The Response Characteristics of NDVI with Different Vegetation Cover Types to Temperature and Precipitation in China

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.01.003

Ecology and Environment ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 23-34.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.01.003

• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles

The Response Characteristics of NDVI with Different Vegetation Cover Types to Temperature and Precipitation in China

LU Qiaoqian¹(), JIANG Tao¹^,^*(), LIU Danli¹, LIU Zhiyong²

1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2. School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China

Received:2019-10-12 Online:2020-01-18 Published:2020-03-09
Contact: JIANG Tao

中国不同植被覆盖类型NDVI对气温和降水的响应特征

卢乔倩¹(), 江涛¹^,^*(), 柳丹丽¹, 刘智勇²

1.中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州 510275
2.中山大学土木工程学院,广东珠海 519082

通讯作者: 江涛
作者简介:卢乔倩（1997年生）,女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为生态与环境水文学。E-mail: luqq5@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51809294)

Abstract

Abstract:

We studied the response characteristics of NDVI to temperature and precipitation regarding 8 long-term stable and typical vegetation types over China by GIS and related statistical methods. The data included the GIMMS NDVI 3g data set (April, 1982?October, 2012), 0.5°×0.5° gridded data set of simultaneous monthly temperature and precipitation (from China Meteorological Data Network) and MODIS land cover products, and 8 vegetation types, i.e. evergreen broadleaf forest, deciduous broadleaf forest, mixed forest, open shrublands, woody savannas, grasslands, croplands and cropland/natural vegetation mosaic. The results showed that: Except for a part of Southwest China and a small part of bare land or low vegetation coverage in Northwest China, the average NDVI during vegetation growth season in other areas of China was significantly positively correlated with temperature. The vegetation NDVI was negatively correlated with precipitation in the areas in south of Tibet and most part of South China because heavy rainfall might hinder plant growth to some extent, and the average NDVI during vegetation growth season in other areas of China was significantly positively correlated with precipitation. Expect for evergreen broadleaf forest and woody savannas, the correlation between other vegetation types and temperature and precipitation was positive, among which, deciduous broadleaf forest, open shrublands and grasslands were all positively correlated with temperature and precipitation, and the response to temperature was stronger than precipitation. The response of NDVI to temperature and precipitation had spatial heterogeneity. Different vegetation types had different correlations with climate factors, and the same vegetation types had different correlations in different regions. NDVI of evergreen broadleaf forest in Southwest China was positively correlated with temperature, while NDVI of evergreen broadleaf forest in South China and Taiwan was negatively correlated with temperature, and warm and humid southwest monsoon might be the cause of the difference. The response of vegetation NDVI to temperature and precipitation had a time-lag effect, which was more significant for precipitation. Different vegetation types had different time lags for different climatic factors, and the response lag period of deciduous broadleaf forest type to temperature was about 1 month at the end of growing season while the response lag period of open shrublands in Northwest China and grasslands in North China was 1?2 months. Over all, the results of this study provide the theoretical basis for constructing and protecting the terrestrial ecological environment in China.

Key words: NDVI, temperature, precipitation, correlation, time lag effect, China

摘要：

基于1982—2012年植被生长季（4—10月）GIMMS NDVI 3g数据集、中国气象数据网同时期气温与降水月值0.5°×0.5°格点数据集（V 2.0）和MODIS土地覆盖产品,运用GIS和相关统计方法,对中国长时间较为稳定的8种典型植被覆盖类型（常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、混交林、开放灌丛、多树的草原、草原、作物以及作物和自然植被的镶嵌体）NDVI与气温和降水的时空响应特征进行研究。结果表明,除西南部分地区和西北小部分裸地或低植被覆盖地区外,其他地区多年生长季平均NDVI与平均气温呈显著正相关;西藏南部和华南大部分地区植被NDVI与降水呈负相关,强降水会对植物生长产生一定阻碍作用,其他地区多年生长季平均NDVI与平均降水呈显著正相关;从植被覆盖类型上看,除常绿阔叶林和多树的草原外,其他植被覆盖类型与气温、降水均呈正相关关系,其中落叶阔叶林、开放灌丛和草原与气温和降水均呈较高的正相关,且对气温的响应比对降水强烈;NDVI对气温和降水的响应具有空间异质性,不同植被覆盖类型NDVI与气温和降水的相关性不同,相同植被覆盖类型NDVI在不同地区的相关性也不同,分布在西南地区的常绿阔叶林NDVI与气温呈正相关,而分布在华南、台湾地区的常绿阔叶林NDVI与气温呈负相关,暖湿西南季风可能是造成差异的原因;植被NDVI对气温、降水的响应存在时滞效应,对降水的时滞效应更为显著,不同植被覆盖类型NDVI对气温和降水的滞后期不同,在生长季末期,落叶阔叶林NDVI对气温的响应滞后期约为1个月,西南开放灌丛和华北草原带NDVI对降水的响应滞后期为1—2个月。研究结果可为中国陆地生态环境建设及保护提供理论依据。

