针阔人工混交林及其纯林对土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度的影响

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.10.001

生态环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 1719-1731.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.10.001

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

针阔人工混交林及其纯林对土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度的影响

秦佳琪¹(), 肖指柔¹, 明安刚²^,³, 朱豪¹, 滕金倩¹, 梁泽丽¹, 陶怡²^,⁴, 覃林¹^,^*()

1.广西大学林学院/广西森林生态与保育重点实验室，广西南宁 530004
2.中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心，广西凭祥 532600
3.广西友谊关森林生态系统定位观测研究站，广西凭祥 532600
4.崇左凭祥友谊关森林生态系统广西野外科学观测站，广西凭祥 532600

收稿日期:2023-08-23 出版日期:2023-10-18 发布日期:2024-01-16
通讯作者: *覃林。E-mail: nilniq@gxu.edu.cn
*覃林。E-mail: nilniq@gxu.edu.cn
作者简介:秦佳琪（1998年生），女（壮族），硕士研究生，主要研究方向为森林生态学。E-mail: 18176721617@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31560109);国家自然科学基金项目(32071764);广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA297208)

Effect of Monoculture and Mixed Plantation with Coniferous and Broadleaved Tree Species on Soil Microbial Carbon Cycle Functional Gene Abundance

QIN Jiaqi¹(), XIAO Zhirou¹, MING Angang²^,³, ZHU Hao¹, TENG Jinqian¹, LIANG Zeli¹, TAO Yi²^,⁴, QIN Lin¹^,^*()

1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation/College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
2. Experiment Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Pingxiang 532600, P. R. China
3. Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang 532600, P. R. China
4. Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Pingxiang 532600, P. R. China

Received:2023-08-23 Online:2023-10-18 Published:2024-01-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度对深刻理解土壤碳循环机制具有重要作用，然而土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度对不同人工林类型的响应特征尚不清楚。以南亚热带马尾松 (Pinus massoniana)-格木（Erythrophleum fordii）人工混交林及其纯林为研究对象，基于林地不同土层（0－20、20－40、40－60 cm）土壤样品的宏基因组测序数据以及土壤理化性质和有机碳组分，解析不同林分不同土层间土壤微生物碳循环（碳固定、碳降解和甲烷代谢）功能基因丰度的差异特征及其主导的土壤环境因子。结果表明：马尾松林土壤微生物碳固定功能基因（rcbL、MUT和PCCA）丰度显著高于其他2个林分，这与其土壤总磷（TP）含量较高且微生物生物量碳（MBC）、易氧化有机碳（EOC）、颗粒有机碳（POC）和惰性有机碳（ROC）含量显著较低的影响有关；土壤微生物碳降解功能基因（MAN2C1和bglB）丰度在马尾松林中显著高于混交林（P<0.05），主要受到马尾松林土壤有机碳（SOC）、MBC、可溶性有机碳（DOC）、EOC和ROC含量低的显著影响；马尾松林甲烷代谢功能基因（pmoA-amoA、pmoB-amoB和pmoC-amoC）丰度显著最高，这与土壤SOC、MBC、DOC、EOC和ROC的显著负作用有关。另外，3个人工林土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度基本随土壤深度增加而增加，主要与土壤SOC、C/N、MBC、DOC、EOC和ROC含量随土壤深度加深而降低密切相关。总之，马尾松林土壤微生物具有较高碳循环潜力，但3个林分土壤微生物碳循环潜力均随土壤深度增加而增强，土壤有机碳组分是主导3个人工林土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度差异的重要因素。

关键词: 土壤微生物碳循环功能基因, 土壤有机碳组分, 宏基因组测序, 人工林, 南亚热带

Abstract:

Exploring the abundance of carbon cycle functional genes in soil microorganisms is important for understanding the mechanism of soil carbon cycling. However, the response characteristics of soil microbial carbon cycle functional gene abundance to different plantation types are still unclear. Based on the metagenomic sequencing data, soil physicochemical properties, and organic carbon components of soil samples from different soil layers (0-20, 20-40, 40-60 cm) under the mixed species plantation with Pinus massoniana and Erythrophleum fordii, as well as their pure plantations in south subtropical China, the differences in microbial functional gene abundance related to soil carbon cycling (carbon fixation, carbon degradation and methane metabolism) between different soil layers of different stands, and the dominant soil environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that the abundance of soil microbial carbon fixation functional genes (rcbL, MUT and PCCA) in the Pinus massoniana stand was significantly higher than that in the other two stands. This difference was attributed to higher soil total phosphorus (TP) content and significantly lower contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) (P < 0.05). The abundance of carbon degradation functional genes (MAN2C1 and bglB) was significantly higher in the Pinus massoniana stand than that in mixed plantation. These differences were mainly affected by the low content of soil organic carbon (SOC), MBC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), EOC and ROC in Pinus massoniana plantation. The highest abundance of methane metabolism functional genes (pmoA-amoA, pmoB-amoB and pmoC-amoC) was observed in the Pinus massoniana plantation, which was related to significant negative effects of SOC, MBC, DOC, EOC, and ROC. Additionally, the abundance of microbial carbon cycle functional genes in all three planted forests increased with increasing soil depth, mainly due to the decrease in SOC, C/N ratio, MBC, DOC, EOC and ROC contents. Overall, the Pinus massoniana stand exhibited a relatively high potential for soil microbial carbon cycling, while the soil microbial carbon cycle potential in all three stands increased with soil depth. The composition of soil organic carbon was identified as an important factor regulating the difference in functional gene abundance of soil microbial carbon cycling in these plantations.

