基于叶片功能性状的贺兰山西坡植物生态策略分析

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.01.005

生态环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 45-53.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.01.005

基于叶片功能性状的贺兰山西坡植物生态策略分析

李佳婧¹(), 梁咏亮², 李静尧², 李小伟¹, 杨君珑¹^,^*()

1.宁夏大学林业与草业学院，宁夏银川 750021
2.宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区管理局，宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2023-08-15 出版日期:2024-01-18 发布日期:2024-03-19
通讯作者: *杨君珑。E-mail: yangjunlong-2002@163.com
作者简介:李佳婧（1999年生），女，硕士研究生，主要从事森林生态研究。E-mail: 1759449924@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31860122);贺兰山东麓珍稀濒危植物斑子麻黄保护生物学研究项目

Analysis of Plant Ecological Strategies Based on Leaf Functional Traits on the Western Slope of Helan Mountain

LI Jiajing¹(), LIANG Yongliang², LI Jingyao², LI Xiaowei¹, YANG Junlong¹^,^*()

1. College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
2. Ningxia Helan Mountains National Nature Reserve Management Bureau, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China

Received:2023-08-15 Online:2024-01-18 Published:2024-03-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物叶片功能性状能够反映其对不同环境的适应策略，对不同环境梯度产生适应性改变。以贺兰山西坡沿海拔分布的4种植被类型（荒漠草原、浅山灌丛、亚高山针叶林、亚高山灌丛草甸）优势植物为对象，在物种-群落水平，基于叶片功能特征CSR（竞争-耐胁迫-杂草型植物）生态策略模型，通过叶片比叶面积（SLA）、叶干物质含量（LDMC）、单位面积碳（LC）、氮（LN）、磷（LP）含量的比较，探究4种植被类型优势植物S-R（耐胁迫-杂草）轴的经济性状权衡策略及该区优势种的生态策略组成；并且研究环境因素对CSR生态策略的作用机理，确定能够影响植物CSR生态策略的主要环境因子。结果显示，1）在物种水平，贺兰山西坡46种优势植物生态策略可分为5类，其中R（杂草型）和SR（耐胁迫-杂草型）策略为主导策略，所占比例分别为52.1%和23.9%。2）在群落水平，贺兰山西坡30个样地生态策略划分为5类，主导策略为R（杂草型策略），占比39.2%。3）S策略与比叶面积显著性负相关关系；R策略与全磷、全碳、叶干物质含量显著性负相关关系，和比叶面积显著性正相关关系。4）海拔、年均温、年均降雨量、太阳辐射、水蒸气压对C策略有显著影响，随海拔上升C策略降低。土壤全磷与S策略正相关，与R策略负相关。该研究表明植物能够改变功能性状（如比叶面积、叶片碳、氮、磷含量），改变资源获得能力和物质分配，应对不同环境，从而形成不同的生态策略。

关键词: 贺兰山, 海拔梯度, 植物功能性状, 生态策略, 植被类型

Abstract:

Plant leaf functional traits can reflect their adaptive strategies to different environmental gradients, producing adaptive changes to different environmental gradients. In this study, the dominant plants of four planting cover types (desert steppe, shallow-mountain shrub, subalpine coniferous forest and subalpine shrub meadow) distributed along the western slope of Helan Mountain were selected as the object. At the species-community level, the ecological strategy model based on the leaf functional characteristics of CSR (Competitor-Stress tolerator- Ruderal) was established. We explored the economic character tradeoff strategy of the S-R axis of the dominant plant types and the ecological strategy composition of the dominant species by comparing the leaf specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), carbon (LC), nitrogen (LN) and phosphorus (LP) contents per unit area. In addition, we determined the main environmental factors, affecting the CSR ecological strategy of plants, through the mechanism investigation of environmental factors on CSR ecological strategy. The results showed that: 1) At the species level, forty-six dominant plant ecological strategies on the western slope of Helan Mountain could be divided into five categories, with R (weed type) and SR (tolerance-weed type) prevalent (52.1% and 23.9%, respectively). 2) At the community level, thirty plots were divided into 5 ecological strategies, and the dominant strategy was R (weed-based strategy), accounting for 39.2%. 3) There was a significant negative correlation between S strategy and specific leaf area; R strategy had significant negative correlations with total phosphorus, total carbon, and leaf dry matter content, and had significant positive correlation with specific leaf area. 4) Elevation ALT, annual mean temperature MAT, annual mean rainfall MAP, solar radiation SRAD and vapor pressure VAPR have significant effects on the C strategy, and the C strategy decreases with the increase of altitude. Soil TP was positively correlated with S strategy and negatively correlated with R strategy. This study shows that plants can change functional traits (such as specific leaf area, leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content), change resource availability and material allocation, and adapt to different environments, thus forming different ecological strategies.

