2016—2020年广东省臭氧污染特征

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.12.012

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 2374-2381.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.12.012

2016—2020年广东省臭氧污染特征

陈瑶瑶¹(), 廖彤¹, 汪宇², 沈劲¹, 翟宇虹¹, 叶斯琪¹, 陈多宏¹^,^*(), 陈靖扬³

1.广东省生态环境监测中心/国家环境保护区域空气质量监测重点实验室/广东省环境保护大气二次污染研究重点实验室，广东广州 510308
2.广州市海珠区公共给排水设施监督所，广东广州 510277
3.广东省生态气象中心（珠三角环境气象预报预警中心），广东广州 510640

收稿日期:2022-06-09 出版日期:2022-12-18 发布日期:2023-02-15
通讯作者: *陈多宏，男，教授级高工，博士，E-mail: chenduohong@139.com
作者简介:陈瑶瑶（1995年生），女，硕士，主要从事大气污染防治工作。E-mail: eescyy@foxmail.com
基金资助:
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B110206001);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0106900);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0213902);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0213903)

Characteristics of Ozone Pollution in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

CHEN Yaoyao¹(), LIAO Tong¹, WANG Yu², SHEN Jin¹, ZHAI Yuhong¹, YE Siqi¹, CHEN Duohong¹^,^*(), CHEN Jingyang³

1. Guangdong Ecological Environment Monitoring Center/State Environmental Key Laboratory of Regional Air Quality Monitoring/Guangdong Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Secondary Air Pollution Research, Guangzhou 510308, P. R. China
2. Guangzhou Haizhu District Public Water Supply and Drainage Facilities Supervision Office, Guangzhou 510277, P. R. China
3. Guangdong Ecological Meteorology (Pearl River Delta Center for Environmental Meteorology Prediction and Warning), Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China

Received:2022-06-09 Online:2022-12-18 Published:2023-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着大气污染防治工作的深入实施，广东省PM_2.5等大气污染物浓度逐步降低，O₃取代PM_2.5成为广东省空气污染的首要污染物。深入了解广东省O₃污染特征对O₃污染科学治理与防控具有非常重要的意义。利用2016—2020年广东省102个国家环境空气质量监测站监测数据以及臭氧污染天气型数据，分析O₃污染特征，解析O₃污染重点防控时间与重点城市。结果表明，（1）2016—2020年期间，广东省O₃-8h年评价质量浓度上升8.7%，是空气质量评价的6项污染物中唯一升高的污染物。O₃-8h质量浓度超标使广东省各年度空气质量优良天数比例分别减少了2.8、4.8、5.2、8.9、4.2个百分点。（2）广东省O₃-8h质量浓度日均值高值主要分布在4—5月、8—11月，在这两个时段，广东省O₃-8h质量浓度日均值超过二级标准限值的天数占全年超标天数的97.6%以上，说明应加强对这两个时段O₃污染管控。（3）弱冷空气、台风外围、副高、反气旋环流等4种天气型，与O₃污染关系最为密切，应加强气象与空气质量联合预报预警，在污染天气型到来前部署污染防控工作。（4）珠三角区域臭氧达标敏感期为8—11月，需重点管控广州市、东莞市、佛山市、肇庆市、深圳市、珠海市、中山市、江门市；粤东、粤西区域臭氧达标敏感期为9—11月，需重点管控汕尾市、汕头市、潮州市、茂名市、阳江市、湛江市；粤北区域臭氧达标敏感期为9—10月，需重点管控韶关市、清远市。在上述时间段加强对应城市的O₃污染管控，减少O₃污染天数，有助于提升空气质量优良天数比例。

关键词: 臭氧, 达标敏感期, 污染管控, 天气型, 优良天数比例, 广东省

Abstract:

With the in-depth implementation of air pollution prevention and control, pollutants concentration such as PM_2.5 has gradually decreased in Guangdong Province, but O₃ replaced PM_2.5 as the primary pollutant of air pollution in Guangdong Province. Understanding of the characteristics of O₃ pollution is of great significance for the scientific O₃ pollution management and prevention in Guangdong Province. Monitoring data of 102 national ambient air quality monitoring stations and weather type data of ozone pollution from 2016 to 2020 were used to analyze the characteristics of O₃ pollution and key time and key cities for O₃ prevention and control in Guangdong Province. The results showed that (1) O₃-8h annual evaluation concentration in Guangdong Province increased by 8.7% from 2016 to 2020, which was the only elevated pollutant among the six pollutants in air quality evaluation. The excessive concentration of O₃-8h reduced excellent days ratio in Guangdong Province by 2.8, 4.8, 5.2, 8.9 and 4.2 percentage points, respectively. (2) High daily average value of O₃-8h concentration mainly occurred in April-May and August-November. During these two periods, daily mean value of O₃-8h concentration in Guangdong Province exceeded the limit of Class II standard, accounted for more than 97.6% of the total number of days exceeding the standard, indicating that O₃ pollution control in these two periods should be strengthened. (3) Four weather types including weak cold air, typhoon periphery, subtropical anticyclone, and anticyclone circulation, were most closely related to O₃ pollution. Air quality forecasts and warnings should be strengthened so that pollution prevention and control can be deployed in advance when relevant weather types occur. (4) Sensitive period for ozone compliance in Pearl River Delta region was from August to November, when Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Zhaoqing, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Zhongshan and Jiangmen need to be controlled; Sensitive period for ozone compliance in Eastern and Western Guangdong was from September to November, when Shanwei, Shantou, Chaozhou, Maoming, Yangjiang, and Zhanjiang need to be controlled; Sensitive period for ozone compliance in Northern Guangdong was from September to October, when Shaoguan and Qingyuan need to be controlled. Ozone Pollution Prevention and Control in key cities should be strengthened during the relevant time period, to reduce O₃ pollution days and increase excellent days ratio of air quality.

Key words: ozone, sensitive period for compliance, pollution control, weather type, excellent days ratio, Guangdong Province

中图分类号:

陈瑶瑶, 廖彤, 汪宇, 沈劲, 翟宇虹, 叶斯琪, 陈多宏, 陈靖扬. 2016—2020年广东省臭氧污染特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(12): 2374-2381.

CHEN Yaoyao, LIAO Tong, WANG Yu, SHEN Jin, ZHAI Yuhong, YE Siqi, CHEN Duohong, CHEN Jingyang. Characteristics of Ozone Pollution in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(12): 2374-2381.

图/表 10

图1 2016—2020年广东省优良天数比例变化趋势

Figure 1 Trends of excellent days ratio in Guangdong province from 2016 to 2020

图2 2016—2020年广东省污染物质量浓度变化趋势

Figure 2 Trends of pollutant concentration in Guangdong province from 2016 to 2020

图3 2016—2020年广东省首要污染物占比变化趋势

Figure 3 Trends of the proportion of primary pollutants in Guangdong province from 2016 to 2020

图4 2016—2020年广东省各污染物超标城次

Figure 4 City times of pollutants exceeding the standard in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

图5 2016—2020年广东省O3-8h质量浓度日均值分布

Figure 5 Daily mean distribution of O3-8h concentration in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

图6 2016—2020年广东省主要臭氧污染天气型占比

Figure 6 Proportion of main ozone pollution weather types in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

图7 2016—2020年广东省21个城市O3-8h质量浓度

Figure 7 O3-8h concentration in 21 cities of Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

图8 2016—2020年广东省21个城市O3-8h质量浓度超标比例

Figure 8 Proportion of O3-8h concentration exceeding the standard in 21 cities of Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

表1 2016—2020年广东省及21个城市O3-8h质量浓度最大值及O3重污染城次数

Table 1 O3-8h concentration maximum and O3 heavy pollution city times in Guangdong province and 21 cities from 2016 to 2020

区域 Area	城市 City	O₃-8h最大值 O₃-8h Concentration maximum/(μg∙m⁻³)					O₃重污染城次数 O₃ heavy pollution city times
区域 Area	城市 City	2016年	2017年	2018年	2019年	2020年	O₃重污染城次数 O₃ heavy pollution city times
珠三角 Pearl River Delta	广州	254	253	215	248	268	1
	深圳	215	223	225	246	202
	珠海	203	230	232	283	223	1
	佛山	262	260	257	260	265
	惠州	209	232	218	208	216
	东莞	257	270	233	297	295	4
	中山	208	270	286	292	263	6
	江门	320	286	261	307	263	10
	肇庆	220	295	215	217	211	1
粤东 Eastern Guangdong	汕头	186	176	178	182	177
	汕尾	180	205	249	247	254
	潮州	200	194	204	190	195
	揭阳	160	192	200	192	172
粤西 Western Guangdong	阳江	196	206	202	204	249
	湛江	189	194	220	207	192
	茂名	154	191	182	211	174
粤北 Northern Guangdong	韶关	200	204	219	201	201
	河源	180	186	190	184	192
	梅州	154	162	150	178	176
	清远	236	250	223	232	254
	云浮	182	212	185	194	177
广东省 Guangdong Province		320	295	286	307	295	23

图9 2019年广东省21个城市O3-8h质量浓度为161—170 μg?m?3的城次数

Figure 9 City times with O3-8h concentration between 161-170 μg?m?3 in 21 cities of Guangdong Province in 2019

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2016—2020年广东省臭氧污染特征

Characteristics of Ozone Pollution in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020

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