川西高原近20 a植被物候变化及其对气候变化的响应

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.07.005

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 1326-1339.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.07.005

川西高原近20 a植被物候变化及其对气候变化的响应

孙梦鑫¹^,²(), 张岳¹^,², 辛宇¹^,², 钟鼎杰¹^,², 杨存建¹^,²^,^*()

1.四川师范大学/西南土地资源评价与监测教育部重点实验室,四川成都 610068
2.四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院,四川成都 610068

收稿日期:2021-09-20 出版日期:2022-07-18 发布日期:2022-08-31
通讯作者: ^*杨存建（1967年生）,男,教授,博士研究生导师,主要从事遥感与GIS应用研究。E-mail: yangcj2008@126.com
作者简介:孙梦鑫（1995年生）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事资源环境遥感与GIS应用研究。E-mail: mengxinsun916@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0505303);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2020YFG0146)

Changes of Vegetation Phenology and Its Response to Climate Change in the West Sichuan Plateau in the Past 20 Years

SUN Mengxin¹^,²(), ZHANG Yue¹^,², XIN Yu¹^,², ZHONG Dingjie¹^,², YANG Cunjian¹^,²^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest/Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China
2. Faculty of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China

Received:2021-09-20 Online:2022-07-18 Published:2022-08-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植被物候是植被生长发育、枯萎凋落的周期性变化现象,揭示植被物候变化及其对水热因子的响应机制具有重要的生态意义。采用两种动态阈值分别提取川西高原近20 a森林植被、草地的生长季开始期（Start of Growing Season,SOS）和生长季结束期（End of Growing Season,EOS）,利用Theil-Sen Median（Sen）趋势分析、偏相关系数分析植被物候的变化特征及其对季节性气温、降水的响应。结果表明,（1）川西高原植被平均SOS以70—130 d为主,平均EOS以260—290 d为主;植被SOS整体呈提前趋势、EOS整体呈推迟趋势,SOS的平均变化速率大于EOS;植被SOS平均提前速率为2.4 d∙(10 a)^-1（α=0.05）,EOS平均推迟速率为1.4 d∙(10 a)^-1（α=0.05）;草地和森林植被SOS平均提前速率大致相同,分别为2.4 d∙(10 a)^-1、2.3 d∙(10 a)^-1;草地EOS平均推迟速率1.4 d∙(10 a)^-1,小于森林植被2.2 d∙(10 a)^-1。（2）温度是影响植被SOS、EOS变化的主要因素。春季温度上升导致大部分植被SOS提前,这种现象在草地和森林植被间都很常见;冬季温度上升并不能使植被SOS出现普遍提前,且由于冬季温度升高可能会影响植被的春化作用,部分植被SOS甚至与冬季温度呈正相关;秋季温度上升是植被EOS推迟的主要因素,对草地的影响尤其显著;部分植被EOS与夏季温度呈负相关,这可能与夏季温度上升产生的水分胁迫以及植被生长周期的提前结束有关。（3）冬春季降水对植被SOS的影响不明显;夏季降水减少虽然对EOS有提前效应,但秋季降水增加以及升温对植被EOS的推迟作用强于夏季降水减少所带来的影响。

关键词: NDVI时序数据, 动态阈值, 植物物候, 生长季开始期（SOS）, 生长季结束期（EOS）

Abstract:

Vegetation phenology means a cyclical change phenomenon including vegetation grow, wither and fall. Investigation of vegetation phenological changes and their response mechanisms to hydrothermal factors is of great ecological significance. In this paper, two dynamic thresholds were used to extract the Start of Growing Season (SOS) and End of Growing Season (EOS) of forest and grassland in the western Sichuan Plateau in the past 20 years, respectively. The variation characteristics of vegetation phenology and its responses to seasonal temperature and precipitation were analyzed by using Theil-Sen Median (Sen) trend analysis and partial correlation coefficient. The results showed that (1) the average SOS of vegetation in the western Sichuan Plateau was mainly between 70 to 130 days, and the average EOS was mainly between 260 to 290 days. The SOS was generally advanced, while the EOS was generally delayed. The average rate of change of SOS was greater than that of EOS; the average advance rate of vegetation SOS was 2.4 d∙(10 a)^-1 (α=0.05); the average delay rate of EOS was 1.4 d∙(10 a)^-1 (α=0.05). The average advance rates of SOS in grassland (2.4 d∙(10 a)^-1) and forest (2.3 d∙(10 a)^-1) were approximately the same, and the average EOS delay rate in grassland (1.4 d∙(10 a)^-1) was smaller than that of in forest (2.2 d∙(10 a)^-1). (2) Temperature was the main factor affecting the changes of SOS and EOS. The increase of temperature in spring led to the advance of most vegetation SOS, which was common both in grassland and forest. However, the increase of temperature in winter cannot make the SOS of vegetation generally advance; because the increase in winter temperature may affect the vernalization of vegetation. The SOS of some vegetation was positively correlated with winter temperature. The rising temperature in autumn was the main factor for the delay of vegetation EOS, which was particularly significant for grassland. The EOS of some vegetation was negatively correlated with summer temperature, which may be related to the drought stress caused by rising summer temperature and the early end of vegetation growth period. (3) The effect of precipitation in winter and spring on vegetation SOS was not significant. The precipitation reduction in summer had an advance effect on EOS, which, however, was weaker than the delay caused by the increase in autumn precipitation and the warming.

Key words: NDVI time series data, dynamic threshold, vegetation phenology, SOS, EOS

中图分类号:

Q948
X173

孙梦鑫, 张岳, 辛宇, 钟鼎杰, 杨存建. 川西高原近20 a植被物候变化及其对气候变化的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(7): 1326-1339.

SUN Mengxin, ZHANG Yue, XIN Yu, ZHONG Dingjie, YANG Cunjian. Changes of Vegetation Phenology and Its Response to Climate Change in the West Sichuan Plateau in the Past 20 Years[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(7): 1326-1339.

图/表 12

图1 川西高原区域概况

Figure 1 Regional overview of western Sichuan Plateau

图2 植被类型分区

Figure 2 Vegetation type zoning

图3 川西高原遥感物候与站点实测数据比较

Figure 3 Comparison of remote sensing phenology and site measured data in the western Sichuan Plateau

图4 2001—2020年川西高原植被SOS、EOS均值空间分布

Figure 4 Spatial distribution of mean values of SOS and EOS of vegetation on the western Sichuan Plateau from 2001 to 2020

图5 2001—2020年川西高原植被平均SOS、EOS比重

Figure 5 The average SOS and EOS proportions of vegetation on the western Sichuan Plateau from 2001 to 2020

图6 草地与森林植被平均SOS、EOS比重

Figure 6 Average SOS and EOS proportions of grassland and forest vegetation

图7 2001—2020年川西高原植被SOS、EOS变化趋势

Figure 7 Variation trends of SOS and EOS of vegetation on the Western Sichuan Plateau from 2001 to 2020

图8 草地与森林植被SOS、EOS年均值变化趋势

Figure 8 Change trend of annual average value of SOS and EOS of grassland and forest vegetation

图9 2001—2020年川西高原植被物候变化空间分布特征

Figure 9 Spatial distribution characteristics of vegetation phenology changes in the Western Sichuan Plateau from 2001 to 2020

表1 川西高原植被物候变化各类型所占百分比

Table 1 Percentage of various types of vegetation phenology changes in the Western Sichuan Plateau %

植被物候 Vegetation Phenology	显著提前 Significant Advance	轻微提前 Slight Advance	显著推迟 Significant Delay	轻微推迟 Slight Delay
草地Grassland SOS	13.36	52.67	1.37	32.6
草地Grassland EOS	4.3	33.71	3.08	58.91
森林植被 Forest SOS	11.85	52.97	1	34.18
森林植被 Forest EOS	4.17	42.54	5.23	48.06

图10 温度、降水变化趋势

Figure 10 Change trend of temperature and precipitation

图11 2001—2020年川西高原植被物候与季节性温度、降水的偏相关系数

Figure 11 Partial correlation coefficients of vegetation phenology, seasonal temperature and precipitation in the western Sichuan Plateau from 2001 to 2020

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川西高原近20 a植被物候变化及其对气候变化的响应

Changes of Vegetation Phenology and Its Response to Climate Change in the West Sichuan Plateau in the Past 20 Years

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