吉林省湿地生态系统固碳和释氧服务功能分析

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.12.010

生态环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 2351-2359.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.12.010

吉林省湿地生态系统固碳和释氧服务功能分析

马琼芳¹(), 燕红¹, 李伟², 赵欣胜², 陈玲¹, 张超凡¹, 李杰玲¹^,^*()

1.吉林省林业科学研究院,吉林长春 130033
2.中国林业科学研究院,北京 100091

收稿日期:2021-02-21 出版日期:2021-12-18 发布日期:2022-01-04
通讯作者: *E-mail: 157602108@qq.com
作者简介:马琼芳（1984年）,女,副研究员,博士,研究方向为湿地生态学。E-mail: youzi841128@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500407-1);吉林省林业厅科技项目(2018-002);吉林省林业厅科技项目(2015-004);吉林省公益性科研院所科研项目(GY-2020-06);林业科技创新平台运行补助项目(2020132032)

Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release Function of Wetland Ecosystem in Jilin Province

MA Qiongfang¹(), YAN Hong¹, LI Wei², ZHAO Xinsheng², CHEN Ling¹, ZHANG Chaofan¹, LI Jieling¹^,^*()

1. Academy of Forestry of Jilin Province, Changchun 130033, China
2. Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2021-02-21 Online:2021-12-18 Published:2022-01-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

固碳释氧是湿地最重要的生态系统服务之一。为了科学评估吉林省湿地生态系统固碳和释氧能力,以更好地保护湿地,采用实测生物量数据、湿地小班数据、TM遥感数据及相关统计数据,通过遥感反演、碳税价值法、市场价值法等方法进行估算,评估吉林省湿地生态系统固碳和释氧的服务功能。结果表明,吉林省湿地生态系统年固碳量为87.09×10⁴ t,年释氧量为35.97×10⁴ t,表现为较强的碳汇。各地区年固碳释氧能力以白城市和松原市较高,辽源市、通化市及四平市湿地年固碳释氧能力相对较低。在各湿地类型中,沼泽湿地年固碳量和年释氧量最高,分别为54.39×10⁴ t和20.15×10⁴ t;河流湿地年固碳量和年释氧量分别为17.62×10⁴ t和8.52×10⁴ t;人工湿地年固碳量和年释氧量分别为8.33×10⁴ t和4.48×10⁴ t,湖泊湿地年固碳量和年释氧量最小,分别为6.75×10⁴ t和2.82×10⁴ t。吉林省湿地年固碳释氧价值为105.5亿元,其中固碳价值为71.38亿元,释氧价值为34.12亿元。与第一次评估相比,吉林省湿地固碳释氧功能呈增加的趋势,西部地区湿地贡献率较大,其中季节性咸水沼泽和内陆盐沼固碳量和释氧量增加最为明显,湿地保护与恢复项目的建设和各大水利工程的实施可能是西部地区湿地固碳释氧能力增加的主要原因。继续加强对吉林省湿地的保护,有利于湿地生态系统充分发挥调节大气组分的能力。

关键词: 固碳量, 释氧量, 价值估算, 生物量, 遥感

Abstract:

Carbon sequestration and oxygen release is one of the most important services provided by the wetland ecosystem. In order to evaluate the carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacity of the wetland ecosystem in Jilin Province scientifically, and to protect the wetlands better, the biomass data, wetland survey data, TM remote sensing data and related statistical data are used in this study to evaluate through remote sensing inversion, carbon tax value method, and market value method. The results of the study show that the annual carbon sequestration of the wetland ecosystem in Jilin Province is 870900 t and the annual oxygen release is 359700 t. As for different areas, the annual carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacity of the wetland in Baicheng and Songyuan is higher, while it is relatively lower in Liaoyuan, Tonghua and Siping. Among the different wetland types, the annual carbon sequestration and annual oxygen release are highest in the marsh with 543900 t and 201500 t respectively, they are 176200 t and 85200 t respectively in the riverine, they are 83300 t and 44800 t respectively in the constructed wetland, and they are lowest in the lacustrine with 67500 t and 28200 t respectively. The value of annual carbon sequestration and oxygen release of the wetland in Jilin Province is 10.55 billion yuan with 7.14 billion yuan and 3.41 billion yuan respectively. Compared with the first assessment, the carbon sequestration and oxygen release functions of the wetland in Jilin Province are increasing, and the contribution of the wetland in the western area is higher. The carbon sequestration and oxygen release quantities in the seasonal marine swamp and the inland marine swamp increase most obviously. The wetland protection, the construction of restoration projects and the implementation of major water conservancy projects may be the main reasons for the increase in the carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacity of the wetland in the western area. Therefore, the continued strengthening of the wetland protection in Jilin Province will help the wetland ecosystem to full play its ability to regulate atmospheric components.

Key words: carbon sequestration, oxygen release, value estimation, biomass, remote sensing

中图分类号:

X144
X171.1

马琼芳, 燕红, 李伟, 赵欣胜, 陈玲, 张超凡, 李杰玲. 吉林省湿地生态系统固碳和释氧服务功能分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(12): 2351-2359.

