西沙热带珊瑚岛典型乔木叶片性状和养分再吸收特征

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.02.005

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 248-256.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.02.005

西沙热带珊瑚岛典型乔木叶片性状和养分再吸收特征

龙靖¹^,²(), 黄耀¹, 刘占锋¹, 简曙光¹, 魏丽萍¹, 王俊¹^,^*()

1.中国科学院海岛与海岸带生态恢复重点实验室/中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州 510650
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-08-17 出版日期:2022-02-18 发布日期:2022-04-14
通讯作者: *王俊（1983年生）,男,副研究员,博士,研究领域为森林生态学和恢复生态学。E-mail: wxj@scbg.ac.cn
作者简介:龙靖（1996年生）,男,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林与恢复生态学。E-mail: longjing@scbg.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3100400);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201005);军队后勤开放研究科研项目(AHJ8J003)

Leaf Traits and Nutrient Resorption of Two Woody Species on A Tropical Coral Island

LONG Jing¹^,²(), HUANG Yao¹, LIU Zhanfeng¹, JIAN Shuguang¹, WEI Liping¹, WANG Jun¹^,^*()

1. CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones/ South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China

Received:2021-08-17 Online:2022-02-18 Published:2022-04-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

养分再吸收对植物养分收支和生态系统养分循环至关重要,研究热带珊瑚岛特殊生境下优势植物的养分再吸收特征对于深入理解海岛植物适应性和海岛陆域生态系统养分循环具有重要意义。针对中国西沙群岛的热带珊瑚岛生境,以抗风桐（Pisonia grandis）和海岸桐（Guettarda speciose）两种代表性单优乔木为研究对象,比较了其叶片性状和养分再吸收特征,并分析了可能影响养分再吸收过程的因素。结果表明,抗风桐的比叶面积（288.59 cm²∙g^-1 vs 150.42 cm²∙g^-1）和叶片氮磷比（11.39 vs 2.97）显著高于海岸桐,但叶碳含量、木质素含量、纤维素含量、碳氮比和木质素氮比均显著低于海岸桐,说明抗风桐的适应策略偏向于资源获取,海岸桐则偏向于资源保护。抗风桐和海岸桐的成熟叶片氮磷比均小于14,表明其生长主要受氮限制。抗风桐和海岸桐均具有相对较高的氮再吸收效率（60.28%和52.64%）和较低的磷再吸收效率（49.75%和30.73%）,表明二者均趋于采取较保守的氮利用策略。抗风桐和海岸桐叶片磷再吸收程度分别为1.63 mg∙g^-1和3.76 mg∙g^-1,对磷再吸收不充分（>0.5 mg∙g^-1）,在富磷的珊瑚岛生态系统中更倾向于从土壤中直接获取磷以满足生长的需求。总之,抗风桐和海岸桐通过协调叶片资源分配、提高叶片氮再吸收效率和降低叶片磷再吸收效率以适应热带珊瑚岛的特殊生境。

关键词: 西沙群岛, 抗风桐, 海岸桐, 优势种, 养分利用策略, 养分再吸收, 叶片性状, 土壤养分

Abstract:

Nutrient resorption is crucial for plant nutrient budgets and ecosystem nutrient cycling. To enhance our understanding of the adaptability of plants and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems of tropical coral island, it is essential to study the nutrient resorption patterns of dominant woody plants. In this study, we investigated leaf traits, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) resorption efficiencies (RE) of two monodominant woody species (i.e., Pisonia grandis and Guettarda speciose) on a tropical coral island belonging to the Paracel Islands, South China Sea. The results showed that the specific leaf area (288.59 cm²∙g^-1 vs 150.42 cm²∙g^-1) and N:P ratio (11.39 vs 2.97) of P. grandis were higher, while concentrations of carbon (C), lignin, cellulose, and C:N ratio and lignin: N ratio of P. grandis were lower than those of G. speciose. Thus, P. grandis and G. speciose tended to exhibit resource acquisition strategies and resource protection strategies, respectively. The growth of the two species could be N-limited, as N:P ratios of mature leaves were below 14. Both P. grandis and G. speciose showed relatively high NRE (60.28% and 52.64%, respectively) and relatively low PRE (49.75% and 30.73%, respectively), indicating that these two species tended to adopt conservative N-use strategies. The two species resorbed P insufficiently with relatively high values of P resorption proficiencies (1.63 mg∙g^-1 and 3.76 mg∙g^-1, respectively). They tended to acquire P directly from the soil in the P-rich coral island ecosystem. In conclusion, P. grandis and G. speciose would adapt to the special habitat of tropical coral islands by coordinating leaf resource allocation, increasing leaf N resorption efficiency, and decreasing leaf P resorption efficiency.

