Responses of Soil Mesofauna in Agricultural Fields to the Frequency of Corn Stover Mulching in Northeastern China’s Black Soil Region

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.05.004

Ecology and Environment ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 699-707.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.05.004

• Research Article [Ecology] • Previous Articles Next Articles

Responses of Soil Mesofauna in Agricultural Fields to the Frequency of Corn Stover Mulching in Northeastern China’s Black Soil Region

JIANG Yunfeng^*(), YAN Ting, LIU Junnan, MA Bingzeng, WANG Haimeng, DOU Xiaomeng

College of Geography Sciences and Tourism, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China

Received:2024-01-29 Online:2024-05-18 Published:2024-06-27

黑土区农田中型土壤动物群落对免耕玉米秸秆覆盖频率的响应

蒋云峰^*(), 严婷, 刘俊男, 马丙增, 王海萌, 窦笑萌

吉林师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，吉林四平 136000

通讯作者: *
作者简介:蒋云峰（1980年生），副教授，博士，主要从事土壤动物生态学方面的研究。E-mail: jiangyf427@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41401283);吉林省科技发展计划项目项目(20160520080JH)

Abstract

Abstract:

Conservation tillage, comprising stover mulching and reduced/no tillage, is extensively advocated in Northeast China's black soil region to preserve its valuable soil resources. Understanding the response of soil mesofauna to stover mulching frequency is crucial for assessing the impact of conservation tillage on farmland soil ecology. This research was conducted at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ conservation tillage research and development facility in Lishu County, Jilin Province. Five treatments were applied: conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage without stover mulching (NT-0), no-tillage with low-frequency stover mulching (NT-1/3), no-tillage with medium-frequency stover mulching (NT-2/3), and no-tillage with high-frequency stover mulching (NT-3/3). The response patterns of soil mesofauna to stover mulching frequency were explored by analyzing the composition of soil mesofauna in sample plots subjected to various mulching frequency. Results revealed that the total individual density of soil mesofauna was significantly higher in NT-2/3 compared to that in other treatments in spring and notably higher than CT in NT-0 and NT-1/3 during the fall. Moreover, diversity and evenness indices were significantly higher in CT and NT-1/3 during summer and fall, respectively, compared to those in NT-0. Seasonal differences were seen in the responses of various soil mesofauna types to no-tillage stover mulching frequency. In spring, NT-2/3 exhibited significantly higher Oribatida density, while NT-0 had the highest density in summer and autumn. In spring and summer, NT-1/3 showed substantially higher Prostigmata density compared to CT. Additionally, significant differences were observed among treatments for various mesofauna families across different seasons. The frequency of stover mulching exhibited a significant quadratic association with diversity and evenness indices in summer and autumn and with total individual mesofauna density in spring and autumn. Moreover, it was significantly associated with Acari and Collembola densities across seasons. These findings underscore the seasonal variability in soil mesofauna responses to stover mulching frequency. This study provides insights into the management of straw mulching in the black soil area for optimizing soil fauna dynamics.

Key words: soil mesofauna, no-tillage, corn stover mulching, mulching frequency, community structure, Black Soil Region

摘要：

为保护黑土资源，以少/免耕秸秆覆盖还田为主要特征的保护性耕作在东北黑土区广泛推广。研究黑土区农田中型土壤动物群落对秸秆覆盖频率的响应利于理解保护性耕作对农田土壤生态环境的影响。在中国科学院设于吉林省梨树县保护性耕作研发基地开展研究，试验设5种处理：常规耕作（CT）、免耕无秸秆覆盖（NT-0）、免耕低频秸秆覆盖（NT-1/3）、免耕中频秸秆覆盖（NT-2/3）和免耕高频秸秆覆盖（NT-3/3）。通过调查不同覆盖频率样地中型土壤动物组成，研究其对秸秆覆盖频率的响应规律。结果显示，中型土壤动物总个体密度春季NT-2/3显著高于其他处理，秋季NT-0和NT-1/3显著高于CT；多样性和均匀度夏季CT、NT-1/3和NT-2/3显著高于NT-0，秋季秸秆覆盖处理显著高于NT-0。各中型土壤动物类群对秸秆覆盖频率响应存在明显季节变异。甲螨亚目春季NT-2/3显著高于其他处理，夏秋季NT-0显著高于其他处理；辐螨亚目春秋季NT-1/3显著高于CT、NT-0。春季球角跳科和长角跳科分别是NT-3/3、NT-2/3显著高于CT和NT-0；夏季球角跳科NT-2/3显著高于CT、NT-0和NT-1/3；秋季等节跳科、球角跳科、长角跳科和拟亚跳科分别是NT-1/3、NT-0和NT-3/3、NT-3/3、NT-0显著高于CT。覆盖频率与中型土壤动物总个体密度在春秋季而与多样性和均匀度指数在夏秋季呈显著二次曲线关系；与弹尾目密度在春季，蜱螨目密度在3个季节呈显著二次曲线关系。这说明中型土壤动物对秸秆覆盖频率的响应存在季节变异。该研究为黑土区秸秆覆盖还田有效管理提供了土壤动物学依据。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 覆盖频率, 中型土壤动物, 群落结构, 农田生态系统, 黑土区

CLC Number:

JIANG Yunfeng, YAN Ting, LIU Junnan, MA Bingzeng, WANG Haimeng, DOU Xiaomeng. Responses of Soil Mesofauna in Agricultural Fields to the Frequency of Corn Stover Mulching in Northeastern China’s Black Soil Region[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(5): 699-707.

