宁杞1号枸杞健康株与根腐病患病株的土壤微生物群落和功能差异

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.09.007

生态环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 1831-1841.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.09.007

所属专题：生物多样性专题汇编

宁杞1号枸杞健康株与根腐病患病株的土壤微生物群落和功能差异

贾晨波(), 郭洋, 马成莲, 苏建宇, 徐春燕()

宁夏大学生命科学学院/西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2020-02-09 出版日期:2021-09-18 发布日期:2021-12-08
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: xcy@nxu.edu.cn
作者简介:贾晨波（1994年生）,男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为微生物资源开发与利用。E-mail: jcb101003@163.com
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC02010)

Difference on Soil Microbial Community and Function of Healthy and Diseased Plants of Lycium barbarum Ningqi-1

JIA Chenbo(), GUO Yang, MA Chenglian, SU Jianyu, XU Chunyan()

School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2020-02-09 Online:2021-09-18 Published:2021-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根腐病严重制约着枸杞产业的发展,而土壤微生物多样性和物种组成的变化与植株根腐病的发生有密切的关系,因此了解宁夏枸杞根腐病发生与根表、根际和根围土壤微生物群落结构的关系十分必要。应用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对枸杞健康株和根腐病患病株的根表、根际及根围土壤中16S rDNA V3+V4区和ITS1片段进行测序,将结果质控后比对相关数据库进行注释和分析。真菌群落中丰度最高的门和属分别是子囊菌门（Ascomycota）和镰刀菌属（Fusarium）,细菌群落中优势门依次为放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）,节杆菌属（Arthrobacter）是丰度最高且在根表的丰度显著高于根际和根围土壤,根表、根际和根围3个部位的优势物种组成和占比均不相同。健康株根表的真菌群落丰富度、多样性及均匀度指数均高于患病株（P<0.05）,而二者的细菌群落α多样性指数无显著差异。功能预测也同样表明健康株和患病株之间的土壤细菌群落功能差异较小,真菌群落中镰刀菌属的功能丰度较高,其在患病株根表和根际的丰度均大于健康株。综上,枸杞健康株和患病株之间,各样品中真菌群落多样性的差异比细菌群落大,二者根表真菌的差异最显著,患病株根表和根际的镰刀菌属的占比和功能丰度最大。该研究分别从土壤真菌和细菌两个角度阐述了宁杞1号枸杞健康株和根腐病患病株的土壤微生物群落和功能的差异,对宁夏枸杞根腐病的认识具有重要意义。

关键词: 枸杞, 根腐病, 高通量测序, 微生物多样性, 群落结构, 功能预测

Abstract:

Root rot seriously restricts the development of Lycium barbarum industry. The changes of soil microbial diversity and species composition are closely related to the occurrence of plant root rot. It is essential to know the relationship between the occurrence of root rot of Lycium barbarum with the microbial composition in rhizoplane, rhizosphere and root zone soil. The 16S rDNA “V3+V4” region and ITS1 fragment of the total soil DNA from the rhizoplane, rhizosphere and root zone of the diseased and healthy plants were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. Then the sequencing results were quality controlled and aligned with the relevant databases for annotation and analysis. The dominant phylum and genus in the fungal community were Ascomycota and Fusarium, respectively. The dominant phyla in the bacterial community were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi. Arthrobacter was the dominant genus, and its abundance in rhizoplane was significantly higher than that in the rhizosphere and root zone soil. The composition or proportion of dominant species in rhizoplane, rhizosphere and root zone were quite different. The fungal communities richness, diversity and evenness in the rhizoplane of healthy plants were higher than that in the diseased plants (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in α diversity index between the healthy and diseased plants. Functional prediction showed that there was little difference between the healthy and diseased plants in the bacterial community. The functional abundance of Fusarium was higher in the rhizoplane and rhizosphere of the diseased plants than that in the healthy plants. In all, there was great difference of fungal community diversity between the healthy and diseased plants, which has the most significant effect on rhizoplane fungi. Fusarium, the most dominant taxon in the rhizoplane and rhizosphere soils of the diseased plants, had the highest functional abundance. This study mainly discussed the differences of soil microbial community and function between the healthy and the diseased Lycium barbarum of Ningqi-1, which was of great significance to understand the root rot of Lycium barbarum in Ningxia.

