三江源地区土壤和牧草中的有机氯污染物：分布、来源和生态风险

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.03.011

生态环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 428-438.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.03.011

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇下一篇

三江源地区土壤和牧草中的有机氯污染物：分布、来源和生态风险

闫兴蕊¹^,²(), 龚平²^,^*(), 王小萍²^,⁴, 商立海³, 李一农², 毛飞剑², 牛学锐²^,⁴, 张勃¹

1.西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院，甘肃兰州 730070
2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所/青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室，北京 100101
3.中国科学院地球化学研究所/环境地球化学国家重点实验室，贵州贵阳 550081
4.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-11-20 出版日期:2024-03-18 发布日期:2024-05-08
通讯作者: *龚平。E-mail: gongping@itpcas.ac.cn
作者简介:闫兴蕊（2000年生），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为环境污染与生态风险评价。E-mail: yanxingrui2000@163.com
基金资助:
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0605);中国科学院青年创新促进会(CAS2017098);“万人计划”青年拔尖人才项目

Organochlorine Pollutants in Soils and Grasses in the Three-River Headwater Region: Distributions, Sources, and Ecological Risks

YAN Xingrui¹^,²(), GONG Ping²^,^*(), WANG Xiaoping²^,⁴, SHANG Lihai³, LI Yinong², MAO Feijian², NIU Xuerui²^,⁴, ZHANG Bo¹

1. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
2. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE)/Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
3. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry/Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, P. R. China
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China

Received:2023-11-20 Online:2024-03-18 Published:2024-05-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

三江源地区是“亚洲水塔”的重要组成部分。该地区复杂的大气环流可能为持久性有机污染物（POPs）的输入提供动力。在采集三江源地区土壤和牧草的基础上，获得该地区有机氯类污染物（OCPs，POPs的一类）的污染水平并进行来源解析，以期对POPs的潜在生态风险进行评估。结果表明，1）三江源地区土壤和牧草中滴滴涕（DDTs）的含量分别为低于检出限 (BDL)－2.32×10⁴ pg∙g⁻¹（平均3003 pg∙g⁻¹）和BDL－2.44×10⁴ pg∙g⁻¹（平均3539 pg∙g⁻¹），高于全球其他高海拔草地地区;而土壤和牧草中六氯苯（HCB）、六六六（HCHs）和多氯联苯（PCBs）的含量则与全球背景水平相当。2）三江源地区的OCPs整体呈现东高西低的空间分布特征。反向气团轨迹显示高含量的OCPs主要来自于三江源以东的地区。此外，人口密集的城镇地区具有相对高的OCPs含量，表明当地的零星地区可能存在OCPs使用/排放史。3）三江源地区土壤和牧草中的OCPs含量与年降水量显著正相关（P值分别小于0.05和0.1），而土壤DDTs与热力学温度的倒数（1/T）线性关系的斜率可达−9×10⁷。降水冲刷和地气交换很可能是大气中OCPs向三江源地区地表介质输入的关键过程。4）三江源地区有机氯污染物在土壤-牧草间的平均生物浓缩系数为11，表明有机氯污染物在牧草中发生了富集。基于定性评价的效应区间低/中值法和危害商法的生态风险评估显示，三江源地区OCPs对生态系统的总体风险较小，但后续研究中仍需关注该地区东部城镇的DDTs生态风险。研究结果可为青藏高原生态环境保护和三江源国家公园建设提供数据支撑。

关键词: 大气传输, 生物富集, 生态风险, 青藏高原, 三江源国家公园

Abstract:

