不同海拔杉木人工林土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.01.011

生态环境学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 97-104.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.01.011

不同海拔杉木人工林土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征

张莎莎(), 李爱琴, 王会荣, 王晶晶, 徐小牛^*()

安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,安徽合肥 230036

收稿日期:2019-05-20 出版日期:2020-01-18 发布日期:2020-03-09
通讯作者: * E-mail: xnxu2007@ahau.edu.cn
作者简介:张莎莎（1994年生）,女,硕士,主要从事森林生态学研究。E-mail: 247499746@qq.com
基金资助:
国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600304-03);国家自然科学基金项目(31370626)

Ecological Stoichiometry of Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantation Across An Elevation Gradient

ZHANG Shasha(), LI Aiqin, WANG Huirong, WANG Jingjing, XU Xiaoniu^*()

School of Forestry & Landscape of Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China

Received:2019-05-20 Online:2020-01-18 Published:2020-03-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究不同海拔梯度上杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）人工林土壤化学计量特征,阐明其对海拔的响应规律,从而有效指导杉木人工林的生产。在安徽省金寨县天马国家自然保护区选取了4个海拔梯度（750、850、1000、1150 m）,测定杉木人工林土壤有机碳（SOC）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）含量,并分析化学计量特征。研究结果表明：土壤0—10 cm有机碳、全氮、全磷质量分数为42.15、2.51、0.92 g∙kg^-1,均高于我国平均土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷质量分数;土壤C/N比为17.01,高于全国土壤平均值,土壤C/P比为43.59,N/P比为2.63,两者均低于全国平均水平。随着海拔升高不同土层土壤有机碳、全氮均呈先降低后增加的趋势,而土壤全磷呈现先升高后减低的趋势;随海拔增加不同土层土壤碳氮比呈先升高后降低的趋势,碳磷比和氮磷比呈现先降低后升高的趋势;随着土壤深度的增加,不同海拔土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、碳磷比和氮磷比均呈降低趋势,而土壤碳氮比在不同海拔间变化趋势不一致;土壤有机碳和全氮呈极显著正相关,有机碳和全磷、全氮和全磷显著负相关;土壤碳氮比、碳磷比和氮磷比与海拔不相关,与土壤pH、含水率、容重显著相关。

关键词: 海拔梯度, 杉木人工林, 土壤养分, 生态化学计量

Abstract:

In order to reveal the elevation patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and their stoichiometric characteristics of different soil depths in mature Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations, an elevation gradient (750, 850, 1000, 1150 m a.s.l.) was designed in Tianma National Nature Reserve, Anhui Province. At each site, three replicate plots were set up and soil samples from different depths were collected for analysis of SOC, TN and TP. The results showed that SOC and TN at different soil depths initially decreased and then increased along the elevation gradient, while TP increased initially and then decreased. In each soil layer, the C/N ratios increased firstly and then decreased, the ratios of C/P and N/P decreased first and then increased with the increase of elevation. At each site, SOC, TN, TP, and ratios of C/P and N/P decreased with oil depth, while soil C/N ratio appeared no significant change. There was a positive significant correlation between SOC and TN. However, SOC and TP, TN and TP were negatively correlated. The changes of C/N, C/P and N/P ratios were irrelevant to elevation, while were significantly correlated to soil pH, water content and soil bulk density.

Key words: Elevation gradient, Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, soil nutrient, ecological stoichiometry

中图分类号:

S718.5
X17

张莎莎, 李爱琴, 王会荣, 王晶晶, 徐小牛. 不同海拔杉木人工林土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2020, 29(1): 97-104.

ZHANG Shasha, LI Aiqin, WANG Huirong, WANG Jingjing, XU Xiaoniu. Ecological Stoichiometry of Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantation Across An Elevation Gradient[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2020, 29(1): 97-104.

图/表 7

表1 样地基本情况

Table 1 Basic situation of sample plots

	林龄 Age of stand (26‒35 a)			土层 Soil layer (0‒30 cm)
海拔梯度 Elevation gradient/ m	林分密度 Stand Density/ (DBH≥5 cm, stem∙hm^-2)	平均胸径 Average DBH/ cm	平均树高 Average height/ m	土壤 pH Soil pH	含水量 Soil moisture/ %	土壤容重(体积质量) Soil bulk density/ (g∙cm^-3)
750	1129±49	20.0±1.58	13.5±1.02	4.64±0.02	35.95±0.61	0.76±0.05
850	2216±145	17.6±0.63	12.5±0.87	5.07±0.06	17.28±2.63	0.92±0.12
1000	1584±129	17.5±0.94	12.1±0.24	4.80±0.04	32.16±1.06	0.91±0.09
1150	2150±58	17.7±2.03	11.6±0.66	4.70±0.03	42.45±4.03	0.88±0.05

表2 不同海拔杉木人工林土壤碳氮磷含量及其生态化学计量比

Table 2 Soil C, N, P content and their stoichiometry in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations

海拔梯度 Elevation gradient/m	ω(SOC)/(g·kg^-1)	ω(TN)/(g·kg^-1)	ω(TP)/(g·kg^-1)	ω(C)/ω(N	ω(C)/ω(P)	ω(N)/ω(P)
750	35.44±2.81	2.23±0.16	0.55±0.03	15.79±0.21	67.19±5.41	4.23±0.31
850	21.28±2.60	1.17±0.17	1.32±0.06	19.26±0.53	16.53±2.08	0.91±0.13
1000	28.96±2.14	1.73±0.14	0.96±0.34	16.99±0.34	31.95±3.02	1.90±0.18
1150	32.36±3.00	1.92±0.17	0.61±0.05	16.73±0.15	58.69±5.45	3.48±0.31
平均值	30.26	1.82	0.82	17.01	46.05	2.79

表3 不同海拔和土壤深度对土壤C、N、P含量及其化学质量比的影响

Table 3 ANOVA results for the effects of elevational gradient and soil depth on soil C, N, P content and their ecological stoichiometric ratios

因素 Factor	F (and P)
因素 Factor	ω(SOC)	ω(TN)	ω(TP)	ω(C)/ω(N)	ω(C)/ω(P)	ω(N)/ω(P)
土层 Soil depth	42.20(<0.01)	42.87(<0.01)	2.23(0.12)	2.99(<0.01)	9.28(<0.01)	8.93(<0.01)
海拔 Elevation gradient	7.91(<0.01)	12.34(<0.01)	53.54(<0.01)	23.79(0.55)	27.85(<0.01)	33.42(<0.01)
土层×海拔 Soil depth×Elevation gradient	0.39(0.89)	0.60(0.733)	0.035(1.00)	5.06(<0.01)	0.47(0.83)	0.55(0.77)

图1 不同海拔土壤的有机碳、全氮、全磷含量不同大写字母表示相同海拔不同土层在0.05水平上具有显著差异,不同小写字母表示相同土层不同海拔间在0.05水平上具有显著差异（P<0.05）

Fig. 1 Content of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil with different elevation gradient Different capital letters indicate significant differences between different soil layers at the same elevation (P<0.05), and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between the different soil layers at different altitudes (P<0.05), the same below

图2 不同海拔土壤生态化学计量特征

Fig. 2 Ratios of C/N, C/P, N/P in soil across different elevation gradient

图3 土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷含量及其化学计量比的相关性

Fig. 3 Correlations between soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and their stoichiometric ratios

图4 土壤化学计量特征与物理结构的关系

Fig. 4 Regression analysis of soil stoichiometry characteristic and physical structure

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不同海拔杉木人工林土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征

Ecological Stoichiometry of Soil Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantation Across An Elevation Gradient

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