Key words: Lycium barbarum, root rot, high-throughput sequencing, microbial diversity, community structure, function prediction

中图分类号:

S154.1
X17

贾晨波, 郭洋, 马成莲, 苏建宇, 徐春燕. 宁杞1号枸杞健康株与根腐病患病株的土壤微生物群落和功能差异[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(9): 1831-1841.

JIA Chenbo, GUO Yang, MA Chenglian, SU Jianyu, XU Chunyan. Difference on Soil Microbial Community and Function of Healthy and Diseased Plants of Lycium barbarum Ningqi-1[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2021, 30(9): 1831-1841.

图/表 8

表1 微生物群落的Alpha多样性指数

Table 1 Alpha diversity index of the microbial communities

样品 Samples			Sobs指数 Sobs index	Shannoneven指数 Shannoneven index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	覆盖度 Coverage
真菌 Fungi	根表 Rhizoplane	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	486.33±18.77a	0.63±0.35b	3.87±0.20a	0.99
	根表 Rhizoplane	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	411.00±1.00bc	0.54±0.03c	3.33±0.09b	0.99
	根际 Rhizosphere	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	502.50±49.74a	0.66±0.01ab	4.13±0.14a	0.99
	根际 Rhizosphere	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	438.00±7.00b	0.64±0.03b	3.93±0.19a	0.99
	根围 Root zone	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	387.33±15.04bc	0.69±0.18a	3.93±0.33a	0.99
	根围 Root zone	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	400.00±15.04c	0.57±0.01c	3.37±0.17b	0.99
细菌 Bacteria	根表 Rhizoplane	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	2170.67±142.00bc	0.72±0.06b	5.81±0.07b	0.96
	根表 Rhizoplane	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	1998.67±223.72c	0.69±0.09b	5.68±0.02b	0.97
	根际 Rhizosphere	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	2601.33±110.25a	0.82±0.03a	6.41±0.24a	0.96
	根际 Rhizosphere	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	2568.33±180.07a	0.82±0.01a	6.40±0.14a	0.96
	根围 Root zone	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	2387.33±31.01ab	0.81±0.01a	6.28±0.04a	0.96
	根围 Root zone	患病株 Diseased 健康株 Healthy	2439.33±272.79ab	0.80±0.01a	6.26±0.16a	0.96

图1 基于OTU水平的Venn图为根表真菌,图B为根际真菌,图C为根围真菌;图D为根表细菌,图E为根际细菌,图F为根围细菌

图A Venn diagram based on OTU levels is the rhizoplane fungi, Figure B is the rhizosphere fungi, Figure C is the root zone fungi; Figure D is the rhizoplane bacteria, Figure E is the rhizosphere bacteria, Figure F is the root zone bacteria

图2 真菌和细菌OTU水平的PCoA分析 PcoA（Principal co-ordinates analysis）图中的PC坐标轴是对样本组成差异的解释度值

Fig. 2 PCoA analysis of OTU levels in fungi and bacteria The PC coordinate axis in the PcoA (Principal co-ordinates analysis) graph is the explanatory value of the difference in sample composition

图3 门水平和属水平上真菌群落的相对丰度

Fig. 3 Relative abundance of fungal communities at the phylum and genus level

图4 门水平和属水平上细菌群落的相对丰度

Fig. 4 Relative abundance of bacterial communities at the phylum and genus Level

图5 属水平的LDA判别结果图横坐标中小写字母c、o、f、g为分类水平,分别代表纲、目、科和属水平

Fig. 5 LDA discriminant result chart of genus level The lowercase letters c, o, f, and g in the abscissa represent the classification level, representing the class, order, family and genus levels respectively

图6 细菌群落的功能预测

Fig. 6 Function prediction of bacterial community

图7 真菌群落的功能预测

Fig. 7 Function prediction of fungal community

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宁杞1号枸杞健康株与根腐病患病株的土壤微生物群落和功能差异

Difference on Soil Microbial Community and Function of Healthy and Diseased Plants of Lycium barbarum Ningqi-1

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