石漠化土壤碳矿速率对丛枝菌根真菌接种的响应

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.10.002

生态环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 1506-1515.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.10.002

石漠化土壤碳矿速率对丛枝菌根真菌接种的响应

李瑞¹(), 王邵军¹^,^*(), 兰梦杰¹, 罗双¹, 夏佳慧¹, 杨胜秋¹, 解玲玲¹, 肖博², 郭晓飞², 王郑钧¹, 郭志鹏¹

1.西南林业大学生态与环境学院/云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室，云南昆明 650224
2.西南林业大学水土保持学院，云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2024-07-06 出版日期:2024-10-18 发布日期:2024-11-15
通讯作者: *王邵军。E-mail: shaojunwang2009@163.com
作者简介:李瑞（1999年生），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤生态学。E-mail: mzby2022@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32271722);国家自然科学基金项目(32060281);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0714)

Response of Soil Carbon Mineral Rate in Rocky Desertification to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation

LI Rui¹(), WANG Shaojun¹^,^*(), LAN Mengjie¹, LUO Shuang¹, XIA Jiahui¹, YANG Shengqiu¹, XIE Lingling¹, XIAO Bo², GUO Xiaofei², WANG Zhengjun¹, GUO Zhipeng¹

1. Restoration and Ecological Services College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation, Kunming 650224, P. R. China
2. College of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P. R. China

Received:2024-07-06 Online:2024-10-18 Published:2024-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明丛枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhiza，AM）真菌接种对石漠化土壤碳矿化影响的过程及机制，选择圆柏（Sabina chinensis）为供试寄主植物，分别接种幼套近明球囊霉（Claroideoglomus etunicatum，CE）、摩西斗管囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae，FM）、根内根孢囊霉（Rhizophagus intraradices，RI），设对照处理（无AM真菌，CK），采用室内需氧培养法测定不同处理土壤碳矿化速率的时空变化，分析其与根系侵染状况、微生物生物量碳氮和土壤性质的关系。结果表明，1）3种AM真菌接种对土壤碳矿化速率的影响存在差异。CE处理下的碳矿化速率（13.1 mg∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹）高于RI（11.7 mg∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹）和FM（9.7 mg∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹）；3种AM真菌处理下碳矿化速率均表现为湿季大于干季，沿土层加深而减小，随季节和土层的变幅均呈现CE>RI>FM的特征。2）AM真菌接种显著提高根系侵染率、菌丝侵染密度、土壤碳氮磷组分和水分含量，其提升率变幅范围为16.4%－81.6%。3）AM真菌接种引起土壤微生物量碳和氮含量变化显著影响碳矿化，其对碳矿化速率的解释量大小为：CE（93.3%、87.6%）>RI（86.4%、80.7%）>FM（81.1%、75.1%）>CK（65.2%、67.6%）。4）AM真菌处理下碳矿化速率与根系侵染率、菌丝侵染密度、易氧化碳、有机碳、全磷、全氮和含水率呈显著正相关，与容重和pH呈显著负相关；主成分结果表明，易氧化有机碳、微生物量碳氮、容重是土壤碳矿化速率的主要影响因子。因此，AM真菌共生主要通过改变碳组分、微生物量氮及土壤紧密度，进而促进云南石漠化土壤碳矿化速率。