The Three-River Headwater Region (TRHR) is a crucial part of the “Asian Water Tower”. Complex atmospheric circulation potentially transports persistent organic pollutants (POPs) into this area. To evaluate the possible ecological risks of POPs in this region, soil and grass samples were collected from the TRHR to assess the levels of organochlorine pollutants (OCPs, a class of POPs) and identify their sources. The results were as follows: 1) the concentrations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) in the soil and grasses within the TRHR ranged from BDL (below detection limits) to 2.32×10⁴ pg∙g⁻¹ (average 3003 pg∙g⁻¹) and from BDL to 2.44×10⁴ pg∙g⁻¹ (average 3539 pg∙g⁻¹), which was relatively higher than the levels in most high-altitude grassland regions worldwide. In contrast, the concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the soil and grasses were comparable to global background levels. 2) OCP levels in the TRHR decreased from east to west. Analyzed by the backward trajectories of air masses, the DDTs in the eastern TRHR primarily originated from the eastern parts of the TP. In addition, scattered local usage may be attributed to the high levels of DDTs in the eastern TRHR. 3) Significant positive relationships were observed between OCPs concentrations and precipitation (P<0.1), and the slope of the relationship between DDT concentrations in soil and 1/T was quite steep (−9×10⁷). The results indicated that both wet deposition and air-soil exchange are key processes of DDT input into the surface ground of the TRHR. The low temperature was because the high altitude “trapped” the POPs in the ground of the TRHR. 4) The bioconcentration factors of OCPs in the TRHR were up to 95, indicating that bioaccumulation of OCPs occurred in grasses. Using the effects range-low and effects range-median (ERL/ERM) methods and the hazard quotient method, the ecological risks of OCPs in the TRHR were assessed as low, whereas the relatively high risks in towns in the eastern TRHR should be studied further. These findings provide valuable insights into eco-environmental protection efforts in the Tibetan Plateau and management strategies for the Three-River Headwater National Park.

Key words: atmospheric transport, bioaccumulation, ecological risk, Tibetan Plateau, Three-River Headwater National Park

中图分类号:

X132
X171.1

闫兴蕊, 龚平, 王小萍, 商立海, 李一农, 毛飞剑, 牛学锐, 张勃. 三江源地区土壤和牧草中的有机氯污染物：分布、来源和生态风险[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(3): 428-438.

YAN Xingrui, GONG Ping, WANG Xiaoping, SHANG Lihai, LI Yinong, MAO Feijian, NIU Xuerui, ZHANG Bo. Organochlorine Pollutants in Soils and Grasses in the Three-River Headwater Region: Distributions, Sources, and Ecological Risks[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(3): 428-438.

