贵州喀斯特地区植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征对气候环境和土壤养分的响应

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.12.007

生态环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 2154-2165.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.12.007

贵州喀斯特地区植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征对气候环境和土壤养分的响应

杜娇艳¹^,²(), 蔡国俊³^,⁴, 张红玉¹^,^*(), 李安定²^,^*()

1.贵州师范大学生命科学学院，贵州贵阳 550025
2.贵州科学院贵州省生物研究所，贵州贵阳 550009
3.贵州科学院贵州省山地资源研究所，贵州贵阳 550001
4.湖南农业大学环境与生态学院，湖南长沙 410128

收稿日期:2023-05-12 出版日期:2023-12-18 发布日期:2024-02-05
通讯作者: 张红玉。E-mail: gznuzhhy@qq.com
*李安定。E-mail: anndynlee@126.com;
作者简介:杜娇艳（1998年生），女，硕士，主要研究方向为生态学。E-mail: 1591315262@qq.com
基金资助:
贵州省基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础[2018]1410);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般200);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2021]5624号);贵州科学院省级科研专项(黔科院科专合字[2022]03号)

Response of Plant Leaf C, N, P Stoichiometry Characteristics to Climatic Environment and Soil Nutrients in Karst Areas of Guizhou

DU Jiaoyan¹^,²(), CAI Guojun³^,⁴, ZHANG Hongyu¹^,^*(), LI Anding²^,^*()

1. College of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
2. Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, P. R. China
3. Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
4. College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, P. R. China

Received:2023-05-12 Online:2023-12-18 Published:2024-02-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究区域尺度上植物叶片C、N、P含量及其计量特征，对于了解植物对区域环境适应及其影响机制具有重要意义。为研究贵州喀斯特区域植物叶片C、N、P生态化学计量特征及其对区域环境的响应，通过搜集整理已发表的文献数据，分析了贵州喀斯特地区101个采样点的植物叶片的C、N、P的化学计量学特征，并研究了它们与气候、纬度、海拔、土壤养分等环境因子间关系，比较了不同生活型植物叶片化学计量特性的差异。结果表明，1）贵州喀斯特地区植物叶片C、N、P计量特征表现出不同的变异程度，其中，叶片C含量变异系数最小，属弱变异性；叶片N含量和N꞉P属中等变异性；而叶片P含量、C꞉N、C꞉P均属强变异性。2）基于生态化学计量特征表明，贵州喀斯特地区乔木、灌木和草本植物采取不同的生态适应策略应对变化的环境。3）区域尺度上，植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征受海拔、气候及土壤养分的共同影响，但植物叶片C、N含量受气候环境的影响更为显著，而叶片P含量可能受限于土壤TP含量。该研究认为，贵州喀斯特区域植被在长期进化过程中趋于发育一套适应异质性强、生态脆弱的叶片性状组合，表现为较高的C含量、C꞉N、C꞉P以及较低的N、P含量。

关键词: 喀斯特, 植物功能性状, 生活型, 生态化学计量学, 适应策略, 区域生态

Abstract:

The study of plant leaf C, N and P contents and their stoichiometric characteristics at the regional scale is significant for understanding plant adaptation to the regional environment and its influence mechanism. To investigate the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of C, N, and P in plant leaves and their response to the regional environment in the karst region of Guizhou, we analyzed the stoichiometric characteristics of C, N, and P in plant leaves from 101 sampling sites in Guizhou’s karst region. Data from published literature were collected and organized, and the relationship between these characteristics and environmental factors, such as climate, latitude, elevation, and soil nutrients was investigated. Furthermore, differences in leaf stoichiometric characteristics were compared among plants with different life-types. The results showed that 1) the leaf C, N, and P stoichiometric characteristics of plants in Guizhou’s karst region exhibited varying degrees of variability. The leaf C content had the smallest coefficient of variation and showed weak variability. The leaf N content and N꞉P ratio exhibited moderate variability, while leaf P content, C꞉N ratio, and C꞉P ratio showed strong variability. 2) The ecological stoichiometric characterization showed that trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants in Guizhou’s karst region adopted different ecological adaptation strategies in response to the changing environment. 3) At the regional scale, plant leaf C, N, and P stoichiometric characteristics were collectively influenced by altitude, climate, and soil nutrients, but plant leaf C and N contents were significantly affected by the climatic environment, whereas leaf P contents might be limited by soil TP contents. In this study, we concluded that vegetation in Guizhou’s karst region tends to develop a combination of leaf traits adapted to heterogeneity and ecological fragility during the long-term evolutionary process, characterized by higher C content, C꞉N ratio, C꞉P ratio, and lower N and P contents.

