太原市春夏季VOCs组成特征及其对二次有机气溶胶和臭氧的贡献

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.04.005

生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 548-555.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.04.005

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇下一篇

太原市春夏季VOCs组成特征及其对二次有机气溶胶和臭氧的贡献

陈思宇¹(), 孙丽娟², 苏枞枞³, 于兴娜¹^,^*()

1.南京信息工程大学/中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点开放实验室，江苏南京 210044
2.山西省生态环境监测和应急保障中心（山西省生态环境科学研究院），山西太原 030027
3.辽宁省沈阳生态环境监测中心，辽宁沈阳 110013

收稿日期:2024-09-30 出版日期:2025-04-18 发布日期:2025-04-24
通讯作者: ^*于兴娜。E-mail: xnyu@nuist.edu.cn
作者简介:陈思宇（2001年生），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为大气环境。E-mail: 202412030228@nuist.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0214604)

Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds and its Contribution to Secondary Organic Aerosol and Ozone in Spring and Summer in Taiyuan

CHEN Siyu¹(), SUN Lijuan², SU Congcong³, YU Xingna¹^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration/Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
2. Shanxi Provincial Ecological Environment Monitoring and Emergency Support Center (Shanxi Academy of Ecological Environment Sciences), Taiyuan, 030027, P. R. China
3. Shenyang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110013, P. R. China

Received:2024-09-30 Online:2025-04-18 Published:2025-04-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于太原市2023年春夏季VOCs观测数据，结合同期气象观测资料，分析太原市春夏季VOCs的组成成分、污染特征及其日变化特征，并利用MIR系数、等效丙烯浓度及FAC系数法评估并研究各类VOCs的臭氧生成潜势（OFP）和二次有机气溶胶生成潜势（SOAFP）。结果表明，太原市春夏季大气TVOCs小时平均体积分数为 (20.0±0.87)×10⁻⁹，其中烷烃和含氧有机化合物（OVOCs）是含量最丰富的VOCs组分。太原市TVOCs浓度呈现明显的“双峰型”日变化特征，峰值分别出现在10:00和22:00；从VOCs种类上看，烷烃、烯烃、乙炔和芳香烃与TVOCs浓度的日变化特征较一致，呈现早晚高午后低的变化趋势，OVOCs与其他VOCs物种呈相反的变化趋势。通过φ_(T)/φ_(B)的比值分析发现太原市春夏季大气中VOCs主要受机动车尾气和生物质燃烧源的共同影响。太原市春夏季大气VOCs的SOAFP为25.4×10⁻² μg∙m⁻³，其中芳香烃为绝对优势物种，其贡献率超过90%；TVOCs的OFP为49.1×10⁻⁹，等效丙烯浓度为3.99×10⁻⁹，各VOCs物种的OFP依次表现为烯烃>OVOCs>芳香烃>烷烃>乙炔，表明烯烃和OVOCs对O₃生成具有重要贡献。对涂料溶剂和工业生产排放的有效管控将有利于控制太原市大气中的SOA生成，而控制机动车排放是有效降低O₃污染的有效措施。

关键词: 太原市, 挥发性有机物, 污染特征, 二次有机气溶胶生成潜势, 臭氧生成潜势

Abstract:

Based on observations of VOCs in the spring and summer of 2023, combined with meteorological data, the composition, pollution, and diurnal variation characteristics of VOCs were analyzed in Taiyuan. The ozone formation potential (OFP) and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) of the VOCs were evaluated using MIR, equivalent propylene concentration, and FAC coefficients. The results showed that the average hourly volume fraction of VOCs in spring and summer was 20.03×10⁻⁹, and alkane and OVOCs were the most abundant components. The total VOCs concentration exhibited a bimodal mode, with peaks occurring at 10:00 and 22:00. The diurnal variation characteristics of alkanes, olefins, acetylene, and aromatic hydrocarbons were consistent with the concentrations of TVOCs; however, OVOCs showed an opposite trend to other VOCs species, indicating that OVOCs were affected by primary emissions and secondary formation. The toluene/benzene (T/B) ratios indicated that the VOCs in the spring and summer in Taiyuan were mainly influenced by vehicle exhaust and biomass combustion. The total SOAFP was up to 25.37×10⁻² μg∙m⁻³, with aromatic hydrocarbons being the dominant species, contributing over 90%. The OFP of the total VOCs reached 49.06×10⁻⁹, and the equivalent propylene concentration was 3.99×10⁻⁹. The order was olefins>OVOCs>aromatics>alkanes>acetylene, indicating that olefins and OVOCs contributed to the formation of O₃. The effective control of paint solvents and industrial production emissions will be conducive to controlling the generation of SOA in Taiyuan. Control of vehicle emissions is an effective measure for reducing O₃ pollution.

Key words: Taiyuan, volatile organic compounds, pollution characteristics, secondary organic aerosol formation potential, ozone formation potential

中图分类号:

陈思宇, 孙丽娟, 苏枞枞, 于兴娜. 太原市春夏季VOCs组成特征及其对二次有机气溶胶和臭氧的贡献[J]. 生态环境学报, 2025, 34(4): 548-555.

CHEN Siyu, SUN Lijuan, SU Congcong, YU Xingna. Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds and its Contribution to Secondary Organic Aerosol and Ozone in Spring and Summer in Taiyuan[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2025, 34(4): 548-555.

图/表 6

图1 太原市春夏季VOCs各组分占比及体积分数排名前10物种

Figure 1 Proportion of VOCs components and top ten VOCs species in spring and summer in Taiyuan

图2 太原市春夏季气象要素及各VOCs物种浓度日变化特征

Figure 2 Daily variation of Meteorological element and VOCs species concentration in Taiyuan during spring and summer

图3 观测期间φ(T)/φ(B)比值日变化特征

Figure 3 Daily variation of φ(T)/φ(B) ratio throughout the observation period

图4 对二次有机气溶胶生成潜势贡献前10的VOCs物种

Figure 4 The top ten VOCs species contributed the most to SOAFP

图5 VOCs体积分数占比及其对OFP和等效丙烯浓度的贡献

Figure 5 VOCs volume fraction and its contribution to OFP and equivalent propylene concentration

图6 对OFP和等效丙烯浓度贡献前10的物种

Figure 6 The top ten VOCs species contributed the most to OFP and equivalent propylene concentration

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太原市春夏季VOCs组成特征及其对二次有机气溶胶和臭氧的贡献

Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds and its Contribution to Secondary Organic Aerosol and Ozone in Spring and Summer in Taiyuan

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