改性煤气化渣对水中磺胺嘧啶吸附性能及机理研究

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.02.010

生态环境学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 267-277.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.02.010

改性煤气化渣对水中磺胺嘧啶吸附性能及机理研究

范铭洋¹^,²(), 郭春彬²^,³, 邹晶晶¹^,²^,^*(), 罗根华¹^,⁴, 刘越雌¹, 徐颖¹^,²^,^*()

1.辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院，辽宁阜新 123000
2.辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017010
3.辽宁工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院，辽宁阜新 123000
4.毕节职业技术学院，贵州毕节 551700

收稿日期:2025-07-29 修回日期:2026-01-13 接受日期:2026-01-26 出版日期:2026-02-18 发布日期:2026-02-09
通讯作者: 邹晶晶,徐颖
作者简介:范铭洋（2000年生），女（蒙古族），硕士研究生，研究方向为水环境污染治理研究。E-mail: 472321939@stu.lntu.edu.cn
基金资助:
鄂尔多斯科技突围“揭榜挂帅”重大项目(JBGS2024010);辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院校地科技合作培育项目(YJ-XD-2024-B-001);辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院校地科技合作培育项目(YJY-XD-2024-A-021);辽宁工程技术大学鄂尔多斯研究院校地科技合作培育项目(YJY-XD-2024-A-022);辽宁省教育厅项目(LJ212410147075);辽宁省自然科学基金联合基金项目(20240305);辽宁省自然科学基金联合基金项目(20240306)

Study on the Adsorption Performance and Mechanism of Modified Coal Gasification Slag for Sulfadiazine in Aquatic Environment

FAN Mingyang¹^,²(), GUO Chunbin²^,³, ZOU Jingjing¹^,²^,^*(), LUO Genhua¹^,⁴, LIU Yueci¹, XU Ying¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, P. R. China
2. Ordos Research Institute, Liaoning Technical University, Ordos 017010, P. R. China
3. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, P. R. China
4. Bijie Vocational and Technical College, Bijie 551700, P. R. China

Received:2025-07-29 Revised:2026-01-13 Accepted:2026-01-26 Online:2026-02-18 Published:2026-02-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了吸附工业废水中的磺胺嘧啶（SDZ），该研究旨在将固体废弃物煤气化渣（CGS）进行水热改性，制备出吸附性能良好的吸附剂——改性煤气化渣（HCGS），并分析和探索其物理化学特性、吸附性能及机理。通过对CGS进行不同酸浓度和温度条件下的改性处理，对不同改性条件下氧化物浸出量、硅羟基（Si−OH）含量和吸附性能的皮尔逊相关性进行分析，对吸附条件进行探究，结合XRD、FT-IR、SEM、BET、XPS等表征分析，结果表明，最佳改性温度为80 ℃、盐酸质量分数为16%；HCGS比表面积可达326 m²∙g⁻¹、对SDZ的吸附量可达24.8 mg∙g⁻¹；改性机制主要与硅羟基的生成和羟基质子化有关；最佳吸附时间为180 min，SDZ的初始质量浓度为20 mg∙L⁻¹，pH为8，吸附剂投加量为30 mg；吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型，是以化学吸附为主的非均相扩散过程；颗粒内扩散模型表明吸附过程除内扩散之外还受到其他因素的影响；吸附机理与氢键和静电作用有关。该研究将CGS转化为高性能低成本的吸附材料，实现固废资源化与抗生素污染治理的双重目标，为抗生素工业废水治理提供了理论基础与技术支持。

关键词: 磺胺嘧啶, 煤气化渣, 改性, 吸附, 水环境

Abstract:

This study aimed to prepare a high-performance adsorbent (highly active coal gasification slag, HCGS) to adsorb sulfadiazine (SDZ) from industrial wastewater. HCGS was synthesized through the hydrothermal modification of solid waste coal gasification slag (CGS). This study analyzed and explored the physicochemical properties, adsorption performance and mechanisms. The modification of CGS under different acid concentrations and temperature conditions was conducted, with Pearson correlation analysis performed on the leaching of oxides, Si−OH content, and adsorption performance under various modification conditions. The adsorption conditions were explored, and the materials were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET, and XPS. The results demonstrated that the optimal modification temperature was 80 ℃ and the mass fraction of hydrochloric acid was 16%. The specific surface area of HCGS reached 326 m²∙g⁻¹, and its adsorption capacity for SDZ reached 24.8 mg∙g⁻¹. The modification mechanism was primarily attributed to the formation of silanol groups and the protonation of hydroxyl groups. The optimal adsorption conditions included 180 min contact time, initial SDZ concentration of 20 mg∙L⁻¹, pH of 8, and adsorbent dosage of 30 mg. The adsorption kinetics followed a quasi-second-order kinetic model, indicating a heterogeneous diffusion process dominated by chemical adsorption. The intra-particle diffusion model suggested that the adsorption process was influenced by additional factors beyond intra-particle diffusion. The adsorption mechanism was related to hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. This study converted CGS into high-performance and low-cost adsorbent materials, achieving the dual goals of solid waste resource utilization and antibiotic pollution control, and providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the treatment of antibiotic industrial wastewater.

Key words: sulfadazine, coal gasification slag, modification, adsorption, aquatic environment

中图分类号:

X132
X52

范铭洋, 郭春彬, 邹晶晶, 罗根华, 刘越雌, 徐颖. 改性煤气化渣对水中磺胺嘧啶吸附性能及机理研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2026, 35(2): 267-277.

FAN Mingyang, GUO Chunbin, ZOU Jingjing, LUO Genhua, LIU Yueci, XU Ying. Study on the Adsorption Performance and Mechanism of Modified Coal Gasification Slag for Sulfadiazine in Aquatic Environment[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2026, 35(2): 267-277.

图/表 11

表1 煤气化渣样品的化学成分

Table 1 Chemical compositions of the coal gasification slag sample

组成	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	TiO₂	CaO	Fe₂O₃	MgO	LOI
质量分数/%	42.5	21.4	2.2	6.2	11.4	3.9	12.4

图1 温度和酸质量分数对吸附性能的影响 n=2。下同

Figure 1 Effects of temperature and acid mass fraction on adsorption performance

图2 HCGS和CGS的材料表征图

Figure 2 Material characterization diagrams of HCGS and CGS

图3 不同改性条件下组分含量与吸附性能的相关性

Figure 3 Correlation between component content and adsorption performance under different modification conditions

图4 改性机理图

Figure 4 The modification mechanism diagram

图5 HCGS在不同吸附条件下对SDZ吸附性能图

Figure 5 The adsorption performance diagrams of HCGS on SDZ under different adsorption conditions

图6 动力学拟合曲线

Figure 6 Kinetics fitting curves

表2 吸附SDZ的动力学模型拟合结果

Table 2 Kinetics model fitting results of adsorbed SDZ

质量浓度/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	准一级动力学模型				准二级动力学模型				Elovich 模型
质量浓度/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	k₁/min⁻¹	q_1e/(mg∙g⁻¹)	r₁²		k₂/(g∙mg⁻¹∙min⁻¹)	q_2e/(mg∙g⁻¹)	r₂²		β/(g∙mg⁻¹)	α/(mg∙g⁻¹∙min⁻¹)	r_e²
20	0.012	5.9	0.961		0.013	24.9	0.999		0.655	4.81×10³	0.961

表3 吸附SDZ的颗粒内扩散模型拟合结果

Table 3 Intra-particle diffusion model fitting results of adsorbed SDZ

质量浓度/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	颗粒内扩散模型
质量浓度/ (mg∙L⁻¹)	k_d1/(mg∙g⁻¹∙min^−0.5)	w₁/(mg∙g⁻¹)	r_d1²	k_d2/(mg∙g⁻¹∙min^−0.5)	w₂/(mg∙g⁻¹)	r_d2²	k_d3/(mg∙g⁻¹∙min^−0.5)	w₃/(mg∙g⁻¹)	r_d3²
20	1.372	14.688	0.962	0.518	18.582	0.895	0.046	23.684	0.758

图7 吸附前后HCGS的材料表征图

Figure 7 Material characterization diagrams of HCGS before and after adsorption

图8 吸附机理图

Figure 8 The adsorption mechanism diagram

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改性煤气化渣对水中磺胺嘧啶吸附性能及机理研究

Study on the Adsorption Performance and Mechanism of Modified Coal Gasification Slag for Sulfadiazine in Aquatic Environment

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