生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 610-620.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.03.020
收稿日期:
2021-12-13
出版日期:
2022-03-18
发布日期:
2022-05-25
作者简介:
刘沙沙(1986年生),女,讲师,博士,研究方向为污染环境的微生物修复。E-mail: 2657222877@qq.com
基金资助:
LIU Shasha(), CHEN Nuo, YANG Xiaoyin
Received:
2021-12-13
Online:
2022-03-18
Published:
2022-05-25
摘要:
微塑料能与有机污染物发生相互作用,可改变有机污染物对生物的毒性效应。已有的文献主要总结微塑料对有机污染物吸附/解吸或二者对生物的复合毒性效应某一方面的研究,缺乏对这两部分内容的系统归纳。文章概括了微塑料特性、环境因素和有机污染物的种类/性质对吸附-解吸的影响:微塑料的分子结构、官能团和结晶度等影响其对有机污染物的吸附和解吸行为;微塑料对有机污染物的吸附/解吸量随粒径的减小而增大;老化过程分别增强和降低微塑料对亲水性和疏水性有机污染物的吸附-解吸效果;微塑料对有机污染物的吸附量随温度、pH和盐度的升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势;含有苯环结构、疏水性强的有机污染物容易吸附在微塑料表面。文章还归纳了微塑料-有机污染物在生物个体、细胞和分子层面上诱发的毒性效应:微塑料会增强或削减有机污染物对水生生物的生长繁殖、免疫系统、活性氧和基因表达等的影响;微塑料的载体作用可促进植物对有机污染物的吸收和转运,对植物的生长、光合作用和防御系统具有协同毒性效应;微塑料与有机污染物联合作用下,微生物的胞外分泌物、细胞生长、结构和功能都会发生变化;微塑料会增强或减弱有机污染物在蚯蚓体内的富集,并诱发蚯蚓的基因表达异常、氧化应激反应和代谢产物的变化等。未来需结合实际环境状况来分析微塑料对有机污染物的吸附-解吸行为,从基因、蛋白质及代谢水平上研究微塑料-有机污染物的联合毒性作用,并探讨塑料添加剂在毒性效应中的贡献。
中图分类号:
刘沙沙, 陈诺, 杨晓茵. 微塑料对有机污染物的吸附-解吸特性及其复合毒性效应研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(3): 610-620.
LIU Shasha, CHEN Nuo, YANG Xiaoyin. Research Progress on Adsorption-Desorption Characteristics of Organic Pollutants by Microplastics and Their Combined Toxic Effects[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(3): 610-620.
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