Key words: Helan Mountain, elevation gradient, plant functional traits, ecological strategy, vegetation type

中图分类号:

Q948

李佳婧, 梁咏亮, 李静尧, 李小伟, 杨君珑. 基于叶片功能性状的贺兰山西坡植物生态策略分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(1): 45-53.

LI Jiajing, LIANG Yongliang, LI Jingyao, LI Xiaowei, YANG Junlong. Analysis of Plant Ecological Strategies Based on Leaf Functional Traits on the Western Slope of Helan Mountain[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(1): 45-53.

图/表 7

表1 不同植被类型样地基本概况表

Table 1 Different types of sample basic overview table

样地	海拔/m	经度	纬度	优势植物种
荒漠草原	1594.0‒2004.2	105°42′35″‒105°51′37″E	38°59′36″‒38°40′55″N	阿尔泰狗娃花 Aster altaicus、猪毛蒿 Artemisia scoparia、短花针茅 Stipa breviflora
浅山灌丛	1778.4‒2202.3	105°48′23″‒105°54′48″E	38°39′28″‒38°58′45″N	蒙古扁桃 Amygdalus mongolica、蒙古绣线菊 Spiraea salicifolia、紫丁香 Syringa oblata、荒漠锦鸡儿 Caragana roborovskyi、小叶金露梅 Potentilla parvifolia
亚高山针叶林	2366.3‒2576.8	105°50′17″‒105°56′30″E	38°39′14″‒38°57′47″N	青海云杉 Picea crassifolia,
亚高山灌丛草甸	2820.6‒2988.3	105°51′11″‒105°56′19″E	38°38′44″‒38°50′40″N	扁穗冰草 Agropyron cristatum、贝加尔针茅 Stipa Baicalensis、赖草 Leymus secalinus、高山柳Salix cupularis、西山委陵菜 Potentilla sischanensis

图1 物种尺度下植物生存对策

Figure 1 Plant survival strategies at the species scale

图2 群落尺度下植物生存对策

Figure 2 Plant survival strategies at the community scale

图3 不同植被类型的生态策略差异比较 4种植被类型：1：荒漠草原；2：浅山灌丛；3：亚高山针叶林；4：亚高山灌丛草甸不同小写字母表示不同植被类型间生态策略的显著性差异（P<0.05），反之，则无明显差异，下同

Figure 3 Comparison of survival strategies of different vegetation types

图4 不同生态策略的叶片性状比较

Figure 4 Comparison of leaf traits with different survival strategies

图5 植物不同生态策略的功能性状比较

Figure 5 Comparison of functional traits of plants with different survival strategies