MA Qiongfang, YAN Hong, LI Wei, ZHAO Xinsheng, CHEN Ling, ZHANG Chaofan, LI Jieling. Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release Function of Wetland Ecosystem in Jilin Province[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2021, 30(12): 2351-2359.

图/表 8

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序号 Serial number	模型 Model	复相关系数R Multiple correlation coefficient	显著性 Significance	相对误差 Relative error/%
1	B=591.467+ 77.529lnNDVI	0.162	0.067	19.15
2	B=482.968- 3.852/NDVI	0.096	0.281	34.26
3	lnB=EXP(5.987- 0.01/NDVI)	0.106	0.23	35.73
4	ln(1/B)=0.282 NDVI+0.003S	0.167	0.059	15.24
5	B=314.635+ 744.716NDVI	0.323	0.011	10.15
6	B=531.916- 706890/b₂	0.025	0.78	66.43
7	B=0.013b₃+ 338.545	0.05	0.573	34.29
8	lnB=lnb₃+61.038	0.034	0.706	50.36
9	B=760.165NDVI+0.041b₃-0.01b₄+ 28.782	0.247	0.048	21.47
10	B=612.231- 17.389lnb₄	0.01	0.914	67.54
11	lnB=322.601b₄	0.032	0.72	58.31

序号 Serial number	模型 Model	复相关系数R Multiple correlation coefficient	显著性 Significance	相对误差 Relative error/%
1	B=591.467+ 77.529lnNDVI	0.162	0.067	19.15
2	B=482.968- 3.852/NDVI	0.096	0.281	34.26
3	lnB=EXP(5.987- 0.01/NDVI)	0.106	0.23	35.73
4	ln(1/B)=0.282 NDVI+0.003S	0.167	0.059	15.24
5	B=314.635+ 744.716NDVI	0.323	0.011	10.15
6	B=531.916- 706890/b₂	0.025	0.78	66.43
7	B=0.013b₃+ 338.545	0.05	0.573	34.29
8	lnB=lnb₃+61.038	0.034	0.706	50.36
9	B=760.165NDVI+0.041b₃-0.01b₄+ 28.782	0.247	0.048	21.47
10	B=612.231- 17.389lnb₄	0.01	0.914	67.54
11	lnB=322.601b₄	0.032	0.72	58.31

湿地类型 Wetland types		固碳量 Carbon sequestration/ (10⁴ t)	单位面积固碳量 Carbon sequestration per unit area/(t·hm^-2)	释氧量 Oxygen release/ (10⁴ t)	单位面积释氧量 Oxygen release per unit area/ (t·hm^-2)	固碳释氧量 Carbon sequestration and oxygen release/(10⁴ t)	单位面积固碳释氧量 Carbon sequestration and oxygen release per unit area/(t·hm^-2)
河流湿地 Riverine	永久性河流 Permanent river	13.42	0.80	6.48	0.39	19.90	1.19
	季节性河流 Seasonal river	0.56	0.97	0.24	0.42	0.80	1.39
	洪泛平原湿地 Flood plain wetland	3.64	0.73	1.8	0.36	5.44	1.09
湖泊湿地 Lacustrine	永久性淡水湖 Permanent freshwater lake	2.99	0.56	1.28	0.24	4.27	0.80
	永久性咸水湖 Permanent saltwater lake	3.33	0.65	1.36	0.27	4.69	0.92
	季节性咸水湖 Seasonal saltwater lake	0.43	0.62	0.18	0.26	0.61	0.88
沼泽湿地 Marsh	草本沼泽 Marsh	8.23	1.08	2.81	0.37	11.04	1.45
	灌丛沼泽 Swamp	2.26	1.12	0.78	0.39	3.04	1.51
	森林沼泽 Forest swamp	3.41	1.18	1.34	0.46	4.75	1.64
	内陆盐沼 Inland salt marsh	10.83	0.97	4.69	0.42	15.52	1.39
	季节性咸水沼泽 Seasonal saltwater swamp	24.67	1.00	8.98	0.36	33.65	1.36
	沼泽化草甸 Swamp meadow	4.99	1.17	1.55	0.36	6.54	1.53
人工湿地 Constructed wetland	库塘 Pond	7.96	0.62	4.35	0.34	12.31	0.96
	输水河 Water river	0.29	0.72	0.09	0.22	0.38	0.94
	水产养殖场 Aquaculture farm	0.08	0.51	0.04	0.26	0.12	0.77
总计 Total		87.09		35.97		123.06