图/表 9

参考文献 38

[1]	BARBER J L, SWEETMAN A J, WIJK D V, et al., 2005. Hexachlorobenzene in the global environment: Emissions, levels, distribution, trends and processes[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 349(1-3): 1-44. PMID
[2]	BECKER S, HALSALL C J, TYCH W, et al., 2012. Changing sources and environmental factors reduce the rates of decline of organochlorine pesticides in the Arctic atmosphere[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12(9): 4033-4044.
[3]	BRAUNE B M, OUTRIDGE P M, FISK A T, et al., 2005. Persistent organic pollutants and mercury in marine biota of the Canadian Arctic: An overview of spatial and temporal trends[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 351-352: 4-56. PMID
[4]	CABRERIZO A, MUIR D C G, SILVA A O D, et al., 2018. Legacy and emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in terrestrial compartments in the High Arctic: sorption and secondary sources[J]. Environmental science & technology, 52(24): 14187-14197. DOI URL
[5]	Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 1999. Canadian soil quality guidelines for the protection of environmental and human health: ISBN 1-896997-34-1[S].
[6]	CHEN D Z, LIU W J, LIU X D, et al., 2008. Cold-trapping of persistent organic pollutants in mountain soils of Western Sichuan, China[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 42(24): 9086-9091. DOI URL
[7]	GAI N, PAN J, TANG H, et al., 2014. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in surface soils from Ruoergai high altitude prairie, east edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 478: 90-97. DOI URL
[8]	GONG P, WANG X P, LI S H, et al., 2014. Atmospheric transport and accumulation of organochlorine compounds on the southern slopes of the Himalayas, Nepal[J]. Environmental Pollution, 192: 44-51. DOI PMID
[9]	GONG P, WANG X P, POKHREL B, et al., 2019. Trans-Himalayan transport of organochlorine compounds: three-year observations and model-based flux estimation[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(12): 6773-6783. DOI URL
[10]	GONG P, WANG X P, SHENG J J, et al., 2010. Variations of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in atmosphere of the Tibetan Plateau: role of the monsoon system[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 44(21-22): 2518-2523. DOI URL
[11]	GONG P, WANG X P, XUE Y G, et al., 2023. Foliar uptake of persistent organic pollutants at alpine treeline[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 453: 131388. DOI URL
[12]	GONG P, WANG X P, XUE Y G, et al., 2015. Influence of atmospheric circulation on the long-range transport of organochlorine pesticides to the western Tibetan Plateau[J]. Atmospheric Research, 166: 157-164. DOI URL
[13]	KANG S C, ZHANG Q G, QIAN Y, et al., 2019. Linking atmospheric pollution to cryospheric change in the Third Pole region: current progress and future prospects[J]. National Science Review, 6(4): 796-809. DOI URL
[14]	LI J, LIN T, QI S H, et al, 2008. Evidence of local emission of organochlorine pesticides in the Tibetan plateau[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 42(32): 7397-7404. DOI URL
[15]	LONG E R, MACDONALD D D, SMITH S L, et al., 1995. Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments[J]. Environmental Manage, 19(1): 81-97. DOI URL
[16]	MICHELETTI C, CRITTO A, MARCOMINI A, 2007. Assessment of ecological risk from bioaccumulation of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in a coastal lagoon[J]. Environment International, 33(1): 45-55. PMID
[17]	MUNOZ-ARNANZ J, JIMENEZ B, 2011. New DDT inputs after 30 years of prohibition in Spain. A case study in agricultural soils from south-western Spain[J]. Environmental Pollution, 159(12): 3640-3646. DOI URL
[18]	PAN J, GAI N, TANG H, et al., 2014. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in grass, yak muscle, liver, and milk in Ruoergai high altitude prairie, the eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 491-492: 131-137. DOI URL
[19]	QIU X H, ZHU T, JING L, et al, 2004. Organochlorine pesticides in the air around the Taihu Lake, China[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 38(5): 1368-1374. DOI URL
[20]	REN J, WANG X P, GONG P, et al., 2019, Characterization of Tibetan soil as a source or sink of atmospheric persistent organic pollutants: seasonal shift and impact of global warming[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(7): 3589-3598. DOI URL
[21]	REN J, WANG X P, WANG C F, et al., 2017a. Biomagnification of persistent organic pollutants along a high-altitude aquatic food chain in the Tibetan Plateau: Processes and mechanisms[J]. Environmental Pollution, 220(Part A): 636-643.
[22]	REN J, WANG X P, WANG C F, et al., 2017b. Atmospheric processes of organic pollutants over a remote lake on the central Tibetan Plateau: implications for regional cycling[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17(2): 1401-1415.
[23]	SHENG J J, WANG X P, GONG P, et al., 2013. Monsoon-driven transport of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls to the Tibetan Plateau: Three year atmospheric monitoring study[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(7): 3199-3208. DOI URL
[24]	TREMOLADA P, VILLA S, BAZZARIN P, et al., 2008. POPs in mountain soils from the Alps and Andes: suggestions for a ‘Precipitation Effect’ on altitudinal gradients[J]. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 188(1-4): 93-109. DOI URL
[25]	WANG C F, WANG X P, YUAN X H, et al., 2015. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in air, grass and yak butter from Namco in the central Tibetan Plateau[J]. Environmental Pollution, 201: 50-57. DOI PMID
[26]	WANG X P, GONG P, WANG C F, et al., 2016a. A review of current knowledge and future respects regarding persistent organic pollutants over the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 573: 139-154. DOI URL
[27]	WANG X P, GONG P, YAO T D, et al., 2010. Passive air sampling of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers across the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 44(8): 2988-2993. DOI URL
[28]	WANG X P, REN J, GONG P, et al., 2016b. Spatial distribution of the persistent organic pollutants across the Tibetan Plateau and its linkage with the climate systems: a 5-year air monitoring study[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 16(11): 6901-6911.
[29]	WANG X P, SHENG J J, GONG P, et al., 2012. Persistent organic pollutants in the Tibetan surface soil: Spatial distribution, air-soil exchange and implications for global cycling[J]. Environmental Pollution, 170: 145-151. DOI URL
[30]	WANG X P, YAO T D, CONG Z Y, et al., 2007. Distribution of persistent organic pollutants in soil and grasses around Mt. Qomolangma, China[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 52(2): 153-162. PMID
[31]	WANIA F, HAUGEN G E, YING D, er al., 1998. Temperature dependence of atmospheric concentrations of semivolatile organic compounds[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 32(8): 1013-1021. DOI URL
[32]	XIAO H, SHEN L, SU Y S, et al., 2012. Atmospheric concentrations of halogenated flame retardants at two remote locations: the Canadian high Arctic and the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Environmental Pollution, 161: 154-161. DOI PMID
[33]	龚平, 王小萍, 盛久江, 等, 2013. 运用相对组成探针技术研究青藏高原POPs大气传输与来源[J]. 环境科学研究, 26(4): 350-356.
	GONG P, WANG X P, SHENG J J, et al., 2013. Sources and atmospheric transport of POPs in the Tibetan Plateau using relative composition probe[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 26(4): 350-356.
[34]	贺福全, 陈懂懂, 李奇, 等, 2020. 三江源高寒草地牧草营养时空分布[J]. 生态学报, 40(18): 6304-6313.
	HE F Q, CHEN D D, LI Q, et al., 2020. Temporal and spatial distribution of herbage nutrition in alpine grassland of Sanjiangyuan[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40(18): 6304-6313.
[35]	刘敏超, 李迪强, 温琰茂, 2005. 论三江源自然保护区生物多样性保护[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 19(4): 49-53.
	LIU M C, LI D Q, WEN Y M, 2005. The protection of biological diversity in the Sanjiangyuan nature reserve[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 19(4): 49-53.
[36]	谢婷, 张淑娟, 杨瑞强, 2014. 青藏高原湖泊流域土壤与牧草中多环芳烃和有机氯农药的污染特征与来源解析[J]. 环境科学, 35(7): 2680-2690.
	XIE T, ZHANG S J, YANG R Q, 2014. Contamination levels and source analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in soils and grasses from lake catchments in the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Environmental Science, 35(7): 2680-2690.
[37]	张伟玲, 张干, 祁士华, 等, 2003. 西藏错鄂湖和羊卓雍湖水体及沉积物中有机氯农药的初步研究[J]. 地球化学, 32(4): 363-367.
	ZHANG W L, ZHANG G, QI S H, et al., 2003. A preliminary study of organochlorine pesticides in water and sediments from two Tibetan lakes[J]. Geochimica, 32(4): 363-367. DOI URL
[38]	中国国家环境保护总局, 2018. 土壤环境质量-农用地土壤污染风险管控标准 (试行):GB 15618—2018 [S]. 北京: 中国环境出版集团.
	PRC State Environmental Protection Administration, 2018. Soil environmental quality-Risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land (Trial):GB 15618—2018 [S]. Beijing: China Environmental Publishing Group.