Key words: soil microbial carbon cycle functional genes, soil organic carbon components, metagenomic sequencing, planted forest, south subtropical China

中图分类号:

秦佳琪, 肖指柔, 明安刚, 朱豪, 滕金倩, 梁泽丽, 陶怡, 覃林. 针阔人工混交林及其纯林对土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(10): 1719-1731.

QIN Jiaqi, XIAO Zhirou, MING Angang, ZHU Hao, TENG Jinqian, LIANG Zeli, TAO Yi, QIN Lin. Effect of Monoculture and Mixed Plantation with Coniferous and Broadleaved Tree Species on Soil Microbial Carbon Cycle Functional Gene Abundance[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(10): 1719-1731.

图/表 7

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碳循环功能基因	基因	KO编号
碳固定
卡尔文循环
核酮糖-二磷酸羧化酶大链	rbcL	K01601
核糖5-磷酸异构酶	rpiA	K01807
磷酸甘油酸激酶	PGK	K00927
还原乙酰辅酶A途径
乙酰辅酶a合成酶	acs	K01895
乙酰乙酰辅酶a合成酶	acsA	K01907
还原三羧酸循环
2-氧代戊二酸/2-氧酸铁氧还蛋白氧化还原酶亚单位	korA	K00174
2-氧代戊二酸/2-氧代酸铁氧还蛋白氧化还原酶亚基	korB	K00175
3-烃基丙酸双循环
乙酰辅酶a羧化酶羧基转移酶亚单位	accA	K01962
丙酰辅酶a羧化酶α链	PCCA	K01965
3-烃基丙酸/4-烃基丁酸循环
甲基丙二酰辅酶a变位酶	MUT	K01847
二羧酸/4-烃基丁酸循环
磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶	ppc	K01595
丙酮酸，正磷酸二激酶	ppdK	K01006
碳降解
淀粉
Α-淀粉酶	amyA	K01176
支链淀粉酶	pulA	K01200
4-α-葡聚糖转移酶	malQ	K00705
果胶
果胶酯酶果胶裂解酶	pectinesterase pel	K01051 K01728
半纤维素
Α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶	abfA	K01209
木酮糖激酶	xylB	K00854
Α-甘露糖苷酶	MAN2C1	K01191
木糖异构酶	xylA	K01805
纤维素
内切葡聚糖酶	endoglucanase	K01179
Β-葡萄糖苷酶	bglB	K05350
Β-葡萄糖苷酶	bglX	K05349
几丁质
几丁质酶	chitinase	K01183
N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱乙酰酶	nagA	K01443
木质素
儿茶酚2, 3-双加氧酶甲烷代谢	catE	K07104
甲烷氧化
甲烷/氨单加氧酶亚单位	pmoA-amoA	K10944
甲烷/氨单加氧酶亚单位	pmoB-amoB	K10945
甲烷/氨单加氧酶亚单位	pmoC-amoC	K10946
甲烷生成
四氢甲蝶呤S-甲基转移酶亚基	mtrA	K00577

碳循环功能基因	基因	KO编号
碳固定
卡尔文循环
核酮糖-二磷酸羧化酶大链	rbcL	K01601
核糖5-磷酸异构酶	rpiA	K01807
磷酸甘油酸激酶	PGK	K00927
还原乙酰辅酶A途径
乙酰辅酶a合成酶	acs	K01895
乙酰乙酰辅酶a合成酶	acsA	K01907
还原三羧酸循环
2-氧代戊二酸/2-氧酸铁氧还蛋白氧化还原酶亚单位	korA	K00174
2-氧代戊二酸/2-氧代酸铁氧还蛋白氧化还原酶亚基	korB	K00175
3-烃基丙酸双循环
乙酰辅酶a羧化酶羧基转移酶亚单位	accA	K01962
丙酰辅酶a羧化酶α链	PCCA	K01965
3-烃基丙酸/4-烃基丁酸循环
甲基丙二酰辅酶a变位酶	MUT	K01847
二羧酸/4-烃基丁酸循环
磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶	ppc	K01595
丙酮酸，正磷酸二激酶	ppdK	K01006
碳降解
淀粉
Α-淀粉酶	amyA	K01176
支链淀粉酶	pulA	K01200
4-α-葡聚糖转移酶	malQ	K00705
果胶
果胶酯酶果胶裂解酶	pectinesterase pel	K01051 K01728
半纤维素
Α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶	abfA	K01209
木酮糖激酶	xylB	K00854
Α-甘露糖苷酶	MAN2C1	K01191
木糖异构酶	xylA	K01805
纤维素
内切葡聚糖酶	endoglucanase	K01179
Β-葡萄糖苷酶	bglB	K05350
Β-葡萄糖苷酶	bglX	K05349
几丁质
几丁质酶	chitinase	K01183
N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱乙酰酶	nagA	K01443
木质素
儿茶酚2, 3-双加氧酶甲烷代谢	catE	K07104
甲烷氧化
甲烷/氨单加氧酶亚单位	pmoA-amoA	K10944
甲烷/氨单加氧酶亚单位	pmoB-amoB	K10945
甲烷/氨单加氧酶亚单位	pmoC-amoC	K10946
甲烷生成
四氢甲蝶呤S-甲基转移酶亚基	mtrA	K00577