关键词: NDVI, 气温, 降水, 相关性, 时滞效应, 中国

CLC Number:

Q948
X17

LU Qiaoqian, JIANG Tao, LIU Danli, LIU Zhiyong. The Response Characteristics of NDVI with Different Vegetation Cover Types to Temperature and Precipitation in China[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2020, 29(1): 23-34.

卢乔倩, 江涛, 柳丹丽, 刘智勇. 中国不同植被覆盖类型NDVI对气温和降水的响应特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2020, 29(1): 23-34.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig. 1 Distribution map of 7 regions of China

Table 1 Monthly mean temperature and precipitation over China for the period 1982?2012

月份 Month	月气温 Temperature/℃	月降水 Precipitation/mm
4	8.6	43.2
5	14	64.9
6	17.6	101.2
7	19.8	132.8
8	18.7	94.8
9	13.8	70.7
10	6.9	28.7

Fig. 2 Annual variation of temperature and precipitation during the growing season in China in 1982?2012

Fig. 3 Vegetation cover types across China over the period 2001?2011

Table 2 Maximum values, minimum values and mean values of NDVI for different vegetation cover types during the growing season in China in 1982?2012

植被覆盖类型 Vegetation types	最小值 Minimum values	最大值 Maximum values	平均值 Mean values
常绿阔叶林 Evergreen Broadleaf forest	0.7102	0.7968	0.7494
落叶阔叶林 Deciduous Broadleaf forest	0.6854	0.7832	0.7492
混交林 Mixed forest	0.6954	0.7662	0.7298
多树的草原 Woody savannas	0.6774	0.7568	0.7131
作物和自然植被的镶嵌体 Cropland/Natural vegetation mosaic	0.6587	0.7074	0.6799
作物 Croplands	0.5375	0.6014	0.5734
草原 Grasslands	0.3465	0.3850	0.3666
开放灌丛 Open shrublands	0.1119	0.1314	0.1211

Fig. 4 Changes of NDVI for different vegetation cover types during the growing season in China in 1982?2012

Fig. 5 Spatial distribution of correlation between average NDVI and temperature/precipitation during growing season in 1982?2012

Table 3 Correlation coefficients between mean NDVI and temperature/precipitation for 8 vegetation cover types during the growing season in China in 1982?2012

植被覆盖类型 Vegetation cover types	气温 Temperature	降水 Precipitation
常绿阔叶林 Evergreen Broadleaf forest	0.0845	-0.3104
落叶阔叶林 Deciduous Broadleaf forest	0.9077^**	0.809^*
混交林 Mixed forest	0.5614	0.3324
开放灌丛 Open shrublands	0.8471^*	0.7232
多树的草原 Woody savannas	0.292	-0.078
草原 Grasslands	0.8528^*	0.7989
作物 Croplands	0.7033	0.5805
作物和自然植被的镶嵌体Cropland/Natural vegetation mosaic	0.6249	0.4837

Fig. 6 Correlation distribution of NDVI and temperature for each month of the growing season

Fig. 7 Boxplot of correlation between NDVI and temperature for each month of the growing season The corresponding relationship of vegetation cover types in abscissa is 1-Evergreen Broadleaf forest, 2-Deciduous Broadleaf forest, 3-Mixed forest, 4-Open shrublands, 5-Woody savannas, 6-Grasslands, 7-Croplands, 8-Cropland/Natural vegetation mosaic. The same below

Fig. 8 Correlation distribution of NDVI and precipitation for each month of the growing season

Fig. 9 Correlation distribution of NDVI and temperature with 1 month lag

Fig. 10 Boxplot of correlation between NDVI and temperature with 1 month lag

Fig. 11 Correlation distribution of NDVI and precipitation with 1 month lag

Fig. 12 Boxplot of correlation between NDVI and precipitation with 1 month lag

Fig. 13 Correlation distribution of NDVI and temperature with 2 months lag

Fig. 14 Correlation distribution of NDVI and precipitation with 2 months lag

Fig. 15 Boxplot of correlation between NDVI and precipitation with 2 months lag

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The Response Characteristics of NDVI with Different Vegetation Cover Types to Temperature and Precipitation in China

中国不同植被覆盖类型NDVI对气温和降水的响应特征

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