硅对东南景天吸收和富集镉的影响及其机制研究

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.04.012

生态环境学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 619-629.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.04.012

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇下一篇

硅对东南景天吸收和富集镉的影响及其机制研究

邵玉蝶¹^,²(), 朱学昊¹^,², 吴河源¹^,², 刘京¹^,², 毛艳玲¹^,², 杨文浩¹^,²^,^*()

¹ 福建农林大学资源与环境学院，福建福州 350000
² 福建农林大学土壤生态系统健康与调控重点实验室，福建福州 350002

收稿日期:2025-06-30 修回日期:2025-12-16 接受日期:2026-01-26 出版日期:2026-04-18 发布日期:2026-04-14
通讯作者: *E-mail: whyang@fafu.edu.cn
作者简介:邵玉蝶（2001年生），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为土壤重金属污染植物修复研究。E-mail: 52308031068@fafu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42077132);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(226-2024-00052)

Research on the Effects and Mechanisms of Exogenous Silicon on Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation in Sedum alfredii Hance

SHAO Yudie¹^,²(), ZHU Xuehao¹^,², WU Heyuan¹^,², LIU Jing¹^,², MAO Yanling¹^,², YANG Wenhao¹^,²^,^*()

¹ College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
² Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China

Received:2025-06-30 Revised:2025-12-16 Accepted:2026-01-26 Online:2026-04-18 Published:2026-04-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究外源硅（Si）对东南景天（Sedum alfredii Hance）吸收和富集镉（Cd）的影响及其相关生理和根际机制，设置3个Si处理水平（0、100、200 mg·kg⁻¹），植物生长5个月后收获并测定土壤和植物相关指标。结果表明，土壤施用外源Si能显著提高根际蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶和脲酶活性，根际土壤中碱解氮（AN）、有效磷（AP）和速效钾（EK）含量显著提高，溶解性有机碳、氮（DOC与DON）含量也呈上升趋势。土壤全Cd含量由14.49 mg·kg⁻¹降至11.41 mg·kg⁻¹，而速效Cd含量则从2.21 mg·kg⁻¹上升至2.69 mg·kg⁻¹。与对照相比，施加外源Si后，东南景天株高增加4.1%－8.8%，地上部鲜质量和干质量分别提高34.2%－76.7%和38.5%－76.9%。当Si施用量达200 mg·kg⁻¹时，叶绿素a、b含量均达最大值，较对照组显著增加35.9%和30.3%。叶片抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和对照相比显著升高，过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性分别达到2511.3、707.2和3.65 U·g⁻¹。植物螯合素（PC）含量增至2008.4 pg·g⁻¹，较对照提高11.3%，而丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低32.8%。与对照相比，Si处理显著提高植株Cd积累能力，地上部Cd积累量分别增加38.3%和101.4%，根部Cd积累量分别提高31.0%和83.7%。综上，外源Si的施用促进土壤养分释放，促进东南景天生长发育，缓解Cd毒害，并显著提高其对Cd的吸收富集能力。

关键词: 镉, 硅, 植物修复, 东南景天, 超富集植物

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of exogenous silicon (Si) on cadmium (Cd) absorption and accumulation in Sedum alfredii, as well as related physiological and rhizosphere mechanisms, three Si treatment levels (0, 100, 200 mg·kg⁻¹) were set up. After five months of plant growth, soil and plant-related indicators were harvested and measured. The results showed that applying exogenous Si to the soil significantly increased the activity of sucrose enzyme, acid phosphatase, and urease. In the rhizosphere soil, the concentrations of alkaline nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and quick-release potassium (EK) also increased significantly, with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content showing an upward trend. The total Cd content in the soil decreased from 14.49 mg·kg⁻¹ to 11.41 mg·kg⁻¹, while the quick-release Cd content rose from 2.21 mg·kg⁻¹ to 2.69 mg·kg⁻¹. Compared to the control, applying exogenous Si increased plant height by 4.1%−8.8%, fresh weight and dry weight of above-ground parts by 34.2%−76.7% and 38.5%−76.9%, respectively. When the Si application rate reached 200 mg·kg⁻¹, chlorophyll a and b content both peaked, increasing significantly by 35.9% and 30.3% compared to the control group. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the leaves was significantly higher than the control, while the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) reached 2511.3, 707.2, and 3.65 U·g⁻¹, respectively. The plant chelatant (PC) content increased to 2008. 4 pg·g⁻¹, an increase of 11.3% compared to the control, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly reduced by 32.8%. Compared to the control, Si treatment significantly enhanced the plant’s ability to accumulate Cd. The above-ground Cd accumulation increased by 38.3% and 101.4%, respectively, while root Cd accumulation increased by 31.0% and 83.7%, respectively. In summary, the application of exogenous Si can promote soil nutrient release, facilitate normal growth and development of Sedum alfredii, mitigate the toxic effects of Cd, and significantly enhance its ability to absorb and accumulate Cd.

Key words: cadmium(Cd), silicon(Si), phytoremediation, Sedum alfredii, hyperaccumulator

中图分类号:

X171.5
X53

邵玉蝶, 朱学昊, 吴河源, 刘京, 毛艳玲, 杨文浩. 硅对东南景天吸收和富集镉的影响及其机制研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2026, 35(4): 619-629.

SHAO Yudie, ZHU Xuehao, WU Heyuan, LIU Jing, MAO Yanling, YANG Wenhao. Research on the Effects and Mechanisms of Exogenous Silicon on Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation in Sedum alfredii Hance[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2026, 35(4): 619-629.