关键词: 石漠化, 丛枝菌根, 碳矿化, 微生物量碳, 微生物量氮, 碳组分

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore the processes and mechanisms by which arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation affects soil carbon mineralization. Sabina chinensis was selected as host plant to inoculate separately with Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Funneliformes mosseae, and Rhizophagus intraradices, using no AM fungal inoculation as a control (CK). The indoor aerobic cultivation method was used to determine spatiotemporal changes in the carbon mineralization rate in the different treatments. The association between soil carbon mineralization and root infection, microbial carbon and nitrogen, and physicochemical properties were also determined. The results were as follows: 1) The three AM fungal inoculations had different effects on soil carbon mineralization. The mineralization rates were higher in the CE treatment (13.1 mg∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹) than in the treatments of RI (11.7 mg∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹) and FM (9.7 mg∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹). Soil carbon mineralization rates in the AM fungi treatments were higher in the wet season than in the dry season, and decreased along with the soil profile. They ranked CE > RI > FM across the different seasons and soil layers. 2) AM fungal inoculation significantly increased root colonization, hyphal length density, soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus pools, and water content, with an improvement rate of 16.4%-81.6%. 3) Soil carbon mineralization was significantly affected by changes in soil microbial carbon and nitrogen induced by AM fungal inoculation. The order of the extent of soil microbial carbon and nitrogen in explaining the carbon mineralization change was CE (93.3%, 87.6%) > RI (86.4%, 80.7%) > FM (81.1%, 75.1%) > CK (65.2%, 67.6%). 4) The carbon mineralization rates in the three AM fungal treatments were positively correlated with root colonization, hyphal length density, easily oxidizable carbon, total organic carbon, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and soil water content, but negatively correlated with bulk density and pH. Principal component analysis showed that soil readily oxidizable carbon, microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and bulk density were the main factors influencing the carbon mineralization rate. Therefore, AM fungal symbiosis promotes soil carbon mineralization primarily by altering carbon components, microbial biomass nitrogen, and soil compactness in the Yunnan rocky desertification area.

Key words: rocky desertification, arbuscular mycorrhizae, carbon mineralization, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, carbon components

中图分类号:

S154.3
X172

李瑞, 王邵军, 兰梦杰, 罗双, 夏佳慧, 杨胜秋, 解玲玲, 肖博, 郭晓飞, 王郑钧, 郭志鹏. 石漠化土壤碳矿速率对丛枝菌根真菌接种的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(10): 1506-1515.

LI Rui, WANG Shaojun, LAN Mengjie, LUO Shuang, XIA Jiahui, YANG Shengqiu, XIE Lingling, XIAO Bo, GUO Xiaofei, WANG Zhengjun, GUO Zhipeng. Response of Soil Carbon Mineral Rate in Rocky Desertification to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(10): 1506-1515.

图/表 8

图1 不同AM真菌接种处理下土壤碳矿化速率时间变化不同大写字母表示同一处理不同月份之间存在显著差异，不同小写字母表示同1月不同处理之间存在显著差异（p<0.050）；不同月份4种处理的样本量n=4。

Figure 1 Temporal variation of soil carbon mineralization rate under different AM fungal inoculation

图2 不同AM真菌接种处理下土壤碳矿化速率垂直变化不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理之间存在显著差异（p<0.050）；不同土层4种处理的样本量n=4。

Figure 2 Vertical variation of soil carbon mineralization rate under different AM fungal inoculation treatments

表1 接种处理、土层和月份对土壤碳矿化速率影响的方差分析

Table 1 Variance analysis for the effects of inoculation treatments, soil layers and months on carbon mineralization rate

处理	df	均方	F	p
不同接种	3	186.89	232.39	0.004
不同月份	3	221.41	275.31	0.001
不同土层	1	90.592	112.65	0.003
不同接种×月份	9	17.768	22.094	0.002
不同接种×土层	3	4.867	6.052	0.006
不同月份×土层	3	105.95	131.75	0.004
不同接种×月份×土层	9	5.221	6.492	0.008

表2 AM菌种处理下土壤碳矿化速率与微生物量碳的关系

Table 2 Relationship of soil carbon mineralization rate with microbial biomass carbon under AM inoculation treatments

处理	0‒5 cm			5‒10 cm
处理	回归方程	R²	p	回归方程	R²	p
CE	y=0.051x²+3.667x+2.130	0.972	0.010	y=7.550x²+0.230x+4.190	0.893	0.010
RI	y=2.555x²−6.912x+12.306	0.845	0.027	y=4.012x²−3.487x+7.857	0.884	0.002
FM	y=0.052x²+5.295x+0.772	0.824	0.002	y=3.123x²−0.600x+5.032	0.799	0.010
CK	y = −8.075x²+15.745x+2.366	0.745	0.009	y= −3.460x²+10.145x+0.813	0.560	0.035