化合物	亨利系数 (Pa∙m³∙mol⁻¹, 298 K)	蒸汽压/ Pa	水中溶解度 (g∙m⁻³, 298 K)	辛醇-空气分配系数(logK_oa, 298 K)	辛醇-水分分配系数(logK_ow, 298 K)
α-HCH	0.55	3×10⁻³	1.51	7.46	3.81
β-HCH	0.036	4×10⁻⁵	0.102	8.64	3.8
γ-HCH	0.24	7.1×10⁻³	7.27	7.75	3.78
p, p′-DDE	4.2	3.4×10⁻³	0.251	9.7	5.95
o, p′DDT	5.6	3.1×10⁻³	8.51×10⁻²	9.45	−
p, p′-DDT	1.1	4.8×10⁻⁴	0.149	9.73	6.16
HCB	65	9.4×10⁻²	4×10⁻⁵	7.38	−

化合物	亨利系数 (Pa∙m³∙mol⁻¹, 298 K)	蒸汽压/ Pa	水中溶解度 (g∙m⁻³, 298 K)	辛醇-空气分配系数(logK_oa, 298 K)	辛醇-水分分配系数(logK_ow, 298 K)
α-HCH	0.55	3×10⁻³	1.51	7.46	3.81
β-HCH	0.036	4×10⁻⁵	0.102	8.64	3.8
γ-HCH	0.24	7.1×10⁻³	7.27	7.75	3.78
p, p′-DDE	4.2	3.4×10⁻³	0.251	9.7	5.95
o, p′DDT	5.6	3.1×10⁻³	8.51×10⁻²	9.45	−
p, p′-DDT	1.1	4.8×10⁻⁴	0.149	9.73	6.16
HCB	65	9.4×10⁻²	4×10⁻⁵	7.38	−

