扁壳虫 Lesquereusia spiralis
4. 简单舟形藻 Navicula simplex	39. 多突藻 Polyedriopsis spinulosa	9. 巢居法帽虫 Phryganella nidulus
5. 放射舟形藻 Navicula radiosa	40. 被刺藻 Fmanceia ovalis	10. 阔口游仆虫 Euplotes eurystomus
6. 线形舟形藻 Navicula graciloides	41. 三角四角藻小形变种 Tetraedron trigonum var. gracile	二. 轮虫 Rotifera
7. 瞳孔舟形藻Navicula pupula	42. 单刺四星藻 Tetrastrum hastiferum	11. 螺形龟甲轮虫 Keratella cochlearis
8. 缢缩异极藻头状变种 Gomphonema constrictum var.capitatum	43. 韦氏藻 Westella botryoides	12. 曲腿龟甲轮虫 Keratella valga
9. 尖针杆藻 Synedra acus	44. 短鼓藻 Cosmarium abbreviatum	13. 舞跃无柄轮虫 Ascomorpha saltans
10. 状针杆藻 Synedra ulna	45. 单角盘星藻 Pediastrum simplex	14. 前节晶囊轮虫 Asplanchna priodonta
11. 皮菱形藻 Nitzschia palea	三. 蓝藻门 Cyanophyta	15. 长肢多肢轮虫 Polyarthra dolichoptera
12. 线形菱形藻 Nitzschia linearis	46. 小席藻 Phormidium tenus	16. 刺簇多肢轮虫 Polyarthra trigla
13. 卵圆双壁藻 Diploneis ovalis	47. 微小色球藻 Chroococcus minutus	17. 污前翼轮虫 Proales sordida
14. 椭圆双壁藻 Diploneis elliptica	48. 小形色球藻 Chroococcus minor	18. 厚实椎轮虫 Notommata pachyura
15. 大羽纹藻 Pinnularia maior	49. 弯头尖头藻 Raphidiopsis curvata	19. 角突臂尾轮虫 Brachionus angularis
16. 双头辐节藻 Stauroneis anceps	50. 卷曲鱼腥藻 Anabaena circinalis	20. 壶状臂尾轮虫 Brachionus urceus
17. 篦形短缝藻 Eunotia pectinalis	51. 点状平裂藻 Merismopedia punctata	21. 萼花臂尾轮虫 Brachionus calyciflorus
18. 颗粒直链藻极狭变种 Melosira granulata var. angustissima	52. 微囊藻 Microcystis sp.	22. 月形腔轮虫 Lecane luna
19. 钝脆杆藻 Fragilaria capucina	四. 隐藻门 Cryptophyta	23. 长三肢轮虫 Filinia longiseta
20. 尖布纹藻 Gyrosigma acuminatum	53. 尖尾蓝隐藻 Chroomonas acuta	24. 跃进三肢轮虫 Filinia passa
二. 绿藻门 Chlorophyta	54. 卵形隐藻 Chroomonas ovata	25. 钩状狭甲轮虫 Colurella uncinata
21. 瓜哇栅藻 Scenedesmus javaensis	五. 裸藻门 Euglenophyta	26. 敞水胶鞘轮虫 Collotheca pelagica
22. 双对栅藻 Scenedesmus bijugatus	55. 尾裸藻 Euglena caudata	27. 纵长异尾轮虫 Trichocerca elongata
23. 二形栅藻 Scenedesmus dimorphus	六. 黄藻门 Xanthophyta	28. 截头鬼轮虫 Trichotria truncata
24. 被甲栅藻 Scenedesmus armatus	56. 棕色刺棘藻 Centritractus brunneus	三. 枝角类 Cladocera
25. 裂孔栅藻 Scenedesmus perforatus	七. 甲藻门 Pyrrophyta	29. 老年低额溞 Simocephalus vetulus
26. 斜生栅藻 Scenedesmus obliquus	57. 光薄甲藻 Glenodinium gymnodinium	30. 简弧象鼻溞 Bosmina coregoni
27. 小球藻 Chlorella vulgaris	八. 金藻门 Chrysophyta	31. 透明薄皮溞 Leptodora kindti
28. 狭形纤维藻 Ankistrodesmus angustus	58. 分歧锥囊藻 Dinobryon divergens	四. 桡足类 Copepoda
29. 针形纤维藻 Ankistrodesmus acicularis	浮游动物 Zooplankton	32. 锯齿真剑水蚤 Eucyclops macruroides denticulatus
30. 卷曲纤维藻 Ankistrodesmus convolutus	一. 原生动物 Protozoa	33. 毛饰拟剑水蚤 Paracyclops fimbriatus
31. 四刺顶棘藻 Chodatella quadriseta	1. 球形砂壳虫 Difflugia globulosa	34. 无节幼体 Nauplius
32. 弓形藻 Schroederia setigera	2. 长圆砂壳虫 Difflugia oblonga
33. 硬弓形藻 Schroederia robusta	3. 节盖虫 Opercularia articulata

