西双版纳热带森林土壤有机碳积累-分配动态对蚂蚁筑巢活动的响应

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.01.004

生态环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 35-44.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.01.004

西双版纳热带森林土壤有机碳积累-分配动态对蚂蚁筑巢活动的响应

王郑钧(), 王邵军^*(), 肖博, 解玲玲, 郭志鹏, 张昆凤, 张路路, 樊宇翔, 郭晓飞, 罗双, 夏佳慧, 李瑞, 杨胜秋, 兰梦杰

西南林业大学生态与环境学院，云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2023-11-27 出版日期:2024-01-18 发布日期:2024-03-19
通讯作者: *王邵军。E-mail: shaojunwang2009@163.com
作者简介:王郑钧（1998年生），男，硕士研究生，主要从事森林土壤及温室气体等相关相关研究。E-mail: 18764305810@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32271722);国家自然科学基金项目(32060281);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2021Y235);云南省一流学科建设项目(云教发[2022]73号)

Response of Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation and Allocation Dynamics to Ant Nesting Activities in Xishuangbanna Tropical Forests

WANG Zhenjun(), WANG Shaojun^*(), XIAO Bo, XIE Lingling, GUO Zhipeng, ZHANG Kunfeng, ZHANG Lulu, FAN Yuxiang, GUO Xiaofei, LUO Shuang, XIA Jiahui, LI Rui, YANG Shengqiu, LAN Mengjie

College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P. R. China

Received:2023-11-27 Online:2024-01-18 Published:2024-03-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

蚂蚁筑巢能够通过影响土壤微生物及理化环境而直接或间接调控土壤有机碳各组分积累及分配动态。以西双版纳崖豆藤热带森林群落为研究样地，测定蚁巢和非巢地土壤碳库组分（总有机碳、易氧化有机碳、微生物生物量碳）含量及分配（易氧化有机碳/总有机碳、微生物生物量碳/总有机碳）的时空动态，分析蚂蚁筑巢引起热带森林土壤性质改变对有机碳组分积累与分配的影响特征。结果表明，1）蚂蚁筑巢显著促进土壤总有机碳及各组分含量的积累（P<0.01）。相较于非巢地，蚁巢土壤总有机碳、微生物生物量碳、易氧化有机碳含量分别提高了19.7%、35.4%和153.3%。2）蚂蚁筑巢显著影响土壤碳库各组分含量的时空变化（P<0.050）。其中，相较于非蚁巢，蚁巢土壤总有机碳、易氧化有机碳、微生物生物量碳含量季节变化的增幅分别为11.4%-30.1%、13.6%-72.3%、53.4%-212.2%；蚁巢土壤总有机碳、微生物生物量碳、易氧化有机碳含量沿土层降幅（43.1%-422.4%）显著高于非蚁巢（38.1%-111.4%）。3）蚁巢土壤微生物生物量碳（15.2%）和易氧化有机碳（36.9%）在总有机碳中分配均值均显著高于非巢地（7.5%-31.6%），蚁巢土壤微生物生物量碳分配沿土层降幅（63.1%）小于非蚁巢（75.2%），易氧化有机碳分配（277.2%）则大于非蚁巢（53.4%）。4）主成分分析表明，温湿度、pH、氨氮是调控蚁巢土壤有机碳组分积累的主要协同因子，温度和容重是蚁巢土壤有机碳组分分配的主控因子。蚂蚁筑巢主要通过改变土壤物理环境（微气候、酸碱性、通气性）和土壤氮库（铵氮）的状况，进而对土壤有机碳组分积累及组分分配产生重要影响。

关键词: 蚂蚁筑巢, 活性碳组分, 碳积累, 碳分配, 西双版纳, 热带森林

Abstract:

Ant nesting affects soil microbial and physicochemical environments and can directly and indirectly regulate the accumulation and regulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) components. The Mellettia leptobotrya community in tropical Xishuangbanna was selected to explore the effects of ant nesting on the accumulation of the SOC pool (i.e., total, easily oxidized, and microbial carbon) and component allocation (easily oxidized organic carbon/total organic carbon and microbial carbon/total organic carbon) in ant nests and reference soils. The effects of ant-induced alterations were examined in terms of the physicochemical properties of component accumulation and allocation of SOC. The results were as follows: 1) ant nesting promoted the accumulation of SOC components (P<0.01). In contrast to the reference soils, the concentrations of total, microbial, and easily oxidized organic carbon in the ant nests increased by 19.7%, 35.5%, and 153.3%, respectively. 2) Ant nesting significantly affected spatiotemporal changes in the soil carbon pool (P<0.050). In contrast to the reference soils, the increased extents of seasonal variations in total organic carbon, easily oxidized organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon in ant nests were 11.4%-30.1%, 13.6%-72.3%, and 53.4%-212.3%, respectively. Furthermore, these values decreased by 43.1%-422.4% from 0-5 cm to 10-15 cm soil layers in ant nests compared to the reference soils (38.1%-111.4%). 3) The ratios of microbial biomass carbon (15.2%) and easily oxidized organic carbon (36.9%) to total organic carbon were significantly higher in ant nests than in the reference soils (7.5%-31.6%). In the 0-5 cm to 10-15 cm soil layers, the decreased range of microbial biomass carbon (63.1%) was smaller in ant nests than in the reference soils (75.2%), whereas those of easily oxidized organic carbon (277.2%) were higher in ant nests than in reference soils (53.4%). 4) Principal component analysis showed that soil temperature, moisture, pH, and ammonium nitrogen were the main factors controlling soil total organic carbon accumulation, whereas soil temperature and bulk density were the main factors regulating soil active organic carbon allocation. Therefore, the results suggest that ant nesting can regulate soil organic carbon component accumulation and allocation primarily by changing the status of physical soil properties (microclimate, acid-alkalinity, and aeration) and soil nutrients (ammonium nitrogen) in tropical forests.

Key words: ant nesting, active carbon component, carbon accumulation, carbon allocation, Xishuangbanna, Tropical forests

中图分类号:

S154.1
X144

王郑钧, 王邵军, 肖博, 解玲玲, 郭志鹏, 张昆凤, 张路路, 樊宇翔, 郭晓飞, 罗双, 夏佳慧, 李瑞, 杨胜秋, 兰梦杰. 西双版纳热带森林土壤有机碳积累-分配动态对蚂蚁筑巢活动的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(1): 35-44.

WANG Zhenjun, WANG Shaojun, XIAO Bo, XIE Lingling, GUO Zhipeng, ZHANG Kunfeng, ZHANG Lulu, FAN Yuxiang, GUO Xiaofei, LUO Shuang, XIA Jiahui, LI Rui, YANG Shengqiu, LAN Mengjie. Response of Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation and Allocation Dynamics to Ant Nesting Activities in Xishuangbanna Tropical Forests[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(1): 35-44.

图/表 7

参考文献 46

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来源	df	w_(TOC)/ (g·kg⁻¹)	w_(EOC)/ (g·kg⁻¹)	w_(MBC)/ (g·kg⁻¹)	w_(MBC)/ w_(TOC)	w_(EOC)/ w_(TOC)
处理	2	32.32^{*** 1)}	8.79^{** 2)}	11.01^**	6.24^*	1.54^*
月份	4	70.70^***	21.82^***	4.72^**	1.24^*	8.03^***
土层	3	38.76^***	19.11^***	8.52^**	4.33^*	5.29^*
处理×月份	8	1.52	2.03	1.56	0.36	1.40
处理×土层	6	3.07^{* 3)}	4.30^**	6.43^***	1.79^*	5.35^***
月份×土层	12	6.31^***	2.58^*	1.18	0.22	1.95^*
处理×月份×土层	24	11.80^***	0.719	1.18	0.67	0.26