图6 生态策略与环境因子的RDA分析

Figure 6 RDA analysis of survival strategy and environmental factors

参考文献 41

[1]	CERABOLINI B E L, PIERCE S, BRUSA G, et al., 2016. Why are many anthropogenic agroecosystems particularly species-rich[J]. Plant Biosystems-An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology, 150(3): 550-557. DOI URL
[2]	GARNIER E, LAURENT G, BELLMANN A, et al., 2001. Consistency of species ranking based on functional leaf traits[J]. The New Phytologist, 152(1): 69-83. DOI URL
[3]	GRIME J P, 1977. Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory[J]. The American Naturalist, 111(982): 1169-1194. DOI URL
[4]	GRIME J P, 2006. Trait convergence and trait divergence in herbaceous plant communities: mechanisms and consequences[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 17(2): 255-260. DOI URL
[5]	CACCIANIGA M, LUZZARO A, SIMON P, et al., 2006. The functional basis of a frimary succession resolved by CSR classification[J]. Oikos, 112(1): 10-20. DOI URL
[6]	NEGREIROS D, STRADIC S, FERNANDES G W, et al., 2014. CSR analysis of plant functional types in highly diverse tropical grasslands of harsh environments[J]. Plant Ecology, 215(4): 379-388. DOI URL
[7]	PETER B, 2014. The world-wide ‘fast-slow’ plant economics spectrum: A traits manifesto[J]. Journal of Ecology, 102(2): 275-301. DOI URL
[8]	PIERCE S, BRUSA G, VAGGE I, et al., 2013. Allocating CSR plant functional types: The use of leaf economics and size traits to classify woody and herbaceous vascular plants[J]. Functional Ecology, 27(4): 1002-1010. DOI URL
[9]	PIERCE S, DANIEL N, JENS K, et al., 2016. A global method for calculating plant CSR ecological strategies applied across biomes world-wide[J]. Functional Ecology, 31(2): 444-457. DOI URL
[10]	QUAN Q, TIAN D S, LUO Y Q, et al., 2019. Water scaling of ecosystem carbon cycle feedback to climate warming[J]. Science Advances, 5(8): 1131. DOI PMID
[11]	REICH P B, 2014. The world-wide ‘fast-slow’ plant economics spectrum: A traits manifesto[J]. The Journal of Ecology, 102(2): 275-301. DOI URL
[12]	RONGHUA L, ZHU S D, ZHOU G Y, et al., 2015. Are functional traits a good predictor of global change impacts on tree species abundance dynamics in a subtropical forest[J]. Ecology Letters, 18(11): 1181-1189. DOI URL
[13]	RUBÉN M, REICH P B, 2007. The scaling of leaf area and mass: The cost of light interception increases with leaf size[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 274(1622): 2019-2115. DOI URL
[14]	SIMON P, DANIEL N, JENS K, et al., 2017. A global method for calculating plant CSR ecological strategies applied across biomes world-wide[J]. Functional Ecology, 31(2): 444-457. DOI URL
[15]	WESTOBY M, 1998. A leaf-height-seed (LHS) plant ecology strategy scheme[J]. Plant and Soil, 199(2): 213-227. DOI URL
[16]	WILSON J B, ALESSANDRO C, SANDRA D, et al., 2009. Twentieth year of the “Journal of Vegetation Science”: The journal for all vegetation scientists[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 20(1): 1-2. DOI URL
[17]	鲍士旦, 2000. 土壤农化分析[M]. 第3版. 北京. 中国农业出版社.
	BAO S D, 2000. Soil agrochemical analysis[M]. The 3rd edition. Beijing: China Agricultural Press.
[18]	段永峰, 周青青, 杨君珑, 等, 2020. 贺兰山东麓不同植被类型叶片化学计量特征研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 40(1): 113-120.
	DUAN Y F, ZHOU Q Q, YANG J L, et al., 2020. Leaf stoichiometric characteristics of different vegetation types on the eastern slope of Helan Mountains[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 40(1): 113-120.
[19]	冯秋红, 史作民, 董莉莉, 2008. 植物功能性状对环境的响应及其应用[J]. 林业科学, 44(4): 125-131.
	FENG Q H, SHI Z M, DONG L L, 2008. Response of plant functional traits to environment and its applica[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 44(4): 125-131.
[20]	顾延生, 丁俊傑, 葛继稳, 2016. 贺兰山中段植被类型及其覆盖变化研究[J]. 华中师范大学学报, 50(4): 579-587.
	GU Y S, DING J J, GE J W, 2016. Study on vegetation types and cover changes in the middle part of Helan Mountain[J]. Journal of Central China Normal University, 50(4): 579-587.
[21]	姬腾岳, 文亚博, 陈琛, 等, 2023. 不同生长型园林植物叶片功能性状差异分析[J]. 现代园艺, 46(7): 13-15.
	JI T Y, WEN Y B, CHEN C, et al., 2022. Difference analysis of leaf functional traits of garden plants with different growth types[J]. Contemporary Horticulture, 46(7): 13-15.
[22]	金山, 2009. 宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区植物多样性及其保护研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学.
	JIN S, 2009. Study on plant diversity and its protection in Helan Mountain national nature reserve of Ningxia[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University.
[23]	李志刚, 汪泽鹏, 楼晓钦, 等, 2009. 宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区森林资源动态变化分析与评价[J]. 宁夏农林科技, 338(6): 71-73.
	LI Z G, WANG Z P, LOU X Q, et al., 2009. Analysis and evaluation of dynamic change of forest resources in Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve of Ningxia[J]. Ningxia Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology 338(6): 71-73.
