生态环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 643-650.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.04.001

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

大围山高山湿地植物多样性与区系组成研究

李阳1,3(), 侯志勇3,*(), 陈薇2,3, 于晓英1, 谢永宏3, 黄鑫1, 谭佩阳3, 李继承4, 黎尚林4, 杨辉5   

  1. 1.湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南 长沙 410128
    2.湖南农业大学风景园林与艺术设计学院,湖南 长沙 410128
    3.中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所农业生态过程重点实验室/中国科学院洞庭湖湿地生态系统观测研究站,湖南 长沙 410125
    4.浏阳市大围山自然保护区管理所,湖南 浏阳 410309
    5.湖南华容东湖国家湿地公园管理所,湖南 岳阳 414200
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-19 出版日期:2023-04-18 发布日期:2023-07-12
  • 通讯作者: *侯志勇(1982年生),男,高级工程师,主要从事湿地生态研究。E-mail: hzy2005@isa.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:李阳(1996年生),男,硕士研究生,主要从事湿地生态研究。E-mail: 1304990057@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41601106);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100600);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2017JJ3374)

Plant Diversity and Systematic Composition of Alpine Wetlands in Dawei Mountain

LI Yang1,3(), HOU Zhiyong3,*(), CHEN Wei2,3, YU Xiaoying1, XIE Yonghong3, HUANG Xin1, TAN Peiyang3, LI Jicheng4, LI Shanglin4, YANG Hui5   

  1. 1. College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, P. R. China
    2. College of Landscape Architecture and Art Design, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 4101288, P. R. China
    3. Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Dongting Lake Station for Wetland Ecosystem Research, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 4101258, P. R. China
    4. Liuyang Dawei Mountain Nature Reserve Management Centre, Liuyang 410309, P. R. China
    5. Hunan Huarong East Lake National Wetland Park Management Centre, Yueyang 414200, P. R. China
  • Received:2022-09-19 Online:2023-04-18 Published:2023-07-12

摘要:

高山湿地在水源涵养、固碳、碳循环、保护生物多样性、生态系统恢复与重建等方面,具有重要的生态价值。湖南大围山国家森林公园具有丰富的高山湿地资源,具有较高的研究价值,但目前关于大围山高山湿地的相关研究还鲜有报道。通过实地调查,对大围山高山湿地植物的多样性和区系组成进行分析。结果表明,(1)大围山高山湿地植物共有59科103属126种,其中被子植物共计51科94属115种,优势科为禾本科、菊科、蓼科、蔷薇科、莎草科。(2)植物群落共计24个,Simpson多样性指数(D)值为0.331-1,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)值为0-1.25,Pielou均匀度指数(E)值为0-0.998,物种丰富度(R)指数为1-6。(3)湿地植物物种丰富度与海拔呈单峰分布格局,即植物多样性随海拔的升高先增加后减小。(4)大围山高山湿地植物在科、属的区系组成上存在差异。从科的总体结构上看,世界广布类型具有26科,占总科数的49.1%;温带成分共计12科,占总科数的22.6%。从属的总体结构上看,世界广布共计24属,占总属数的24.7%;温带成分共计47属,占总属数的48.5%。总的来说,大围山高山湿地资源丰富,但由于人类活动干扰,如旅游活动等,部分湿地未得到有效保护,导致湿地部分旱化,面积萎缩等现象的出现。研究结果可为大围山高山湿地的生态恢复和保护提供基础数据支撑和科学依据。

关键词: 高山湿地, 植物多样性, 区系

Abstract:

Alpine Wetlands play an important role in maintaining water source, carbon storage, carbon cycle, biodiversity preservation and reconstruction of ecosystem. The Dawei mountain national forest park, located in Hunan province, is famous for its mountain wetland and resource, making it worthy to be investigated. However, studies about Dawei mountain wetland are still lacking. Therefore, we conducted a research to analyze the composition and diversity of the plants in the wetland. The result showed that (1) plants in the wetland consisted of 59 families, 103 genus and 126 species, with 51, 94 and 115 of them belonging to angiosperm. Gramineous, Asteraceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae and Cyperaceae plants predominated in this area. (2) This survey included 24 communities. The Simpson Diversity Index (D) was 0.331?1; Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H) was 0?1.25; Pielou Uniformity Index (E) was 0?0.998; Specie Richness Idex was 1?6. (3) We found that the relationship between plants and altitudinal gradients displayed a unimodal pattern, which rose and then decreased with the increase of altitudinal gradients. (4) We observed that families and genus of the plants were different. A total of 26 families spread around the world, accounting for 49.1% of all the families; 12 families belonged to temperate zone, accounting for 22.6% of all the families; 24 genera spread around the world, accounting for 24.7% of all the genera; 47 families belonged to temperate zone, accounting for 48.5% of all the families. In all, the Dawei mountain wetland is rich in natural resources. Still, it is now being influenced by drought and some other climate change scenarios due to anthropogenic activities. Results of this study may thus pave a way for reconstruction and preservation of Dawei mountain wetland.

Key words: alpine wetlands, plant diversity, district system

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