土层	林分类型	w_(MBC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(DOC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(EOC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(POC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(ROC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)
0－20 cm	PMP	11.80±1.80Ab	17.67±3.68Aa	301.45±38.14Aa	1091.00±86.09ABb	12802.03±1472.29Ab
	EFP	19.01±3.99Bb	22.51±11.12Aa	586.24±28.39Cb	1235.58±210.61Bb	13574.62±1225.81Ab
	MPE	16.36±0.74ABb	21.29±4.50Aa	436.65±65.99Bb	837.25±96.56Ab	13238.25±611.61Aab
20－40 cm	PMP	11.56±2.03Ab	14.45±4.24Aa	266.81±43.12Aa	573.92±122.68Aa	7761.56±1254.92Aa
	EFP	14.55±6.30Aab	15.69±3.26Aa	282.44±58.75Aa	1296.46±101.68Bb	10663.02±1148.89Ba
	MPE	13.73±3.99Ab	17.17±4.99Aa	175.81±50.45Aa	478.28±32.78Aa	13611.27±417.10Cb
40－60 cm	PMP	6.37±0.83Aa	15.47±3.28Aa	265.60±44.39Aa	677.66±43.70Aa	8484.44±464.20Aa
	EFP	9.03±0.59Ba	10.79±2.30Aa	260.93±44.75Aa	878.92±143.22Ba	10793.59±1019.76Aa
	MPE	6.18±0.77Aa	13.56±6.45Aa	210.74±59.12Aa	588.06±53.65Aa	10879.13±2044.52Aa
双因素方差分析	林分	0.025^{* 1)}	NS	0.000^**	0.000^**	0.000^**
	土层	0.000^{** 2)}	0.035^*	0.000^**	0.000^**	0.000^**
	林分×土层	NS³⁾	NS	0.001^**	0.001^**	0.013^*

土层	林分类型	w_(MBC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(DOC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(EOC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(POC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	w_(ROC)/(mg∙kg⁻¹)
0－20 cm	PMP	11.80±1.80Ab	17.67±3.68Aa	301.45±38.14Aa	1091.00±86.09ABb	12802.03±1472.29Ab
	EFP	19.01±3.99Bb	22.51±11.12Aa	586.24±28.39Cb	1235.58±210.61Bb	13574.62±1225.81Ab
	MPE	16.36±0.74ABb	21.29±4.50Aa	436.65±65.99Bb	837.25±96.56Ab	13238.25±611.61Aab
20－40 cm	PMP	11.56±2.03Ab	14.45±4.24Aa	266.81±43.12Aa	573.92±122.68Aa	7761.56±1254.92Aa
	EFP	14.55±6.30Aab	15.69±3.26Aa	282.44±58.75Aa	1296.46±101.68Bb	10663.02±1148.89Ba
	MPE	13.73±3.99Ab	17.17±4.99Aa	175.81±50.45Aa	478.28±32.78Aa	13611.27±417.10Cb
40－60 cm	PMP	6.37±0.83Aa	15.47±3.28Aa	265.60±44.39Aa	677.66±43.70Aa	8484.44±464.20Aa
	EFP	9.03±0.59Ba	10.79±2.30Aa	260.93±44.75Aa	878.92±143.22Ba	10793.59±1019.76Aa
	MPE	6.18±0.77Aa	13.56±6.45Aa	210.74±59.12Aa	588.06±53.65Aa	10879.13±2044.52Aa
双因素方差分析	林分	0.025^{* 1)}	NS	0.000^**	0.000^**	0.000^**
	土层	0.000^{** 2)}	0.035^*	0.000^**	0.000^**	0.000^**
	林分×土层	NS³⁾	NS	0.001^**	0.001^**	0.013^*

针阔人工混交林及其纯林对土壤微生物碳循环功能基因丰度的影响

Effect of Monoculture and Mixed Plantation with Coniferous and Broadleaved Tree Species on Soil Microbial Carbon Cycle Functional Gene Abundance

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