图/表 15

表1 供试土壤基本理化性质

Table 1 Basic physical and chemical properties of the test soil

指标	pH （土水比=1꞉2.5）	碱解氮质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	有效磷质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	速效钾质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	总Cd质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	有效态Cd质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	有效Si质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	总Cu质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	总Zn质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	总Pb质量分数/ (mg·kg⁻¹)
测定值	4.95	81.73	16.76	91.20	14.49	2.21	126.59	96.81	1068.55	697.46

图1 不同Si处理对东南景天Cd质量分数、积累量的影响不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著（p<0.05），下同

Figure 1 Effect of different Si treatments on Cd content and accumulation in S. alfredii

图2 不同Si处理对东南景天Si质量分数、积累量的影响

Figure 2 Effects of different Si treatments on the content and accumulation of Si in S. alfredii

表2 不同Si处理对东南景天生物量的影响

Table 2 Effects of different Si treatments on biomass of S. alfredii

处理	鲜质量/(g·plant⁻¹)		干质量/(g·plant⁻¹)		根长/ cm	株高/ cm
处理	地上部	根部	地上部	根部	根长/ cm	株高/ cm
CK	0.73± 0.09c	0.20± 0.01b	0.13± 0.01c	0.06± 0.01b	3.81± 0.20b	13.75± 0.45c
Si100	0.98± 0.09b	0.21± 0.01b	0.18± 0.02b	0.07± 0.01b	4.10± 0.14b	14.32± 0.29b
Si200	1.29± 0.12a	0.28± 0.02a	0.23± 0.02a	0.11± 0.01a	4.40± 0.28a	14.96± 0.22a

图3 Si对C胁迫下东南景天叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度的影响

Figure 3 Effect of Si on Pn, Gs, Tr, Ci of S. alfredii leaves under Cd stress

图4 不同Si处理对东南景天叶片光合色素的影响

Figure 4 Effects of different Si treatments on photosynthetic pigments in S. alfredii leaves

表3 不同Si处理对东南景天叶片抗氧化酶的影响

Table 3 Effects of different Si treatments on antioxidant enzymes in S. alfredii leaves

处理	SOD活性/(U∙g⁻¹)	CAT活性/(U∙g⁻¹)	POD活性/(U∙g⁻¹)
CK	1347.9±57.6c	489.8±18.9c	2.52±0.03c
Si100	2370.7±51.7b	671.1±7.3b	3.48±0.04b
Si200	2511.3±20.5a	707.2±15.6a	3.65±0.09a

图5 不同Si处理对东南景天叶片MDA和PCs含量的影响

Figure 5 Effects of different Si treatments on MDA and PCs content in S. alfredii leaves

表4 不同Si处理对土壤理化性质的影响

Table 4 Effects of different Si treatments on soil physical and chemical properties

处理	碱解氮质量分数/ (mg∙kg⁻¹)	有效磷质量分数/ (mg∙kg⁻¹)	速效钾质量分数/ (mg∙kg⁻¹)	pH
CK	112.53±0.53b	24.64±2.51c	92.96±1.08b	4.94±0.05a
Si100	118.77±2.25a	28.18±1.05b	93.70±0.82ab	4.92±0.02a
Si200	120.05±1.85a	33.24±2.25a	94.80±0.43a	4.92±0.02a

图6 不同Si浓度对东南景天根际土壤可溶性有机碳、可溶性有机氮含量的影响

Figure 6 Effects of different Si treatments on DOC and DON content in the rhizosphere soil of S. alfredii

图7 不同Si处理对东南景天根际土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量的影响

Figure 7 Effects of different Si treatments on NH4+-N and NO3?-N content in the rhizosphere soil of S. alfredii

表5 不同Si处理对土壤酶活性的影响

Table 5 Effects of different Si treatments on soil enzyme activities

处理	蔗糖酶活性/ (μg∙g⁻¹∙24 h⁻¹)	酸性磷酸酶活性/ (μg∙g⁻¹∙2 h⁻¹)	脲酶活性/ (μg∙g⁻¹∙24 h⁻¹)
CK	158.42±5.05b	206.02±8.25b	165.43±3.43b
Si100	322.69±6.92a	240.39±4.60a	173.03±9.77ab
Si200	330.33±7.29a	248.03±7.10a	178.14±9.23a

图8 不同Si处理对东南景天根际土壤总Cd含量和有效态Cd含量的影响

Figure 8 Effects of different Si treatments on total Cd content and available Cd content in the rhizosphere soil of S. alfredii

图9 不同Si处理对东南景天富集系数及转运系数的影响富集系数=植株镉含量/土壤镉含量；转运系数=植株地上部镉含量/植株地下部镉含量

Figure 9 Effects of different Si treatments on the Bioaccumulation factor and Translocation factor of S. alfredii

图10 东南景天生理与土壤理化性质的相关性分析 1：鲜质量；2：叶绿素总量；3：MDA；4：PCs；5：SOD；6：CAT；7：POD；8：pH；9：AP；10：EK；11：AN；12：DOC；13：DON；14：NH4+-N；15：NO3?-N；16：磷酸酶；17：蔗糖酶；18：脲酶。*表示在p<0.05水平显著相关，**和***分别表示在p<0.01和p<0.001水平上极显著相关

Figure 10 Correlation analysis between physiological properties and soil physical and chemical properties of S. alfredii

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硅对东南景天吸收和富集镉的影响及其机制研究

Research on the Effects and Mechanisms of Exogenous Silicon on Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation in Sedum alfredii Hance

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