渭河流域地表植被覆盖对气候变化的响应研究

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.05.002

生态环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 835-844.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.05.002

渭河流域地表植被覆盖对气候变化的响应研究

巫晨煜¹^,²(), 许帆帆¹^,², 魏士博¹^,², 樊晶晶¹^,²^,³^,^*(), 刘观鹏¹^,², 王坤³

1.河北工程大学水利水电学院，河北邯郸 056038
2.河北工程大学/河北省智慧水利重点实验室，河北邯郸 056038
3.中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所，北京 100048

收稿日期:2022-11-24 出版日期:2023-05-18 发布日期:2023-08-09
通讯作者: *樊晶晶（1986年生），副教授，博士，研究方向为水文学及水资源。E-mail: fanjingjing@hebeu.edu.cn
作者简介:巫晨煜（1998年生），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为水文学及水资源。E-mail: wwwuchenyu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52209013);河北省教育厅项目(ZD2022085);省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室开放课题(2019KFKT-4);国家自然科学基金项目(52009053)

Study on Response of Surface Vegetation Cover to Climate Change in Weihe River Basin

WU Chenyu¹^,²(), XU Fanfan¹^,², WEI Shibo¹^,², FAN Jingjing¹^,²^,³^,^*(), LIU Guanpeng¹^,², WANG Kun³

1. School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, P. R. China
2. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Resources of Hebei Province/Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, P. R. China
3. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin/China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, P. R. China

Received:2022-11-24 Online:2023-05-18 Published:2023-08-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气候变化通过改变植物生长环境，从而影响植物生长。了解植物与气候之间的内在关系，长期动态监测和评估植被覆盖情况至关重要，同时有利于深刻理解生态恢复机制。渭河流域地理位置特殊，生态环境脆弱，在其周围及黄河下游生态环境保护中有重要地位。为揭示植被时空变化格局以及对气候变化的响应，以渭河流域作为研究对象，采用差值法、线性回归斜率法及相关系数法分析2000-2019年渭河流域在不同气候分区下NDVI分布特征及NDVI与降水、气温的相关性和滞后性。研究结果显示：（1）2000-2019年，渭河流域NDVI呈波动上升的趋势，各分区NDVI增长率表现为半干旱区 (0.0538/10a)>半湿润区 (0.0443/10a)>干旱区 (0.0366/10a)；（2）2000-2009年、2009-2019年NDVI均表现为改善态势，但2009-2019年改善程度减缓，斜率从0.0727/10a降低为0.0351/10a，差值法改善区面积由98.20%降低到86.12%，线性回归斜率法改善区面积由87.69%减小到61.86%；（3）在季尺度、月尺度上，与降水相比，气温对渭河流域植被生长影响更为显著；（4）渭河流域及其各分区（除干旱区短期气温对NDVI的滞后效应）NDVI与降水、气温双向滞后效应在短期（1-3月）与长期（3-6月）同时存在。在不同气候分区下，NDVI与降水双向滞后效应表现出1-3月为正，3-6月为负的特征；NDVI对气温的滞后效应表现为1-3月为正，4-6月为负；气温对NDVI的滞后效应1-2月为正，3-4月为负。

关键词: 归一化植被指数（NDVI）, 渭河流域, 时空演变, 滞后性, 相关分析, 遥感

Abstract:

Climate change affects plant growth by altering its growing environment. Understanding the intrinsic relationship between plants and climate and long-term monitoring and assessments of vegetation cover are essential, as well as facilitate a deep understanding of ecological restoration mechanism. The Weihe River basin has a special geographical location and a fragile ecological environment. It plays an important role in the ecological environmental protection of its surroundings and the downstream of the Yellow River. To reveal the spatiotemporal change pattern of vegetation and its response to climate change, this paper takes the Weihe River basin as the research object and uses the difference, linear regression slope and correlation coefficient methods to analyze the NDVI distribution characteristics and the correlation and lag time between NDVI and precipitation and temperature in the Weihe River basin under different climate zones from 2000 to 2019. The results showed that (1) from 2000 to 2019, NDVI in the Weihe River basin showed a fluctuating upward trend. The NDVI growth rate of each zone showed the following order: semi-arid zone (0.0538/10 a)>semi-humid zone (0.0443/10 a)>arid zone (0.0366/10 a); (2) NDVI showed improvement from 2000 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2019. However, the improvement slowed down from 2009 to 2019, and the slope decreased from 0.0727/10 a to 0.0351/10 a. The area of improvement calculated by the difference method was reduced from 98.20% to 86.12%, and the area of improvement calculated by the linear regression slope method was reduced from 87.69% to 61.86%; (3) on the seasonal or monthly scale, temperature had a more significant effect on vegetation growth in the Weihe River basin compared to precipitation; (4) the bi-directional lagged effects between NDVI and climatic factors in the Weihe River basin and its zones existed both in the short term (1-3 months) and in the long term (3-6 months) (except for the lagged effect of temperature on NDVI in the arid zone in the short term). The bi-directional lagged effects of NDVI and precipitation under different climate zones were positive for 1-3 months and negative for 3-6 months. The lagged effect of NDVI on temperature showed positive for 1-3 months and negative for 4-6 months. The lagged effect of temperature on NDVI was positive for 1-2 months and negative for 3-4 months.

Key words: NDVI, Weihe River basin, spatial-temporal evolution, hysteresis, correlation analysis, remote sensing

中图分类号:

Q948.1
X173

巫晨煜, 许帆帆, 魏士博, 樊晶晶, 刘观鹏, 王坤. 渭河流域地表植被覆盖对气候变化的响应研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(5): 835-844.

WU Chenyu, XU Fanfan, WEI Shibo, FAN Jingjing, LIU Guanpeng, WANG Kun. Study on Response of Surface Vegetation Cover to Climate Change in Weihe River Basin[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(5): 835-844.

图/表 8

图1 渭河流域分区图

Figure 1 Division of Wei River Basin

图2 2000-2019年渭河流域及其分区NDVI线性变化趋势

Figure 2 Linear trend of NDVI in the Wei River Basin and its subregions from 2000 to 2019

图3 2000-2019年渭河流域NDVI均值空间分布及植被情况面积百分比（%）

Figure 3 Percentage of vegetation cover area and spatial distribution of NDVI mean values in each subzone of the Wei River basin from 2000 to 2019

图4 渭河流域2000-2009年（a）、2009-2019年（b）NDVI差值空间分布及植被变化情况面积所占百分比（%）

Figure 4 NDVI difference spatial distribution and Percentage of vegetation change area in Wei River Basin from 2000 to 2009 (a) and from 2009 to 2019 (b)

图5 渭河流域2000-2009年（a）、2009-2019年（b）NDVI线性回归斜率空间分布及植被动态变化面积所占百分比（%）

Figure 5 Spatial distribution of NDVI linear regression slope in Wei River Basin and Percentage of vegetation dynamic change area from 2000 to 2009 (a) and from 2009 to 2019 (b)

图6 渭河流域2000-2009年（a）、2009-2019年（b）NDVI变化趋势显著性

Figure 6 Significance of NDVI change trend in Wei River basin from 2000 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2019

表1 2000-2019年渭河流域NDVI与降水、气温偏相关系数

Table 1 Partial correlation coefficient between NDVI and precipitation and temperature at different scales in the Wei River basin, 2000-2019

分区	年尺度		季尺度		月尺度
分区	P	T	P	T	P	T
渭河流域	0.437	0.0858	0.503**	0.669**	0.415**	0.761**
干旱区	0.608**	-0.0869	0.572**	0.00208	0.564**	0.215**
半干旱区	0.548*	0.0376	0.609**	0.198	0.507**	0.527**
半湿润区	0.374	0.0831	0.436**	0.775**	0.350**	0.804**

图7 NDVI与降水、气温变化规律及滞后效应

Figure 7 NDVI and precipitation, temperature change rule and lag effect

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渭河流域地表植被覆盖对气候变化的响应研究

Study on Response of Surface Vegetation Cover to Climate Change in Weihe River Basin

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