	优势种及编号 Dominance& number			优势度 Dominance
	优势种及编号 Dominance& number			秋季 Autumn	春季 Spring	上游 Upstream	中游 Midstream	下游 Downstream
浮游植物 Phytoplankton	硅藻门Bacillariophyta	P1	梅尼小环藻 C. meneghiniana	0.087	0.106	0.037	0.165	0.106
		P2	肘状针杆藻 S. ulna	0.031				0.030
		P3	篦形短缝藻 E. pectinalis	0.026	0.022	0.068	0.028	0.020
	绿藻门Chlorophyta	P4	瓜哇栅藻 S. sjavaensis				0.020
		P5	二形栅藻 S. dimorphus				0.040	0.022
		P6	小球藻 C. vulgaris	0.026	0.075	0.086	0.095	0.068
		P7	狭形纤维藻 A. sangustus	0.056			0.024	0.034
		P8	卷曲纤维藻 A. sconvolutus				0.022
		P9	弓形藻 S. setigera			0.025
		P10	镰形纤维藻奇异变种 A. falcatus var.mirabilis				0.035
		P11	韦氏藻 W. botryoides					0.039
	蓝藻门 Cyanophyta	P12	小席藻 P. tenus		0.328	0.361	0.178	0.389
		P13	微小色球藻 C. minutus				0.020	0.027
		P14	小形色球藻 C. minor					0.044
	隐藻门 Cryptophyta	P15	尖尾蓝隐藻 C. acuta				0.023	0.028
浮游动物 Zooplankton	原生动物 Protozoa	Z1	球形砂壳虫 D. globulosa	0.035	0.091	0.098	0.177	0.040
		Z2	长圆砂壳虫 D. oblonga		0.032	0.048	0.048
		Z3	节盖虫 O. articulata		0.136	0.033		0.035
		Z4	小口钟虫 V. microstoma		0.065	0.082	0.045	0.058
	轮虫 Rotifer	Z5	螺形龟甲轮虫 K. cochlearis			0.020		0.029
		Z6	舞跃无柄轮虫 A. saltans	0.028	0.030		0.058	0.063
		Z7	前节晶囊轮虫 A. priodonta			0.042	0.026	0.031
		Z8	刺簇多肢轮虫 P. trigla	0.116				0.031
		Z9	污前翼轮虫 P. sordida				0.032	0.029
		Z10	萼花臂尾轮虫 B. calyciflorus		0.023		0.020
		Z11	长三肢轮虫 F. longiseta				0.026
	枝角类 Cladocera	Z12	简弧象鼻溞 B. coregoni	0.042			0.022	0.035
	桡足类 Copepoda	Z13	毛饰拟剑水蚤 P. fimbriatus	0.042				0.028