样品类型	研究区	海拔/m	采样时间	w/(pg∙g⁻¹)				参考文献
样品类型	研究区	海拔/m	采样时间	DDTs	HCHs	HCB	PCBs	参考文献
土壤	三江源	3556‒5296	2018	3003±4981 (BDL‒2.32×10⁴)	7.05±21.3 (BDL‒132)	88.2±62.8 (8.79‒307)	1.89±4.13 (BDL‒24.6)	本研究
	纳木措	1920‒5226	2013	13‒7.7×10³	64‒847	24‒564	64‒847	Wang et al., 2015
	若尔盖草原	1740‒3552	2011	290‒5.72×10³	430‒1.06×10⁴	230‒2.6×10³	220‒2.31×10³	Gai et al., 2014
	珠峰地区	4700‒5600	2005	385-6.1×10³				Wang et al., 2007
	意大利阿尔卑斯山	245‒2600	2003	2200±3100 (180-1.1×10⁴)	510±620 (<10-1.88×10³)	240±240 (<20-930)	1380±450 (610-8.9×10³)	Tremolada et al., 2008
	秘鲁安第斯山	3710‒4790	2004	510±510 (20-1.65×10³)	<10	20±30 (<20-70)	80±140 (<10-440)	Tremolada et al., 2008
牧草	三江源	3556‒5296	2018	3539±6437 (BDL‒2.44×10⁴)	42.4±147 (BDL‒776)	545±437 (20.9‒1.6×10³)	41.9±75.3 (BDL‒356)	本研究
	纳木措	1920‒5226	2013	233±150 （BDL‒684）	114±83 （10‒409）	95±50 (4‒227)	25±24 (BDL‒172)	Wang et al., 2015
	若尔盖草原	3200‒3600	2011	2860±1010 (1.6×10³‒6×10³)	1380±450 (820‒2.45×10³)	720±220 (400‒1.01×10³)	1180±360 (710‒2.04×10³)	Pan et al., 2014
	珠峰地区	4700‒5600	2005	1.08×10³‒7×10³	386‒8.03×10³	16‒1.25×10³		Wang et al., 2007
	加拿大北部		2015‒2016	5.8‒13.1	57‒218	BDL‒515	277‒680	Cabrerizo et al., 2018

样品类型	研究区	海拔/m	采样时间	w/(pg∙g⁻¹)				参考文献
样品类型	研究区	海拔/m	采样时间	DDTs	HCHs	HCB	PCBs	参考文献
土壤	三江源	3556‒5296	2018	3003±4981 (BDL‒2.32×10⁴)	7.05±21.3 (BDL‒132)	88.2±62.8 (8.79‒307)	1.89±4.13 (BDL‒24.6)	本研究
	纳木措	1920‒5226	2013	13‒7.7×10³	64‒847	24‒564	64‒847	Wang et al., 2015
	若尔盖草原	1740‒3552	2011	290‒5.72×10³	430‒1.06×10⁴	230‒2.6×10³	220‒2.31×10³	Gai et al., 2014
	珠峰地区	4700‒5600	2005	385-6.1×10³				Wang et al., 2007
	意大利阿尔卑斯山	245‒2600	2003	2200±3100 (180-1.1×10⁴)	510±620 (<10-1.88×10³)	240±240 (<20-930)	1380±450 (610-8.9×10³)	Tremolada et al., 2008
	秘鲁安第斯山	3710‒4790	2004	510±510 (20-1.65×10³)	<10	20±30 (<20-70)	80±140 (<10-440)	Tremolada et al., 2008
牧草	三江源	3556‒5296	2018	3539±6437 (BDL‒2.44×10⁴)	42.4±147 (BDL‒776)	545±437 (20.9‒1.6×10³)	41.9±75.3 (BDL‒356)	本研究
	纳木措	1920‒5226	2013	233±150 （BDL‒684）	114±83 （10‒409）	95±50 (4‒227)	25±24 (BDL‒172)	Wang et al., 2015
	若尔盖草原	3200‒3600	2011	2860±1010 (1.6×10³‒6×10³)	1380±450 (820‒2.45×10³)	720±220 (400‒1.01×10³)	1180±360 (710‒2.04×10³)	Pan et al., 2014
	珠峰地区	4700‒5600	2005	1.08×10³‒7×10³	386‒8.03×10³	16‒1.25×10³		Wang et al., 2007
	加拿大北部		2015‒2016	5.8‒13.1	57‒218	BDL‒515	277‒680	Cabrerizo et al., 2018

变量组合	参数	DDTs	HCHs	HCB	PCBs
土壤含量×经度	r²	0.12**²⁾
土壤含量×经度	斜率	861
土壤含量×纬度	r²	0.11**
土壤含量×纬度	斜率	−2104
牧草含量×经度	r²		0.31**	0.12*	0.2**
牧草含量×经度	斜率		56.5	75.6	16.8
土壤含量×土壤TOC	r²	0.27**
土壤含量×土壤TOC	斜率	12.1
土壤含量×1/T	r²	0.24**
土壤含量×1/T	斜率	−9×10⁷
土壤含量×降水量	r²	0.14**
土壤含量×降水量	斜率	7.66
牧草含量×降水量	r²	0.19* ¹⁾	0.39**
牧草含量×降水量	斜率	12.5	0.472
土壤含量×海拔	r²	0.07*
土壤含量×海拔	斜率	−3.97
牧草含量×海拔	r²		0.55**
牧草含量×海拔	斜率		−0.632