湿地类型 Wetland types		固碳量 Carbon sequestration/ (10⁴ t)	单位面积固碳量 Carbon sequestration per unit area/(t·hm^-2)	释氧量 Oxygen release/ (10⁴ t)	单位面积释氧量 Oxygen release per unit area/ (t·hm^-2)	固碳释氧量 Carbon sequestration and oxygen release/(10⁴ t)	单位面积固碳释氧量 Carbon sequestration and oxygen release per unit area/(t·hm^-2)
河流湿地 Riverine	永久性河流 Permanent river	13.42	0.80	6.48	0.39	19.90	1.19
	季节性河流 Seasonal river	0.56	0.97	0.24	0.42	0.80	1.39
	洪泛平原湿地 Flood plain wetland	3.64	0.73	1.8	0.36	5.44	1.09
湖泊湿地 Lacustrine	永久性淡水湖 Permanent freshwater lake	2.99	0.56	1.28	0.24	4.27	0.80
	永久性咸水湖 Permanent saltwater lake	3.33	0.65	1.36	0.27	4.69	0.92
	季节性咸水湖 Seasonal saltwater lake	0.43	0.62	0.18	0.26	0.61	0.88
沼泽湿地 Marsh	草本沼泽 Marsh	8.23	1.08	2.81	0.37	11.04	1.45
	灌丛沼泽 Swamp	2.26	1.12	0.78	0.39	3.04	1.51
	森林沼泽 Forest swamp	3.41	1.18	1.34	0.46	4.75	1.64
	内陆盐沼 Inland salt marsh	10.83	0.97	4.69	0.42	15.52	1.39
	季节性咸水沼泽 Seasonal saltwater swamp	24.67	1.00	8.98	0.36	33.65	1.36
	沼泽化草甸 Swamp meadow	4.99	1.17	1.55	0.36	6.54	1.53
人工湿地 Constructed wetland	库塘 Pond	7.96	0.62	4.35	0.34	12.31	0.96
	输水河 Water river	0.29	0.72	0.09	0.22	0.38	0.94
	水产养殖场 Aquaculture farm	0.08	0.51	0.04	0.26	0.12	0.77
总计 Total		87.09		35.97		123.06

湿地类型 Wetland types		固碳量 Carbon sequestration/(10⁴ t)			释氧量 Oxygen release/(10⁴ t)
湿地类型 Wetland types		第一次 First evaluation	第二次 Second evaluation	变化量 Amount of change	第一次 First evaluation	第二次 Second evaluation	变化量 Amount of change
河流湿地 Riverine	永久性河流 Permanent river	7.00	13.42	6.42	2.48	6.48	4.00
	季节性河流 Seasonal river	0.24	0.56	0.32	0.10	0.24	0.14
	洪泛平原湿地 Flood plain wetland	1.31	3.64	2.33	0.54	1.80	1.26
湖泊湿地 Lacustrine	永久性淡水湖 Permanent freshwater lake	1.03	2.99	1.96	0.42	1.28	0.86
	永久性咸水湖 Permanent saltwater lake	1.13	3.33	2.20	0.47	1.36	0.89
	季节性咸水湖 Seasonal saltwater lake	0.19	0.43	0.24	0.08	0.18	0.10
沼泽湿地 Marsh	草本沼泽 Marsh	2.45	8.23	5.78	1.76	2.81	1.05
	灌丛沼泽 Swamp	0.74	2.26	1.52	0.30	0.78	0.48
	森林沼泽 Forest swamp	1.15	3.41	2.26	0.47	1.34	0.87
	内陆盐沼 Inland salt marsh	2.42	10.83	8.41	1.16	4.69	3.53
	季节性咸水沼泽 Seasonal saltwater swamp	7.21	24.67	17.46	2.48	8.98	6.50
	沼泽化草甸 Swamp meadow	1.58	4.99	3.41	0.65	1.55	0.90
人工湿地 Artificial wetland	库塘 Pond	2.98	7.96	4.98	1.23	4.35	3.12
	输水河 Water river	0.13	0.29	0.16	0.06	0.09	0.03
	水产养殖场 Aquaculture farm	0.04	0.08	0.04	0.02	0.04	0.02
总计 Total		29.59	87.09	57.50	12.22	35.97	23.75

吉林省湿地生态系统固碳和释氧服务功能分析

Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release Function of Wetland Ecosystem in Jilin Province

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功能项 Function item	河流湿地 Riverine	湖泊湿地 Lacustrine	沼泽湿地 Marsh	人工湿地 Constructed wetland	总计 Total
固碳量 Carbon sequestration/ (10⁴ t)	17.62	6.75	54.39	8.33	87.09
释氧量 Oxygen release/(10⁴ t）	8.52	2.82	20.15	4.48	35.97

地区 Administrative region	固碳量 Carbon sequestration/10⁴t			释氧量 Oxygen release/10⁴t
地区 Administrative region	第一次 First evaluation	第二次 Second evaluation	变化量 Amount of change	第一次 First evaluation	第二次 Second evaluation	变化量 Amount of change
白城市 Baicheng City	12.02	35.38	23.36	4.62	13.60	8.98
白山市 Baishan City	0.90	2.64	1.74	0.45	1.34	0.88
长春市 Changchun City	1.60	4.70	3.10	0.69	2.02	1.33
吉林市 Jilin City	2.55	7.49	4.95	1.18	3.47	2.29
辽源市 Liaoyuan City	0.25	0.75	0.49	0.11	0.34	0.22
四平市 Siping City	0.82	2.40	1.58	0.39	1.14	0.75
松原市 Songyuan City	7.03	20.70	13.66	2.70	7.96	5.25
通化市 Tonghua City	0.78	2.28	1.51	0.38	1.13	0.74
延边州 Yanbian Prefecture	3.65	10.75	7.10	1.70	4.99	3.30

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