藏东南折拉山不同林分类型土壤有机碳及其组分分布特征

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.10.001

生态环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 1495-1505.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.10.001

• 碳循环与碳减排专栏 • 下一篇

藏东南折拉山不同林分类型土壤有机碳及其组分分布特征

常博然^1,*(), 陈茹岚^1,*, 王彪¹, 蓝天², 邓琳², 薛会英³^,^**()

1.西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所/西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站/西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室，西藏林芝 860000
2.哈尔滨工业大学环境学院/城市与水资源国家重点实验室，黑龙江哈尔滨 150006
3.西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院，西藏林芝 860000

收稿日期:2024-07-16 出版日期:2024-10-18 发布日期:2024-11-15
通讯作者: **薛会英。E-mial: xhytibetan@xza.edu.cn
作者简介:常博然（1999年生），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为森林土壤资源化。E-mial: 1139844860@qq.com第一联系人：
*陈茹岚为共同第一作者
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52170030);哈尔滨工业大学青年科学家工作室;西藏自治区第三次土壤普查区级工作项目(603323027)

Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Component Distribution in Different Forest Stand Types on Mount Zola in Southeastern Tibet

CHANG Boran^1,*(), CHEN Rulan^1,*, WANG Biao¹, LAN Tian², DENG Lin², XUE Huiying³^,^**()

1. Research Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University/National Key Station of Field Scientific Observation & Experiment/Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau, Ministry of Education, Nyingchi 860000, P. R. China
2. Environment College, Harbin Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin 150006, P. R. China
3. College of Resources and Environment, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, P. R. China

Received:2024-07-16 Online:2024-10-18 Published:2024-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

了解藏东南折拉山森林土壤有机碳及其组分分布特征，对区域内森林可持续发展和管理保护具有重要意义。在研究区折拉山选取川滇高山栎（Quercus aquifolioides）、察隅冷杉（Abies chayuensis）、密枝圆柏（Juniperus convallium）、大果红杉（Larix potaninii）等4种森林，采集林下0－20、20－40 cm土壤样品，探究森林类型和不同深度土壤有机碳（SOC）、微生物量碳（MBC）、水溶解性土壤有机碳（WSOC）、土壤易氧化有机碳（ROC）、土壤颗粒有机碳（POC）、矿质结合态有机碳（MAOC）、稳定态有机碳（NOC）的分布情况，阐明SOC及其组分与土壤理化性质的相关性和主要影响因子。结果表明：4种森林类型土壤SOC及其组分（MBC除外）含量随土层深度的增加而减小，且不同土层间差异显著（p<0.05）；各层土壤中密枝圆柏的各项碳组分在不同森林类型间均为最高。0－40 cm土层，土壤ROC、NOC、POC含量均表现为：密枝圆柏林>察隅冷杉林>大果红杉林>川滇高山栎林。相关性分析表明：土壤SOC与ROC和NOC、ROC与POC呈极显著正相关（p<0.01）；WSOC与POC和ROC、NOC与POC呈极显著正相关（p<0.01）；土壤酸碱性（pH）与SOC、WSOC、ROC、POC呈极显著正相关（p<0.01）；土壤全钾（TK）与WSOC、POC和MOAC呈极显著负相关（p<0.01）。冗余分析表明：土壤硝态氮（NO₃⁻-N）、全氮（TN）、土壤含水率（SWC）、电导率（EC）是影响4种森林类型土壤SOC及其组分的主要影响因子。综上，折拉山4种森林类型间土壤SOC及其组分的含量存在差异性，且受到土层深度的影响呈现出表聚性；土壤SOC及其组分的含量受土壤理化指标影响较大，其他因子对其影响较小。

关键词: 土壤有机碳, 森林类型, 碳组分, 土层深度, 藏东南

Abstract:

Understanding the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its components in the forests of the Mt. ZheLa in southeastern Tibet is highly important for the sustainable development, management, and conservation of forests in the region. In the study area of the Mt. ZheLa, four forest types were selected: Quercus aquifolioides, Abies chayuensis, Juniperus convallium, and Larix potaninii. Soil samples were collected from depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm to investigate the distribution of SOC and its components, including microbial biomass carbon (MBC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), readily oxidizable organic carbon (ROC), particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), and non-oxidizable organic carbon (NOC), and to elucidate the correlations between SOC and its components with soil physicochemical properties and the main influencing factors. The results showed that the SOC content and its components (excluding MBC) in the soils of the four forest types decreased with increasing soil depth, with significant differences between the different soil layers (p < 0.05). Among the various forest types, Juniperus convallium had the highest content of all the carbon components in each soil layer. In the 0-40 cm soil layer, the ROC, NOC, and POC contents followed the order: Juniperus convallium forest > Abies chayuensis forest > Larix potaninii forest > Quercus aquifolioides forest. Correlation analysis showed that soil SOC was highly significantly and positively correlated with ROC and NOC, and ROC and POC (p < 0.01); WSOC was highly significantly and positively correlated with POC and ROC, and NOC with POC (p < 0.01); soil acidity and alkalinity (pH) were highly significantly and positively correlated with SOC, WSOC, ROC, and POC (p < 0.01); and total potassium (TK) was highly significantly negatively correlated with WSOC, POC, and MOAC (p < 0.01). Redundancy analysis indicated that soil nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N), total nitrogen (TN), soil water content (SWC), and electrical conductivity (EC) were the primary factors influencing SOC and its components across the four forest types. In summary, there were differences in SOC content and its components among the four forest types on Mt. ZheLa, with a tendency for accumulation in the surface soil layers as influenced by soil depth. The SOC content and its components were significantly affected by soil physicochemical properties, whereas the other factors had a lesser impact.

Key words: soil organic carbon, forest type, carbon fraction, soil depth, southeastern Tibet

中图分类号:

常博然, 陈茹岚, 王彪, 蓝天, 邓琳, 薛会英. 藏东南折拉山不同林分类型土壤有机碳及其组分分布特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(10): 1495-1505.

CHANG Boran, CHEN Rulan, WANG Biao, LAN Tian, DENG Lin, XUE Huiying. Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Component Distribution in Different Forest Stand Types on Mount Zola in Southeastern Tibet[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(10): 1495-1505.

图/表 6

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森林类型	川滇高山栎 Quercus aquifolioides	察隅冷杉 Abies chayuensis	密枝圆柏 Juniperus convallium	大果红杉 Larix potaninii
编号	GSL	LS	YB	HS
土壤质地	壤土	壤土	壤土	砂壤土
海拔/m	3351‒3405	3790‒3850	4073‒4165	4291‒4320
坡度/(°) 坡位	42‒48 中下	46‒50 中	26‒39 中下	35‒44 上
坡向/(°)	阳坡、半阳坡	阳坡、半阳坡	阳坡、半阳坡	阳坡、半阳坡
郁闭度	76‒78	60‒66	47‒59	36‒43
树高/m	12.8±1.6	24.9±2.9	15.2±1.3	19.5±2.7
胸径/cm 林下主要物种	65.2±5.2 1、2、3、4、5、6、7、 8、9、10、11、12、13、14	114.5±2.5 15、16、17、18、19、20、 21、22、23、9、14	49.6±3.8 24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、4、14、34、35、36	106.1±2.9 33、37、38、39、40、41

森林类型	川滇高山栎 Quercus aquifolioides	察隅冷杉 Abies chayuensis	密枝圆柏 Juniperus convallium	大果红杉 Larix potaninii
编号	GSL	LS	YB	HS
土壤质地	壤土	壤土	壤土	砂壤土
海拔/m	3351‒3405	3790‒3850	4073‒4165	4291‒4320
坡度/(°) 坡位	42‒48 中下	46‒50 中	26‒39 中下	35‒44 上
坡向/(°)	阳坡、半阳坡	阳坡、半阳坡	阳坡、半阳坡	阳坡、半阳坡
郁闭度	76‒78	60‒66	47‒59	36‒43
树高/m	12.8±1.6	24.9±2.9	15.2±1.3	19.5±2.7
胸径/cm 林下主要物种	65.2±5.2 1、2、3、4、5、6、7、 8、9、10、11、12、13、14	114.5±2.5 15、16、17、18、19、20、 21、22、23、9、14	49.6±3.8 24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、4、14、34、35、36	106.1±2.9 33、37、38、39、40、41