来源	df	w_(TOC)/ (g·kg⁻¹)	w_(EOC)/ (g·kg⁻¹)	w_(MBC)/ (g·kg⁻¹)	w_(MBC)/ w_(TOC)	w_(EOC)/ w_(TOC)
处理	2	32.32^{*** 1)}	8.79^{** 2)}	11.01^**	6.24^*	1.54^*
月份	4	70.70^***	21.82^***	4.72^**	1.24^*	8.03^***
土层	3	38.76^***	19.11^***	8.52^**	4.33^*	5.29^*
处理×月份	8	1.52	2.03	1.56	0.36	1.40
处理×土层	6	3.07^{* 3)}	4.30^**	6.43^***	1.79^*	5.35^***
月份×土层	12	6.31^***	2.58^*	1.18	0.22	1.95^*
处理×月份×土层	24	11.80^***	0.719	1.18	0.67	0.26

土壤类型	月份	pH	含水率/%	容重/(g·cm⁻³)	温度/℃	w_(TN)/(g·kg⁻¹)	w_(DON)/(mg·kg⁻¹)	w_(AN)/(mg·kg⁻¹)	w_(NN)/(mg·kg⁻¹)
蚁巢	3月	3.85±0.01Aa	14.2±0.7Ac	1.31±0.01Ab	20.10±0.05Ac	2.01±0.07Ab	106.15±4.69Bb	8.48±1.15Ab	2.72±0.12Ab
	6月	3.62±0.01Ab	31.8±0.8Ba	1.50±0.02Ba	24.94±0.14Aa	6.24±0.64Ba	297.68±28.59Ba	40.17±3.12Ba	10.32±0.85Ba
	9月	3.76±0.02Aab	27.8±0.8Bb	1.03±0.01Ac	24.10±0.06Aa	2.89±0.09Ab	155.67±11.53Aab	21.45±1.79Bb	5.50±0.62Bb
	12月	3.89±0.02Ba	21.4±0.2Bb	1.30±0.01Bb	21.11±0.13Bb	1.07±0.04Bb	126.87±13.28Bb	17.50±0.60Ab	1.83±0.09Ab
	F	5.909	12.753	18.346	57.905	6.887	5.767	6.392	5.971
	P	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.003	0.004	0.003
非蚁巢	3月	3.85±0.01Aa	12.0±0.1Ab	1.30±0.01Aa	19.85±0.06Ab	1.97±0.07Ab	69.07±6.51Aa	7.69±0.53Ab	2.70±0.18Ab
	6月	3.72±0.01Bb	27.0±0.3Aa	1.22±0.01Aa	24.95±0.03Aa	2.46±0.09Aab	127.48±8.00Aa	25.93±1.35Aa	6.30±0.18Aa
	9月	3.77±0.01Aab	22.9±0.2Aa	1.17±0.02Ab	24.12±0.02Aa	2.82±0.07Aa	97.40±5.70Aa	12.64±1.01Ab	1.84±0.06Ab
	12月	3.82±0.01Aab	15.7±0.8Ab	1.41±0.06Aa	20.52±0.24Ab	0.94±0.06Ac	65.18±4.98Aa	14.34±0.48Ab	1.68±0.14Ab
	F	5.767	16.391	7.138	31.229	9.390	6.241	6.289	15.614
	P	0.009	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.004	0.004	0.000