表3 AM菌种处理下土壤碳矿化速率与微生物量氮的关系

Table 3 Relationship of soil carbon mineralization rate with microbial biomass nitrogen under AM inoculation treatments

处理	0‒5 cm			5‒10 cm
处理	回归方程	R²	p	回归方程	R²	p
CE	y= −0.002x²+0.617x−21.433	0.923	0.001	y=0.002x²−0.007x+7.059	0.828	0.022
RI	y= −0.001x²+0.370x−8.281	0.809	0.007	y= −0.020x²+2.895x−89.177	0.806	0.004
FM	y=0.013x²−0.699x+9.917	0.702	0.012	y=0.001x²+0.389x−12.240	0.800	0.003
CK	y=0.012x²−0.595x+7.195	0.687	0.030	y=0.005x²−0.070x−0.635	0.665	0.040

表4 不同AM真菌接种下侵染率、菌丝侵染密度及土壤性质变化

Table 4 Changes in root colonization, hyphal length density, and soil properties under AM inoculation treatments

指标	不同接种处理
指标	CE	RI	FM	CK
pH	7.42±0.09b	7.61±0.04ab	7.68±0.03ab	7.72±0.01a
w_TOC/(g∙kg⁻¹)	17.43±0.03a	16.94±0.49ab	15.93±0.13b	13.74±0.14c
w_ROC/(g∙kg⁻¹)	7.36±0.59a	6.44±0.10ab	5.83±0.03b	4.01±0.26c
w_MBC/(g∙kg⁻¹)	2.19±0.08a	1.71±0.52b	1.47±0.19b	0.98±0.10c
w_TN/(g∙kg⁻¹)	3.83±0.21a	2.91±0.07b	2.73±0.04b	1.96±0.05c
w_HN/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	76.15±0.42a	59.44±3.28b	51.95±0.89b	35.72±1.82c
w_NN/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	10.36±0.10a	8.93±0.38b	8.06±0.20b	3.76±0.46c
w_AN/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	6.08±0.41a	5.15±0.07b	4.53±0.40b	2.96±0.47c
w_MBN/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	61.74±0.48a	60.40±0.05a	56.34±0.73b	49.64±0.30c
w_TP/(g∙kg⁻¹)	1.75±0.05a	1.68±0.01a	1.47±0.06b	1.13±0.04c
w_AP/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	57.96±2.18a	52.20±1.22b	35.75±0.81c	33.82±0.56c
w_SW/(%)	11.91±0.81a	9.69±1.07ab	7.14±0.26bc	4.77±0.11c
w_BD/(g∙cm⁻³)	1.50±0.08b	1.61±0.02ab	1.51±0.01b	1.69±0.01a
w_RC/(%)	91.22±4.14a	75.21±3.41b	56.43±2.82c	35.32±1.90d
w_HLD/(m∙g⁻¹)	3.96±0.62a	2.85±0.40b	2.34±0.31c	1.84±0.11d

图3 土壤碳矿化速率与土壤性质、真菌侵染状况的相关性分析 *表示p<0.050，**表示p<0.010；蓝色表示负相关，红色表示正相关，颜色越深表示相关性越强。不同指标的样本量n=16

Figure 3 Correlation analysis of soil carbon mineralization rate with soil properties and fungal infestation status

图4 土壤性质、真菌侵染状况对碳矿化速率影响的主成分分析 “○”代表CE菌种处理；“△”代表RI菌种处理；“□”代表FM菌种处理；“◇”代表CK不接种菌种处理。不同处理的样本量n=4

Figure 4 Principal component analysis showing the effect of soil properties and fungal infestation status on carbon mineralization rate

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石漠化土壤碳矿速率对丛枝菌根真菌接种的响应

Response of Soil Carbon Mineral Rate in Rocky Desertification to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation

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