森林类型	土层/ cm	pH	含水率 SWC/%	电导率EC/ (μS∙cm⁻¹)	全钾质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	全磷质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	全氮质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	铵态氮质量分数/ (mg∙kg⁻¹)	硝态氮质量分数/ (mg∙kg⁻¹)	碳氮比 C/N	微生物熵 q_MB
川滇高山栎 (GSL)	0‒20 20‒40	5.25±0.03Ab 5.56±0.16Bb	9.36±0.59Ac 10.30±1.04Ab	14.31±0.69Ac 9.81±0.66Bc	16.41±0.49Ac 22.42±1.16Bb	0.77±0.14Ab 0.49±0.07Bb	2.51±0.31Ac 1.06±0.13Ba	11.08±1.81Ac 4.74±1.08Bc	2.07±0.36Ac 0.85±0.25Bc	15.63±2.93Ab 9.72±1.68Bb	32.57±7.66Aa 18.56±1.90Ba
察隅冷杉(LS)	0‒20 20‒40	5.29±0.2Ab 5.75±0.11Bb	12.73±0.98Ab 14.18±0.71Aa	32.90±1.89Ab 17.41±1.17Bb	20.29±0.86Ab 19.09±0.77Bc	0.79±0.1Ab 0.44±0.12Bc	2.25±0.09Ad 1.863±0.10Bb	19.47±2.36Ab 11.32±1.13Ba	2.16±0.31Ac 1.42±0.21Bb	20.69±3.26Aa 18.73±2.48Ba	28.86±3.31Aa 21.50±5.66Ba
密枝圆柏(YB)	0‒20 20‒40	6.71±0.15Aa 6.91±0.26Aa	16.76±0.21Aa 8.13±0.28Bc	56.84±1.51Aa 36.20±0.52Ba	14.91±0.49Ad 16.55±0.67Bd	1.17±0.06Aa 0.77±0.14Ba	5.61±0.22Aa 2.60±0.206Bc	67.02±6.08Aa 11.10±1.12Ba	5.61±0.41Aa 3.02±0.46Ba	14.74±0.70Abc 14.21±0.50Aab	16.07±1.36Ab 10.03±1.46Bb
大果红杉(HS)	0‒20 20‒40	4.82±0.21Ac 5.40±0.21Bb	9.49±0.59Ac 9.82±0.35Ab	12.29±0.39Ac 6.27±0.49Bd	31.74±0.92Aa 35.42±2.46Ba	0.50±0.07Ac 0.49±0.09Ad	3.21±0.14Ad 1.48±0.18Bd	7.29±0.68Ad 6.75±0.68Ab	2.61±0.40Ab 1.38±0.33Bb	11.82±1.21Ac 17.60±5.05Ba	14.16±0.30Ac 7.70±0.06Bb

森林类型	土层/ cm	pH	含水率 SWC/%	电导率EC/ (μS∙cm⁻¹)	全钾质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	全磷质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	全氮质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	铵态氮质量分数/ (mg∙kg⁻¹)	硝态氮质量分数/ (mg∙kg⁻¹)	碳氮比 C/N	微生物熵 q_MB
川滇高山栎 (GSL)	0‒20 20‒40	5.25±0.03Ab 5.56±0.16Bb	9.36±0.59Ac 10.30±1.04Ab	14.31±0.69Ac 9.81±0.66Bc	16.41±0.49Ac 22.42±1.16Bb	0.77±0.14Ab 0.49±0.07Bb	2.51±0.31Ac 1.06±0.13Ba	11.08±1.81Ac 4.74±1.08Bc	2.07±0.36Ac 0.85±0.25Bc	15.63±2.93Ab 9.72±1.68Bb	32.57±7.66Aa 18.56±1.90Ba
察隅冷杉(LS)	0‒20 20‒40	5.29±0.2Ab 5.75±0.11Bb	12.73±0.98Ab 14.18±0.71Aa	32.90±1.89Ab 17.41±1.17Bb	20.29±0.86Ab 19.09±0.77Bc	0.79±0.1Ab 0.44±0.12Bc	2.25±0.09Ad 1.863±0.10Bb	19.47±2.36Ab 11.32±1.13Ba	2.16±0.31Ac 1.42±0.21Bb	20.69±3.26Aa 18.73±2.48Ba	28.86±3.31Aa 21.50±5.66Ba
密枝圆柏(YB)	0‒20 20‒40	6.71±0.15Aa 6.91±0.26Aa	16.76±0.21Aa 8.13±0.28Bc	56.84±1.51Aa 36.20±0.52Ba	14.91±0.49Ad 16.55±0.67Bd	1.17±0.06Aa 0.77±0.14Ba	5.61±0.22Aa 2.60±0.206Bc	67.02±6.08Aa 11.10±1.12Ba	5.61±0.41Aa 3.02±0.46Ba	14.74±0.70Abc 14.21±0.50Aab	16.07±1.36Ab 10.03±1.46Bb
大果红杉(HS)	0‒20 20‒40	4.82±0.21Ac 5.40±0.21Bb	9.49±0.59Ac 9.82±0.35Ab	12.29±0.39Ac 6.27±0.49Bd	31.74±0.92Aa 35.42±2.46Ba	0.50±0.07Ac 0.49±0.09Ad	3.21±0.14Ad 1.48±0.18Bd	7.29±0.68Ad 6.75±0.68Ab	2.61±0.40Ab 1.38±0.33Bb	11.82±1.21Ac 17.60±5.05Ba	14.16±0.30Ac 7.70±0.06Bb

藏东南折拉山不同林分类型土壤有机碳及其组分分布特征

Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Component Distribution in Different Forest Stand Types on Mount Zola in Southeastern Tibet

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