[24]	梁存柱, 朱宗元, 王炜, 等, 2004. 贺兰山植物群落类型多样性及其空间分异[J]. 植物生态学报, 28(3): 361-368. DOI
	LIANG C Z, ZHU Z Y, WANG W, et al., 2004. Type diversity and spatial differentiation of plant communities in Helan Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 28(3): 361-368. DOI
[25]	林马震, 黄勇, 李洋, 等, 2023. 高寒草地植物生存策略地理分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 植物生态学报, 47(1): 41-50.
	LIN M Z, HUANG Y, LI Y, et al., 2023. Geographical distribution characteristics and influencing factors of plant survival strategies in alpine grassland[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 47(1): 41-50. DOI URL
[26]	刘宏伟, 2014. 两种不同生态系统中植物叶片功能性状及养分再吸收比较研究[D]. 重庆: 西南大学.
	LIU H W, 2014. Comparative study on leaf functional traits and Nutrient reuptake in two different ecosystems[D]. Chongqing: Southwest University.
[27]	刘志民, 赵晓英, 范世香, 2003. Grime的植物对策思想和生态学研究理念[J]. 地球科学进展, 18(4): 603-608. DOI
	LIU Z M, ZHAO X Y, FAN S X, 2003. Grime's plant countermeasure thought and ecological research concept[J]. Advances in earth science, 18(4): 603-608.
[28]	陆佳, 2022. 苍山木本植物叶经济谱的海拔格局研究[D]. 大理: 大理大学.
	LU J, 2022. Altitudinal pattern of leaf economic spectrum of woody plants in Cangshan Mountains[D]. Dali: Dali University.
[29]	孟婷婷, 倪健, 王国宏, 2007. 植物功能性状与环境和生态系统功能[J]. 植物生态学报, 31(1): 150-160. DOI
	MENG T T, NI J, WANG G H, 2007. Plant functional traits and environmental and ecosystem functions[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 31(1): 150-160. DOI URL
[30]	施宇, 温仲明, 龚时慧, 2011. 黄土丘陵区植物叶片与细根功能性状关系及其变化[J]. 生态学报, 31(22): 6805-6814.
	SHI Y, WEN Z M, GONG S H, 2011. Relationship and change of leaf and fine root functional characters in loess hilly area[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 31(22): 6805-6814.
[31]	石朔蓉, 齐梦娟, 王书韧, 等, 2022. 湘西青冈栎次生林林下主要木本植物的生态策略[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 42(3): 53-61.
	SHI S R, QI M Q, WANG S R, et al., 2022. Ecological strategies of the main woody plants in the understory of the secondary forest of Cyclobalachne oak in western Hunan[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 42(3): 53-61.
[32]	王雅芳, 李国旗, 石云, 等, 2023. 贺兰山低山区土壤种子库与地上植被关系分析[J]. 草地学报, 31(1): 166-172. DOI
	WANG Y F, LI G Q, SHI Y, et al., 2023. Analysis on the relationship between soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation in low mountain area of Helan Mountain[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 31(1): 166-172.
[33]	徐鹏程, 游章湉, 周嘉聪, 等, 2019. 格氏栲自然保护区22种常见木本植物的生态策略[J]. 亚热带资源与环境学报, 14(4): 23-29.
	XV P C, YOU Z T, ZHOU J C, et al., 2019. Ecological strategies of 22 common woody plants in Castanopsis kawakamii nature reserve[J]. Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment, 14(4): 23-29.
[34]	杨虎, 王佩瑶, 李小伟, 等, 2022. 贺兰山东坡不同植被类型的土壤真菌多样性及其群落结构[J]. 生态环境学报, 31(2): 239-247. DOI
	YANG H, WANG P Y, LI X W, et al., 2022. Distribution of soil fungal diversity and community structure in different vegetation types on the eastern slopes of Helan Mountains[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 31(2): 239-247.
[35]	杨虎, 2022. 宁夏贺兰山不同植被类型的土壤微生物特征研究[D]. 银川: 宁夏大学.
	YANG H, 2022. Soil microbial characteristics of different vegetation types in Helan Mountain of Ningxia[D]. Yinchuan: Ningxia University.
[36]	姚忠, 吴永明, 游海林, 等, 2022. 竞争-耐胁迫-杂草型植物对策理论及其应用研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 42(1): 24-36.
	YAO Z, WU Y M, YOU H L, et al., 2022. Advances in the theory and application of strategies for CSR weed plants[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 42(1): 24-36. DOI URL
[37]	要振宇, 汪泽鹏, 杨柳, 等, 2018. 宁夏被子植物新记录[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 32(4): 85-88.
	YAO Z Y, WANG Z P, YANG L, et al., 2018. New records of angiosperms in Ningxia[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 32(4): 85-88.
[38]	易俊杰, 2021. 秦岭太白山攀援植物的生长策略研究[D]. 西安: 西北大学.
	YI J J, 2021. Study on growth strategies of climbing plants in Taibai Mountain of Qinling Mountains[D]. Xi’an: Northwest University.
[39]	张月强, 2014. 探究泰山木本植物功能性状间的关系及对环境因子的响应[D]. 济南: 山东大学.
	ZHANG Y Q, 2014. To explore the relationship between functional traits a)and responses to environmental factors of woody plants in Taishan[D]. Ji’nan: ShandongUniversity.
[40]	赵朋波, 邱开阳, 谢应忠, 等, 2022. 海拔梯度对贺兰山岩羊主要活动区植物群落特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 31(6): 79-90. DOI
	ZHAO P B, QIU K Y, XIW Y Z, et al., 2022. Effects of altitude gradient on plant community characteristics in the main active area of rock sheep in Helan Mountain[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 31(6): 79-90.
[41]	周大猷, 2021. 山东泥质海岸湿地常见植物的功能性状及其生态策略分析[D]. 济南: 山东大学.
	ZHOU D Y, 2021. Analysis of functional traits and ecological strategies of common plants in Shandong muddy coastal wetlands[D]. Ji’nan: Shandong University.