Key words: Paracel Islands, Pisonia grandis, Guettarda speciose, dominant species, nutrient use strategy, nutrient resorption, leaf traits, soil nutrients

中图分类号:

S718.45
X173

龙靖, 黄耀, 刘占锋, 简曙光, 魏丽萍, 王俊. 西沙热带珊瑚岛典型乔木叶片性状和养分再吸收特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(2): 248-256.

LONG Jing, HUANG Yao, LIU Zhanfeng, JIAN Shuguang, WEI Liping, WANG Jun. Leaf Traits and Nutrient Resorption of Two Woody Species on A Tropical Coral Island[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(2): 248-256.

图/表 5

参考文献 61

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物种 Species	深度 Depth/cm	pH	含盐量 Salinity/(g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤有机质SOM)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤全氮TN)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤全磷TP)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤有效磷AP)}/ (mg∙kg^-1)	土壤氮磷比 w_(N)soil:w_(P)soil
抗风桐 P. grandis	0‒20	7.79±0.16Aa	0.86±0.16Aa	175.54±35.75Aa	12.25±3.15Aa	72.53±9.52Aa	181.05±40.59Aa	0.16±0.03Aa
抗风桐 P. grandis	20‒40	8.08±0.06Aa	0.65±0.14Aa	71.20±15.10Ba	5.48±1.47Aa	38.14±14.22Aa	91.76±29.44Aa	0.28±0.10Aa
海岸桐 G. speciosa	0‒20	8.25±0.03Ab	0.59±0.03Aa	43.55±3.58Ab	2.39±0.20Ab	3.35±0.36Ab	35.26±4.98Ab	0.75±0.10Ab
海岸桐 G. speciosa	20‒40	8.48±0.06Bb	0.45±0.04Ba	16.04±2.02Bb	1.01±0.21Bb	4.85±1.17Aa	29.11±3.03Aa	0.22±0.03Ba

物种 Species	深度 Depth/cm	pH	含盐量 Salinity/(g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤有机质SOM)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤全氮TN)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤全磷TP)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	w_{(土壤有效磷AP)}/ (mg∙kg^-1)	土壤氮磷比 w_(N)soil:w_(P)soil
抗风桐 P. grandis	0‒20	7.79±0.16Aa	0.86±0.16Aa	175.54±35.75Aa	12.25±3.15Aa	72.53±9.52Aa	181.05±40.59Aa	0.16±0.03Aa
抗风桐 P. grandis	20‒40	8.08±0.06Aa	0.65±0.14Aa	71.20±15.10Ba	5.48±1.47Aa	38.14±14.22Aa	91.76±29.44Aa	0.28±0.10Aa
海岸桐 G. speciosa	0‒20	8.25±0.03Ab	0.59±0.03Aa	43.55±3.58Ab	2.39±0.20Ab	3.35±0.36Ab	35.26±4.98Ab	0.75±0.10Ab
海岸桐 G. speciosa	20‒40	8.48±0.06Bb	0.45±0.04Ba	16.04±2.02Bb	1.01±0.21Bb	4.85±1.17Aa	29.11±3.03Aa	0.22±0.03Ba