采样断面 Sampling sites		浮游植物 Phytoplankton			浮游动物 Zooplankton
采样断面 Sampling sites		H′	J	d	H′	J	d
上游 Upstrem	W1	0.628±0.363	0.224±0.114	0.315±0.098	2.362±0.321	0.711±0.064	1.119±0.076
	W2	1.731±0.622	0.616±0.086	0.201±0.126	0.754±0.047	0.376±0.025	0.345±0.112
	W3	2.395±0.814	0.854±0.104	0.554±0.016	2.322±0.088	1.000±0.214	5.396±1.023
	W4	2.292±0.461	0.817±0.097	0.533±0.134	2.505±0.774	0.968±0.536	1.856±0.887
	W5	2.063±0.672	0.798±0.101	0.530±0.076	2.697±0.564	0.851±0.516	1.413±0.541
	W6	2.432±0.516	0.866±0.077	0.615±0.087	2.256±0.551	0.873±0.465	1.040±0.516
	平均	1.923±0.626a	0.696±0.227a	0.508±0.093a	2.149±0.640a	0.797±0.210a	1.862±1.644a
中游 Midstream	W7	2.558±0.522	0.912±0.134	0.560±0.012	2.113±0.315	0.910±0.338	1.485±0.441
	W8	1.671±0.447	0.596±0.116	0.543±0.066	1.917±0.652	0.959±0.410	2.227±0.714
	W9	3.515±0.378	0.777±0.047	1.422±0.612	1.923±0.522	0.961±0.005	4.047±1.365
	W10	3.661±1.121	0.821±0.096	1.172±0.557	2.917±0.104	0.920±0.075	1.141±0.884
	W11	2.960±0.312	0.740±0.254	0.918±0.118	2.724±0.089	0.971±0.016	2.227±0.056
	平均	2.873±0.719ab	0.769±0.104a	0.923±0.342b	2.319±0.424ab	0.944±0.024a	2.225±1.004a
下游 Downstream	W12	3.953±0.286	0.852±0.058	1.410±0.223	3.335±0.241	0.902±0.041	2.016±0.771
	W13	3.172±0.621	0.675±0.086	1.310±0.142	2.834±0.116	0.820±0.524	1.643±0.456
	W14	2.817±0.334	0.652±0.079	1.119±0.086	2.947±0.516	0.983±0.665	2.599±0.635
	W15	2.106±0.287	0.465±0.114	0.891±0.143	3.030±0.086	0.956±0.025	1.737±0.247
	W16	3.043±0.668	0.848±0.123	0.728±0.088	2.973±0.667	0.860±0.017	1.494±0.065
	平均	3.018±0.595b	0.698±0.144a	1.092±0.254b	3.024±0.168c	0.904±0.060a	1.898±0.390a

指标 Index	浮游植物 Phytoplankton		浮游动物 Zooplankton
指标 Index	第1轴 Axis 1	第2轴 Axis 2	第1轴 Axis 1	第2轴 Axis 2
特征值 Eigen values	0.195	0.124	0.432	0.218
种类与环境因子相关性 Species-environmental factors correlations	0.878	0.916	0.948	0.949
物种数据累计比 Cumulative percentage variance of species data	23.4	38.2	28.6	43.1
种类与环境因子相关累计比 Cumulative percentage variance of Species-environmental factors relation	34.1	55.9	39.3	59.1

环境因子 Environmental factors		与排序轴相关系数 Correlations with canonical axes		前选所获得的因子 Forward selection of variables
环境因子 Environmental factors		第1轴 Axis 1	第2轴 Axis 2	P值 P-value	F值 F-ratio
浮游植物 Phytoplankton	海拔 ALT	0.6297	0.4512	0.005	2.74
浮游植物 Phytoplankton	水深 WD	-0.0762	-0.7207	0.047	2.21
浮游动物 Zooplankton	海拔 ALT	0.7344	0.1082	0.000	3.11
	溶解氧 DO	0.0678	-0.7761	0.041	1.65
	pH	-0.6109	-0.2461	0.032	1.87

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