基于叶片功能性状的贺兰山西坡植物生态策略分析

Analysis of Plant Ecological Strategies Based on Leaf Functional Traits on the Western Slope of Helan Mountain

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 41

相关文章 13

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	房园, 梁中, 张毓涛, 师庆东, 孙雪娇, 李吉玫, 李翔, 董振涛. 天山云杉森林生态系统的水源涵养能力海拔梯度变化特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(9): 1574-1584.
[2]	侯晖, 颜培轩, 谢沁宓, 赵宏亮, 庞丹波, 陈林, 李学斌, 胡杨, 梁咏亮, 倪细炉. 贺兰山蒙古扁桃灌丛根际土壤AM真菌群落多样性特征研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(5): 857-865.
[3]	秦浩, 李蒙爱, 高劲, 陈凯龙, 张殷波, 张峰. 芦芽山不同海拔灌丛土壤细菌群落组成和多样性研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(3): 459-468.
[4]	杜娇艳, 蔡国俊, 张红玉, 李安定. 贵州喀斯特地区植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征对气候环境和土壤养分的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(12): 2154-2165.
[5]	张立进, 杜虎, 曾馥平, 黄国勤, 宋敏, 宋同清. 喀斯特峰丛洼地植被恢复过程中生产力与多样性关系探讨[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(1): 26-35.
[6]	马辉英, 李昕竹, 马鑫钰, 贡璐. 新疆天山北麓中段不同植被类型下土壤有机碳组分特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(6): 1124-1131.
[7]	杨虎, 王佩瑶, 李小伟, 王继飞, 杨君珑. 贺兰山东坡不同植被类型的土壤真菌多样性及其群落结构[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(2): 239-247.
[8]	王小娜, 徐当会, 王谢军, 方向文. 祁连山灌丛群落结构特征随海拔梯度和经度的变化[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(2): 231-238.
[9]	蔡锡安, 黄娟, 吴彤, 刘菊秀, 蒋芬, 王森浩. 植物叶片排放甲烷的初步研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(9): 1842-1847.
[10]	孙雪娇, 李吉玫, 张毓涛, 李翔, 芦建江, 佘飞. 天山北坡山地森林林地产流产沙特征及其影响因素分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(9): 1821-1830.
[11]	闫东锋, 张妍妍, 吕康婷, 周梦丽, 王婷, 赵宁. 太行山南麓不同海拔梯度天然林优势树种生态位特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(8): 1571-1580.
[12]	何斌, 李青, 陈群利, 李望军, 游萍. 黔西北黄杉群落物种多样性的海拔梯度格局[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(6): 1111-1120.
[13]	张莎莎, 李爱琴, 王会荣, 王晶晶, 徐小牛. 不同海拔杉木人工林土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2020, 29(1): 97-104.