生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 876-887.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.06.005

• 研究论文【生态学】 • 上一篇    下一篇

近30年三峡库区生态系统服务流时空演变与影响因素研究

周瑞娇1,2(), 张虹1,2,*(), 钱敏1,2   

  1. 1.重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆 401331
    2.地理信息系统应用研究重庆市高校重点实验室,重庆 401331
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-11 出版日期:2025-06-18 发布日期:2025-06-11
  • 通讯作者: * 张虹, E-mail: zh_angh@cqnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:周瑞娇(1999年生),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为资源环境遥感应用。E-mail: 1732391765@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42071217);重庆师范大学校级项目(22XLB002)

Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Ecosystem Service Flows in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in the Past 30 Years and Influencing Factors

ZHOU Ruijiao1,2(), ZHANG Hong1,2,*(), QIAN Min1,2   

  1. 1. School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
    2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of GIS Application, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
  • Received:2024-12-11 Online:2025-06-18 Published:2025-06-11

摘要:

生态系统服务流是生态系统持续供给能力的重要表征,三峡库区是长江流域重要生态屏障,三峡工程建设使得土地利用变化,人口大规模流动,影响生态系统服务流量和流向。基于InVEST模型和功能价值法,计算1990-2022年三峡库区生态系统服务价值,并运用断裂点公式和场强模型量化区域生态服务流,确定服务流传输路径、流量,分析生态服务流的时空变化特征。结果表明,1)1990-2022年各类生态服务价值均增加,综合服务价值增幅为12.2%。水源涵养、土壤保持及固碳服务价值分别占生态系统服务价值63.1%、23.4%和13.5%左右,高值区集中在库区东北部,低值区集中在库区西南部。2)1990-2022年三峡库区生态系统服务流量先上升后下降,但整体流量增加,由8.07×109元增长至8.54×109元,流量增幅为5.8%。3)生态系统服务供给高值区集中在自然资源丰富的东北部,低值区集中在城市化发展水平高的西部地区。生态系统服务在相邻区域间流动,主导方向由高价值区流向低价值区。4)三峡库区生态系统服务价值的主要影响因素为高程、坡度等地形因子,可解释力q值分别为0.835、0.815。该研究旨在厘清区域生态系统服务流动方向和强度,为三峡库区生态保护与生态补偿提供科学依据。

关键词: 三峡库区, 断裂点公式, 生态系统服务价值, 服务流, 人类活动

Abstract:

Ecosystem service flow is an important characterization of an ecosystem's sustainable provisioning capacity and an important ecological barrier in the Yangtze River Basin. The construction of the Three Gorges Project has led to changes in land use and large-scale population movement, which have affected the ecosystem service flow and flow direction. Based on the InVEST model and the functional value method, we calculated the ecosystem service value of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 1990 to 2022, quantified the regional ecosystem service flows using the fracture point formula and the field strength model to determine the service flow transmission paths and flow rates, and analyzed the spatial and temporal change characteristics of the ecosystem service flows. The results showed that 1) the value of all types of ecological services increased from 1990 to 2022, with a total service increase of 12.2%. The values of water conservation, soil conservation, and carbon sequestration services accounted for approximately 63.1%, 23.4%, and 13.5% of the value of ecosystem services, respectively, with high-value areas concentrated in the northeastern part of the reservoir and low-value areas concentrated in the southwestern part of the reservoir. 2) The flow of ecosystem services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 1990 to 2022 first rose and then declined, but overall showed an increase from 8.07×109 yuan to 8.54×109 yuan, with an increase in flow of 5.8%. 3) High-value areas of ecosystem service provision are concentrated in the northeastern part of the region, which is rich in natural resources, and low-value areas are concentrated in the western part of the region, which has a high level of urbanization and development. Ecosystem services flow between neighboring regions, with the dominant direction flowing from high to low-value areas. 4) The main factors influencing the value of ecosystem services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area are topographic factors, such as elevation and slope, and the explanatory power q-values are 0.835 and 0.815, respectively. This study aimed to clarify the direction and intensity of regional ecosystem service flows and provide a scientific basis for protection and ecological compensation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.

Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir Area, breaking point model, ecosystem service value, service flow, human activities

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