Key words: karst, plant functional traits, life form, ecological chemometrics, adaptation strategies, regional ecology

中图分类号:

Q948
X173

杜娇艳, 蔡国俊, 张红玉, 李安定. 贵州喀斯特地区植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征对气候环境和土壤养分的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(12): 2154-2165.

DU Jiaoyan, CAI Guojun, ZHANG Hongyu, LI Anding. Response of Plant Leaf C, N, P Stoichiometry Characteristics to Climatic Environment and Soil Nutrients in Karst Areas of Guizhou[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(12): 2154-2165.

图/表 6

图1 采样点分布示意图

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the distribution of sampling points

图2 叶片化学计量学的频率分布 n为样本量；AM为几何平均数；GM为算术平均数；SD为标准差；CV为变异系数；Min为最小值；Max为最大值；Skewness为偏度；Kurtosis为峰度；P（K-S）为K-S检验的P值

Figure 2 Frequency distribution of leaf stoichiometry

表1 土壤养分质量分数

Table 1 Soil nutrition content

指标	样本量	平均值	标准差	最大值	最小值
w_(SOC)/(mg∙g⁻¹)	402	47.7	23.18	209.16	1.65
w_(TN)/(mg∙g⁻¹）	402	3.62	3.01	26.60	0.14
w_(TP)/(mg∙g⁻¹)	402	0.69	0.39	3.39	0.03

表2 不同生活型植物叶片C、N、P含量及其计量比特征

Table 2 Characteristics of C, N and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios in leaves of plants of different life forms

生活型	w_(C)/(mg∙g⁻¹)	w_(N)/(mg∙g⁻¹)	w_(P)/(mg∙g⁻¹)	w_(C)꞉w_(N)	w_(C)꞉w_(P)	w_(N)꞉w_(P)
乔木	466.62±58.93a	16.03±4.76a	1.36±0.53b	36.28±34.57a	401.79±198.31a	13.45±5.99b
样本量n	196	196	196	196	196	196
灌木	450.6±60.85a	17.67±6.47a	1.44±0.89ab	34.15±44.15a	422.58±264.44a	15.62±7.80a
样本量n	157	157	157	157	157	157
草本	404.69±87.14b	17.31±6.05a	1.63±0.64a	27.55±14.05a	298.58±157.44b	11.66±4.58b
样本量n	49	49	49	49	49	49
F	18.677	3.868	2.879	0.852	5.872	8.431
Sig.	P<0.001	P=0.022	P=0.057	P=0.427	P=0.003	P<0.001

图3 叶片化学计量与环境因子之间的相关关系图中白色圆表示相关性不显著，圆面积越大，表示相关系数的绝对值越大；图的右上部分为相关系数，Pearson相关；***相关性在0.001水平达到显著，**相关性在0.01水平达到显著，*相关性在0.05水平达到显著；MAT：年均温度；MAP：年均降水量；Lat:纬度；Alt:海拔。下同

Figure 3 Correlation between leaf stoichiometry and environmental factors

图4 叶片化学计量与环境因子的拟合关系图

Figure 4 Plot of leaf stoichiometry fitted to environmental factors

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贵州喀斯特地区植物叶片C、N、P化学计量特征对气候环境和土壤养分的响应

Response of Plant Leaf C, N, P Stoichiometry Characteristics to Climatic Environment and Soil Nutrients in Karst Areas of Guizhou

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