2000－2022年珠三角城市群PM2.5与O3时空分布特征及其影响因素

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.02.009

生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 268-278.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.02.009

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇下一篇

2000－2022年珠三角城市群PM_2.5与O₃时空分布特征及其影响因素

翁雷霆¹(), 王鹏¹^,^*(), 肖荣波¹^,²^,³, 白晋晶¹, 钟俊宏²

1.广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院，广东广州 510006
2.广东工业大学建筑与城市规划学院，广东广州 510006
3.广东财经大学地理与环境经济学院，广东广州 510320

收稿日期:2024-10-24 出版日期:2025-02-18 发布日期:2025-03-03
通讯作者: *王鹏。E-mail: wangpengdili@163.com
作者简介:翁雷霆（2000年生），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为环境生态学。E-mail: 13922031586@163.com
基金资助:
广东省自然科学基金项目(2414050001597);国家重点研发技术项目(2022YFF1303104)

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃ in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration and Corresponding Influence Factors

WENG Leiting¹(), WANG Peng¹^,^*(), XIAO Rongbo¹^,²^,³, BAI Jinjing¹, ZHONG Junhong²

1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
2. School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
3. School of Geography and Environmental Economics, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, P. R. China

Received:2024-10-24 Online:2025-02-18 Published:2025-03-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

掌握PM_2.5和O₃复合污染的时空特征，对于支撑新形势下PM_2.5与O₃污染的协同控制具有重要意义。利用Mann-Kendall趋势和小波分析法分析了珠三角城市群2000－2022年PM_2.5和O₃数据，探讨了PM_2.5和O₃的变化趋势、周期、时空特征及其影响因素。结果表明：2000－2022年，珠三角地区PM_2.5浓度呈下降趋势，但O₃浓度呈升高趋势;珠三角PM_2.5和O₃浓度具有显著的季节性，PM_2.5污染主要发生在冬季，而夏季浓度相对较低;O₃污染则在秋季较严重，冬季浓度最低。PM_2.5和O₃浓度变化存在10个月左右的周期，在较短时间尺度上呈正相关，长时间尺度上为负相关，表明在年尺度上具有关联性。珠三角人口、GDP、温度、湿度等与PM_2.5浓度呈现较强的负相关，但与O₃浓度变化呈正相关，表明珠三角推行的节能减排政策对于PM_2.5污染控制具有明显效果，但是O₃污染问题应引起重视。低温有利于PM_2.5生成，高温有利于O₃生成;相对湿度太大时，PM_2.5浓度随相对湿度的升高而降低;风速越低越不利于PM_2.5和O₃扩散，其浓度越高。PM_2.5-O₃的协同污染控制需要综合考虑自然和社会因素影响。

关键词: 大气污染, PM_2.5, O₃, 时空分布特征, 影响因素, 治理

Abstract:

This study analyzes the distribution characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution in the Pearl River Delta from 2000 to 2022, focusing on their temporal and spatial variations and the impacts of human and meteorological factors. It was found that PM_2.5 pollution has generally improved over time, with annual concentrations decreasing, while O₃ pollution has worsened, with annual concentrations rising. The seasonal variations showed PM_2.5, with peaks in winter and troughs in summer, whereas O₃ was more severe in autumn and lowest in winter. Both pollutants followed a primary 20-month cycle, with a longer 50-month periodic variation, and there was a notable shift in their concentrations in January 2020. On a broad time scale, PM_2.5 and O₃ are negatively correlated, but positively correlated on shorter scales. Additionally, population and GDP are strongly negatively correlated with PM_2.5 and O₃ levels, reflecting the impact of energy-saving and emission-reduction policies. Meteorological factors play a crucial role: lower temperatures promote PM_2.5, higher temperatures favor O₃ production, high humidity decreases PM_2.5, and lower wind speeds hinder the dispersion of both pollutants, leading to higher concentrations. These findings provide valuable insights into the development of air pollution control strategies and environmental policies in economically advanced regions.

Key words: air pollution, PM_2.5, O₃, spatial & temporal distribution, influence factors, govern

中图分类号:

翁雷霆, 王鹏, 肖荣波, 白晋晶, 钟俊宏. 2000－2022年珠三角城市群PM_2.5与O₃时空分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2025, 34(2): 268-278.

WENG Leiting, WANG Peng, XIAO Rongbo, BAI Jinjing, ZHONG Junhong. Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃ in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration and Corresponding Influence Factors[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2025, 34(2): 268-278.

图/表 10

图1 研究区域示意图基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站发布的GS（2020）4619号标准地图制作，底图边界无修改

Figure 1 Research area map

图2 2000－2022年珠三角区域PM2.5和O3质量浓度年均值变化及M-K趋势性分析

Figure 2 Time series and Mann-Kendall Trend Test of annual average concentrations of PM2.5 and O3 in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000?2022

图3 2000－2022 年珠三角区域PM2.5质量浓度年均值的空间分布特征

Figure 3 Spatial distribution characteristics of annual average PM2.5 concentrations in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

图4 2000－2022年珠三角区域O3质量浓度年均值的空间分布特征

Figure 4 Spatial distribution characteristics of annual average O3 concentrations in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

图5 2000?2022年珠三角区域PM2.5和O3质量浓度月均值

Figure 5 Monthly average concentrations of PM2.5 and O3 in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

图6 2000－2022年珠三角区域PM2.5质量浓度季节的空间分布特征

Figure 6 Spatial distribution characteristics of seasonal PM2.5 concentrations in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

图7 2000－2022年珠三角区域O3质量浓度季节的空间分布特征

Figure 7 Spatial distribution characteristics of seasonal O3 concentrations in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

图8 2000－2022年珠三角区域PM2.5和O3小波系数分布图实部值是反映信号变化的相位正负性的系数，由正到负再到正代表信号变化的一个周期

Figure 8 Wavelet real part plot of PM2.5 and O3 in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

图9 2000－2022年珠三角区域PM2.5和O3小波相干图

Figure 9 Wavelet coherence plot of PM2.5 and O3 in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

图10 2000－2022年珠三角区域PM2.5和O3影响因素的相关性分析热图

Figure 10 Heatmap of correlation analysis of influencing factors of PM2.5 and O3 in the Pearl River Delta region from 2000 to 2022

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2000－2022年珠三角城市群PM_2.5与O₃时空分布特征及其影响因素

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃ in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration and Corresponding Influence Factors

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