生态环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 469-480.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.03.005

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

粤港澳大湾区城市生态效率时空演变及影响因素

何艳虎1,2,*(), 龚镇杰1, 吴海彬1, 蔡宴朋1,2, 杨志峰1,2, 陈晓宏3   

  1. 1.广东工业大学生态环境与资源学院/大湾区城市环境安全与绿色发展教育部重点实验室,广东 广州 510006
    2.广东省流域水环境治理与水生态修复重点实验室,广东 广州 510006
    3.中山大学水资源与环境研究中心,广东 广州 510275
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-22 出版日期:2023-03-18 发布日期:2023-06-02
  • 通讯作者: *何艳虎
  • 作者简介:何艳虎(1985年生),男,教授,博士,研究方向为水文模拟与水资源合理配置。E-mail: heyanhu456@gdut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51979043);广东省重点研发计划项目(2020B1111380003);水利部粤港澳大湾区水安全保障重点实验室开放研究基金项目(WSGBA-KJ202302);广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515010723);广东省珠江人才计划引进创新创业团队项目(2019ZT08L213)

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Urban Eco-efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

HE Yanhu1,2,*(), GONG Zhenjie1, WU Haibin1, CAI Yanpeng1,2, YANG Zhifeng1,2, CHEN Xiaohong3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education/School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
    2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
    3. Center for Water Resources and Environment, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
  • Received:2022-04-22 Online:2023-03-18 Published:2023-06-02

摘要:

城市生态效率是反映城市发展水平和质量的重要指标,也是绿色可持续发展与生态文明建设成果的重要体现。粤港澳大湾区是中国经济最活跃地区和重要增长极,人口聚集、产业发达,拥有媲美世界一流湾区的优越条件以及成为世界一流城市群的潜力。基于粤港澳大湾区城市2006-2018年面板统计数据,运用Super-SBM模型对湾区城市生态效率值进行测算与评价,结合ArcGIS空间分析方法揭示湾区城市生态效率的时空演变特征,并通过定义空间权重矩阵和构建空间误差模型来识别湾区城市生态效率的主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)湾区城市生态效率在2006-2018年期间均值为1.557,处于中等偏下水平,仍有较大提升空间;(2)湾区城市生态效率区域差异较大,就各城市生态效率均值来看,香港、澳门与深圳大于2,广州、佛山与珠海在1-2之间,东莞、惠州、江门、肇庆与中山小于湾区平均值;(3)香港、澳门、深圳等高生态效率城市对邻接地区产生较强的辐射效应,肇庆、东莞、中山、惠州、江门等低生态效率城市邻接地区的城市生态效率也低。总体上,湾区城市生态效率整体呈现先下降、后上升的趋势,绝大部分处于中低水平,且存在显著的全局空间聚集效应;科学技术支出、人均GDP和利用外资情况是湾区城市生态效率时空演变的主要影响因素,三者对城市生态效率的作用从强到弱,科学技术支出与湾区城市生态效率呈现正相关。研究成果可为制定针对性的湾区城市生态效率提升策略提供科学依据。

关键词: 粤港澳大湾区, 城市生态效率, 时空演变, 影响因素, 空间计量模型, 空间集聚

Abstract:

Urban eco-efficiency (UEE) is an important indicator that reflects the level and quality of urban development, as well as the achievements of green and sustainable economic development and ecological civilization construction. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GD-HK-MA GBA) is the most dynamic economic area and an important growth pole in China. With a dense population and developed industries, it enjoys the advantages of being on a par with the world-class bay area and has the potential to become a world-class city cluster. In this paper, 11 cities in the GD-HK-MA GBA were chosen as the research objects. The Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) model was applied to measure and evaluate the UEE of the GD-HK-MA GBA; the Kernel density function and the spatial autocorrelation analysis method were used to detect the spatial and temporal evolution of UEE of the GD-HK-MA GBA. The main influencing factors of the UEE of the GD-HK-MA GBA were identified by defining the spatial weight matrix and constructing the spatial econometric model, and the influence of external environment on the UEE was explained. The results showed that (1) the average UEE of the GD-HK-MA GBA was 1.5574 from 2006 to 2018, indicating that the UEE of the GD-HK-MA GBA was at a medium-low level and there was still much room for improvement; (2) The regional difference of the UEE was large. The annual average UEE of Hong Kong, Macao and Shenzhen was greater than 2, the annual average UEE of Guangzhou, Foshan and Zhuhai was between 1 and 2, and the annual average UEE of Dongguan, Huizhou, Jiangmen, Zhaoqing and Zhongshan was less than the average of GD-HK-MA GBA; (3) Hong Kong, Macao, Shenzhen, with higher UEE, had strong radiation effects on adjacent areas, such as Zhuhai adjacent to Macau, Foshan, adjacent to Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and adjacent to Hong Kong. Overall, the trend of urban eco-efficiency in the GD-HK-MA GBA was decreasing first and then increasing. Most of the UEE of the GD-HK-MA GBA was at a medium-low level, and there was a significant global spatial aggregation effect of UEE in the Bay Area. Science and technology spending index, per capita GDP and the total use of foreign capital were the three important factors that affect UEE, and science and technology spending index were positively correlated with UEE.

Key words: Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, urban eco-efficiency, space-time evolution, influencing factors, spatial econometric model, spatial agglomeration

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