叶片性状 Leaf traits	物种 Species
叶片性状 Leaf traits	抗风桐 P. grandis	海岸桐 G. speciosa
平均叶面积 MLA/cm²	188.01±18.11a	317.91±38.10b
比叶面积 SLA/(cm²∙g^-1)	288.59±27.63a	150.42±11.40b
成熟叶碳质量分数w_(C)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	396.10±9.49a	472.29±4.70b
成熟叶氮质量分数w_(N)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	28.77±1.43a	12.54±0.68b
成熟叶磷质量分数w_(P)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	2.64±0.35a	4.29±0.34b
成熟叶木质素质量分数 w_(lignin)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	144.30±19.49a	206.16±10.02b
成熟叶纤维素质量分数 w_{(cellulose)gr}/(mg∙g^-1)	80.40±19.92a	219.16±9.29b
衰老叶木质素质量分数 w_(lignin)sen/(mg∙g^-1)	126.75±10.24a	211.69±7.22b
衰老叶纤维素质量分数 w_{(cellulose)sen}/(mg∙g^-1)	121.59±18.59a	218.68±5.69b
成熟叶碳氮比w_(C)gr:w_(N)gr	13.89±0.68a	38.07±1.99b
成熟叶木质素氮比w_(lignin)gr:w_(N)gr	4.95±0.53a	16.67±1.44b
成熟叶氮磷比w_(N)gr:w_(P)gr	11.39±1.02a	2.97±0.20b

叶片性状 Leaf traits	物种 Species
叶片性状 Leaf traits	抗风桐 P. grandis	海岸桐 G. speciosa
平均叶面积 MLA/cm²	188.01±18.11a	317.91±38.10b
比叶面积 SLA/(cm²∙g^-1)	288.59±27.63a	150.42±11.40b
成熟叶碳质量分数w_(C)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	396.10±9.49a	472.29±4.70b
成熟叶氮质量分数w_(N)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	28.77±1.43a	12.54±0.68b
成熟叶磷质量分数w_(P)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	2.64±0.35a	4.29±0.34b
成熟叶木质素质量分数 w_(lignin)gr/(mg∙g^-1)	144.30±19.49a	206.16±10.02b
成熟叶纤维素质量分数 w_{(cellulose)gr}/(mg∙g^-1)	80.40±19.92a	219.16±9.29b
衰老叶木质素质量分数 w_(lignin)sen/(mg∙g^-1)	126.75±10.24a	211.69±7.22b
衰老叶纤维素质量分数 w_{(cellulose)sen}/(mg∙g^-1)	121.59±18.59a	218.68±5.69b
成熟叶碳氮比w_(C)gr:w_(N)gr	13.89±0.68a	38.07±1.99b
成熟叶木质素氮比w_(lignin)gr:w_(N)gr	4.95±0.53a	16.67±1.44b
成熟叶氮磷比w_(N)gr:w_(P)gr	11.39±1.02a	2.97±0.20b

Factor 因子		抗风桐P. grandis		海岸桐G. speciosa
Factor 因子		氮再吸收效率 (NRE)	磷再吸收效率 (PRE)	氮再吸收效率 (NRE)	磷再吸收效率 (PRE)
叶片 Leaf	SLA	0.590	0.700	0.304	0.731
	w_(C)gr	-0.032	0.563	0.223	0.171
	w_(N)gr	0.847	0.588	0.718	0.363
	w_(P)gr	0.360	0.898*	0.011	0.911*
	w_(lignin)gr	0.664	0.600	0.718	-0.121
	w_{(cellulose)gr}	-0.038	-0.560	0.011	0.181
	w_(C)gr:w_(N)gr	-0.856	-0.321	-0.706	-0.838
	w_(lignin)gr:w_(N)gr	0.523	0.545	0.346	-0.322
	w_(N)gr:w_(P)gr	-0.035	-0.887*	0.562	-0.695
土壤 Soil	pH	-0.650	-0.672	-0.910*	0.029
	Salinity	0.955*	0.105	-0.300	0.249
	SOM	0.876*	0.447	-0.941*	-0.025
	TN	0.970**	0.287	-0.779	-0.214
	TP	0.816	0.438	0.097	0.908*
	AP	0.894*	0.450	-0.828	0.261
	N:P_soil	0.922*	0.103	-0.487	-0.723

西沙热带珊瑚岛典型乔木叶片性状和养分再吸收特征

Leaf Traits and Nutrient Resorption of Two Woody Species on A Tropical Coral Island

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