三江源地区土壤和牧草中的有机氯污染物：分布、来源和生态风险

Organochlorine Pollutants in Soils and Grasses in the Three-River Headwater Region: Distributions, Sources, and Ecological Risks

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 38

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

污染物	标准值/(ng∙g⁻¹)		三江源东部			三江源中部			三江源西部
污染物	ERL	ERM	I类*¹⁾	II类	III类	I类	II类	III类	I类	II类	III类
p, p′-DDE	2.2	27	100	0	0	100	0	0	100	0	0
DDTs	1.58	46.1	33	67	0	77	23	0	88	12	0
污染物	环境质量标准/(ng∙g⁻¹)		I_hq			I_hq			I_hq
DDTs	100		0.002‒0.23			ND**²⁾‒0.13			ND‒0.02
HCHs	100		ND‒2.7×10⁻⁴			ND‒4.2×10⁻⁵			1.3×10⁻⁵‒1.8×10⁻⁴
PCBs	131‒2.79×10⁴		ND‒2.8×10⁻⁶			ND‒6.3×10⁻⁶			ND‒5.3×10⁻⁵

[1]	陈鸿展, 区晖, 叶四化, 张倩华, 周树杰, 麦磊. 珠江广州段水体微塑料的时空分布特征及生态风险评估[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(9): 1663-1672.
[2]	陈懂懂, 霍莉莉, 赵亮, 陈昕, 舒敏, 贺福全, 张煜坤, 张莉, 李奇. 青海高寒草地水热因子对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮空间变异的贡献——基于增强回归树模型[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(7): 1207-1217.
[3]	李惠梅, 李荣杰, 晏旭昇, 武非非, 高泽兵, 谭永忠. 青海湖流域生态风险评价及生态功能分区研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(7): 1185-1195.
[4]	胡习邦, 关晓彤, 谢紫霞, 张修玉. 农用地土壤中邻苯二甲酸二乙基已基酯的污染现状及生态风险评估[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(12): 2083-2093.
[5]	陈敏毅, 宋清梅, 叶权运, 游学睿, 吴颖欣. 华南典型金属制品遗留生产场地重金属空间分布特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(12): 2228-2235.
[6]	黄世聪, 陈丽珂, 张政杰, 陈科华, 陈澄宇, 曾巧云. 四环素对不同品种蔬菜毒性阈值及其敏感性分布[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(11): 1988-1995.
[7]	韩迁, 张玉娇, 赖承钺, 杨璐瑶, 孟旭. 成都市河流中四环素、喹诺酮类抗生素污染特征及生态风险评价[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(11): 1922-1932.
[8]	刘安, 吴昊, 何贝贝. 陆地环境中纳米塑料毒性效应的研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(11): 2030-2040.
[9]	童银栋, 黄兰兰, 杨宁, 张奕妍, 李子芃, 邵波. 全球水体微囊藻毒素分布特征及其潜在环境风险分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(1): 129-138.
[10]	李秀华, 赵玲, 滕应, 骆永明, 黄标, 刘冲, 刘本乐, 赵其国. 贵州汞矿区周边农田土壤汞镉复合污染特征空间分布及风险评估[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(8): 1629-1636.
[11]	罗松英, 李秋霞, 邱锦坤, 邓素炎, 李一锋, 陈碧珊. 南三岛土壤-红树植物系统中重金属形态特征及迁移转化规律[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(7): 1409-1416.
[12]	吉冰静, 刘艺, 吴杨, 高淑涛, 曾祥英, 于志强. 长江口及邻近东海沉积物中多环芳烃和含氧多环芳烃的分布特征、来源及生态风险[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(7): 1400-1408.
[13]	朱立安, 张会化, 程炯, 李婷, 林梓, 李俊杰. 珠江三角洲林业用地土壤重金属潜在生态风险格局分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(6): 1253-1262.
[14]	彭红丽, 谭海霞, 王颖, 魏建梅, 冯阳. 不同种植模式下土壤重金属形态分布差异与生态风险评价[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(6): 1235-1243.
[15]	杨冲, 王春燕, 王文颖, 毛旭峰, 周华坤, 陈哲, 索南吉, 靳磊, 马华清. 青藏高原黄河源区高寒草地土壤营养特征变化及质量评价[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(5): 896-908.