土壤类型	月份	pH	含水率/%	容重/(g·cm⁻³)	温度/℃	w_(TN)/(g·kg⁻¹)	w_(DON)/(mg·kg⁻¹)	w_(AN)/(mg·kg⁻¹)	w_(NN)/(mg·kg⁻¹)
蚁巢	3月	3.85±0.01Aa	14.2±0.7Ac	1.31±0.01Ab	20.10±0.05Ac	2.01±0.07Ab	106.15±4.69Bb	8.48±1.15Ab	2.72±0.12Ab
	6月	3.62±0.01Ab	31.8±0.8Ba	1.50±0.02Ba	24.94±0.14Aa	6.24±0.64Ba	297.68±28.59Ba	40.17±3.12Ba	10.32±0.85Ba
	9月	3.76±0.02Aab	27.8±0.8Bb	1.03±0.01Ac	24.10±0.06Aa	2.89±0.09Ab	155.67±11.53Aab	21.45±1.79Bb	5.50±0.62Bb
	12月	3.89±0.02Ba	21.4±0.2Bb	1.30±0.01Bb	21.11±0.13Bb	1.07±0.04Bb	126.87±13.28Bb	17.50±0.60Ab	1.83±0.09Ab
	F	5.909	12.753	18.346	57.905	6.887	5.767	6.392	5.971
	P	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.005	0.003	0.004	0.003
非蚁巢	3月	3.85±0.01Aa	12.0±0.1Ab	1.30±0.01Aa	19.85±0.06Ab	1.97±0.07Ab	69.07±6.51Aa	7.69±0.53Ab	2.70±0.18Ab
	6月	3.72±0.01Bb	27.0±0.3Aa	1.22±0.01Aa	24.95±0.03Aa	2.46±0.09Aab	127.48±8.00Aa	25.93±1.35Aa	6.30±0.18Aa
	9月	3.77±0.01Aab	22.9±0.2Aa	1.17±0.02Ab	24.12±0.02Aa	2.82±0.07Aa	97.40±5.70Aa	12.64±1.01Ab	1.84±0.06Ab
	12月	3.82±0.01Aab	15.7±0.8Ab	1.41±0.06Aa	20.52±0.24Ab	0.94±0.06Ac	65.18±4.98Aa	14.34±0.48Ab	1.68±0.14Ab
	F	5.767	16.391	7.138	31.229	9.390	6.241	6.289	15.614
	P	0.009	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.004	0.004	0.000

土壤类型	月份	pH	含水率/%	容重/(g·cm⁻³)	温度/℃	w_(TN)/(g·kg⁻¹)	w_(DON)/(mg·kg⁻¹)	w_(AN)/(mg·kg⁻¹)	w_(NN)/(mg·kg⁻¹)
蚁巢	0‒5 cm	3.82±0.02Aa	28.1±0.9Ba	1.22±0.02Aa	22.81±0.20Ba	5.22±0.45Ba	285.83±19.90Ba	30.45±2.51Ba	7.09±0.68Ba
	5‒10 cm	3.79±0.01Aa	21.3±0.6Ab	1.27±0.02Aa	22.24±0.18Aa	2.24±0.07Ab	150.77±4.23Bb	20.29±1.16Aa	5.52±0.40Ba
	10‒15 cm	3.73±0.01Aa	19.8±0.5Ab	1.34±0.02Aa	22.03±0.16Aa	1.70±0.06Bb	78.18±4.01Ab	14.96±0.66Aa	2.67±0.13Aa
	F	6.501	7.553	9.935	1.561	9.325	7.454	9.136	11.859
	P	0.05	0.004	0.03	0.225	0.02	0.004	0.04	0.001
非蚁巢	0‒5 cm	3.82±0.01Aa	21.7±0.9Aa	1.27±0.02Aa	23.47±0.31Aa	2.51±0.13Aa	118.92±9.23Aa	19.67±1.58Aa	4.03±0.31Aa
	5‒10 cm	3.78±0.02Aa	19.7±0.7Aa	1.29±0.02Aa	22.22±0.33Aa	2.02±0.08Aa	96.77±6.30Aab	14.19±1.22Aa	3.50±0.27Aa
	10‒15 cm	3.77±0.01Ba	16.8±1.1Aa	1.52±0.80Ba	22.01±0.32Aa	1.61±0.13Ba	53.66±4.18Ab	11.59±0.91Aa	1.86±0.23Aa
	F	8.452	6.693	9.893	0.200	13.965	9.077	8.745	7.132
	P	0.004	0.003	0.002	0.820	0.001	0.002	0.003	0.004

西双版纳热带森林土壤有机碳积累-分配动态对蚂蚁筑巢活动的响应

Response of Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation and Allocation Dynamics to Ant Nesting Activities in Xishuangbanna Tropical Forests

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