生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 487-496.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.03.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同种植方式对连作土壤细菌群落结构和多样性的影响

宋秀丽1(), 黄瑞龙1, 柯彩杰1, 黄蔚1, 章武1,*(), 陶波2,*()   

  1. 1.岭南师范学院,广东 湛江 524048
    2.东北农业大学,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-11 出版日期:2022-03-18 发布日期:2022-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 陶波,教授,主要研究方向为植物保护。E-mail: botaol@163.com
    *章武,副研究员,主要研究方向植物绿色病害防治与保护。E-mail: ldzw1987@163.com;
  • 作者简介:宋秀丽(1984年生),女,讲师,博士,主要研究方向土壤资源与土壤生态。E-mail: songxiuli5251@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合基金项目(2019A1515110888);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300103);岭南师范学院科学研究项目(ZL2044)

Effects of Different Cropping Systems on Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity in Continuous Cropping Soil

SONG Xiuli1(), HUANG Ruilong1, KE Caijie1, HUANG Wei1, ZHANG Wu1,*(), TAO Bo2,*()   

  1. 1. Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, P, R. China
    2. Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P, R. China
  • Received:2021-10-11 Online:2022-03-18 Published:2022-05-25

摘要:

大豆连作对土壤微生物群落产生负面影响,轮作有利于土壤微生物群落多样性的形成,但关于不同轮作制度对连作土壤微生物群落结构和多样性的影响尚不明确。以东北黑土大豆连作土壤为研究对象,利用高通量测序技术,研究休耕(CK)、休耕-大豆(FS)、玉米-大豆(CS)、小麦-大豆(WS)和大豆连作(SC)5种种植方式对土壤细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明,主成分分析显示前4种种植方式土壤细菌群落结构显著不同于SC,CK和FS土壤细菌群落结构相似,CS和WS土壤细菌群落结构相似。5种种植方式在土壤细菌Chao1指数、ACE指数和Shannon指数上呈现显著差异(P<0.05),其中FS处理细菌Chao1指数、ACE指数和Shannon指数显著最高,SC处理最低。由OTUs韦恩图分析可知,CK处理特有的OTUs数量最多,FS次之,CS最少。与SC相比,有益菌属硝化螺旋菌(Nitrospira)、厌氧蝇菌(Anaerolinea)、固氮菌(Azotobacter)及甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina)相对丰度在FS土壤中显著增高,分别增加了0.47%、0.29%、0.37%和0.12%,芽孢杆菌(Bacills)相对丰度在WS中显著增高。不同种植方式的土壤化学性质呈现显著差异,并且土壤中有机质(OM)和有效磷(P)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)等化学性质与土壤细菌群落组成显著相关。综上,不同种植方式影响土壤细菌群落组成和多样性,不同种植方式下土壤化学性质的差异影响土壤细菌群落结构组成。该研究结果可为破除连作障碍,引导种植方式提供理论参考。

关键词: 种植方式, 微生物多样性, 细菌群落结构, 高通量测序, 土壤化学性质

Abstract:

Soybean continuous cropping harms soil microbial community. Rotation is conducive to the formation of soil microbial community diversity, but the impacts of different rotation systems on soil microbial community structure and diversity are not clear. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the effects of fallow (CK), fallow soybean rotation (FS), corn soybean rotation (CS), wheat soybean rotation (WS), and soybean continuous cropping (SC) on soil bacterial community diversity. The results of the principal component analysis showed that the soil bacterial community structure of the first four cropping systems was significantly different from that of soybean continuous cropping. The bacterial community structures of fallow and fallow soybean rotation were similar, and the same relationship was observed in corn soybean and wheat soybean rotation. The five cropping systems exhibited significant differences (P<0.05) in the values of soil bacterial Chao1 index, ACE index, and Shannon index. Fallow soybean treatment showed the highest values of bacterial Chao1 index, ACE index, and Shannon index, while continuous soybean treatment had the lowest values. The Venn diagram showed the largest number of unique OTUs under fallow treatment, followed by fallow soybean rotation, while corn soybean rotation had the smallest number. Beneficial soil bacteria, including Nitrospira, Anaerolinea, Azotobacter, and Methanosarcina, increased significantly with fallow soybean rotation. Compared to soybean continuous cropping, the relative abundance of the bacteria mentioned above increased by 0.47%, 0.29%, 0.37% and 0.12%, respectively. The relative abundance of Bacillus increased significantly in wheat soybean rotation. The chemical properties of soil under different cropping systems were significantly different. Furthermore, the chemical properties of organic matter (OM), available phosphorus (P), available copper (Cu), and available manganese (Mn) were significantly correlated with the composition of the soil bacterial community. In conclusion, different cropping systems affect the composition and diversity of soil bacterial community. Moreover, the differences in soil chemical properties under different cropping systems affect the composition of soil bacterial community structure. These results can provide a theoretical reference for the regulation of soil microecology.

Key words: cropping system, microbial diversity, bacterial community structure, high-throughput sequencing, soil chemical properties

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