蒋云峰, 严婷, 刘俊男, 马丙增, 王海萌, 窦笑萌. 黑土区农田中型土壤动物群落对免耕玉米秸秆覆盖频率的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(5): 699-707.

Figures/Tables 9

References 34

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项目		季节			处理			季节×处理
项目		df	F	p	df	F	p	df	F	p
群落	总个体密度	2	28.390	<0.001	4	5.931	0.001	8	5.114	<0.001
	多样性指数	2	1.883	0.164	4	1.906	0.126	8	1.949	0.076
	均匀度指数	2	2.664	0.081	4	2.754	0.039	8	2.762	0.014
主要类群密度	甲螨亚目	2	23.954	<0.001	4	9.973	<0.001	8	10.851	<0.001
	辐螨亚目	2	1.026	0.367	4	2.801	0.036	8	0.694	0.695
	等节跳科	2	3.284	0.047	4	1.487	0.222	8	1.670	0.132
	球角跳科	2	30.319	<0.001	4	2.947	0.030	8	1.420	0.670
	拟亚跳科	2	6.302	0.004	4	1.063	0.385	8	1.521	0.177
	长角跳科	2	4.803	0.013	4	2.591	0.049	8	1.120	0.368
	铗尾虫	2	44.662	<0.001	4	5.092	0.002	8	5.092	<0.001
	双翅目	2	9.935	0.002	4	0.788	0.551	8	1.481	0.206

项目		季节			处理			季节×处理
项目		df	F	p	df	F	p	df	F	p
群落	总个体密度	2	28.390	<0.001	4	5.931	0.001	8	5.114	<0.001
	多样性指数	2	1.883	0.164	4	1.906	0.126	8	1.949	0.076
	均匀度指数	2	2.664	0.081	4	2.754	0.039	8	2.762	0.014
主要类群密度	甲螨亚目	2	23.954	<0.001	4	9.973	<0.001	8	10.851	<0.001
	辐螨亚目	2	1.026	0.367	4	2.801	0.036	8	0.694	0.695
	等节跳科	2	3.284	0.047	4	1.487	0.222	8	1.670	0.132
	球角跳科	2	30.319	<0.001	4	2.947	0.030	8	1.420	0.670
	拟亚跳科	2	6.302	0.004	4	1.063	0.385	8	1.521	0.177
	长角跳科	2	4.803	0.013	4	2.591	0.049	8	1.120	0.368
	铗尾虫	2	44.662	<0.001	4	5.092	0.002	8	5.092	<0.001
	双翅目	2	9.935	0.002	4	0.788	0.551	8	1.481	0.206

处理	春季		夏季		秋季
处理	t	p	t	p	t	p
CT vs. NT-0	0.433	0.945	2.654	0.031	4.077	0.024
CT vs. NT-1/3	2.319	0.089	0.535	0.810	1.849	0.059
CT vs. NT-2/3	3.859	0.028	1.545	0.082	2.131	0.027
CT vs. NT-3/3	3.071	0.029	1.379	0.109	2.633	0.031
NT-0 vs. NT-1/3	3.063	0.029	2.802	0.026	1.281	0.357
NT-0 vs. NT-2/3	4.762	0.026	1.863	0.061	2.681	0.026
NT-0 vs. NT-3/3	3.726	0.031	1.062	0.392	2.952	0.028
NT-1/3 vs. NT-2/3	4.673	0.030	1.497	0.082	0.937	0.489
NT-1/3 vs. NT-3/3	2.695	0.027	1.498	0.057	1.00	0.406
NT-2/3 vs. NT-3/3	1.349	0.204	0.869	0.446	0.196	1.000

处理	春季		夏季		秋季
处理	t	p	t	p	t	p
CT vs. NT-0	0.433	0.945	2.654	0.031	4.077	0.024
CT vs. NT-1/3	2.319	0.089	0.535	0.810	1.849	0.059
CT vs. NT-2/3	3.859	0.028	1.545	0.082	2.131	0.027
CT vs. NT-3/3	3.071	0.029	1.379	0.109	2.633	0.031
NT-0 vs. NT-1/3	3.063	0.029	2.802	0.026	1.281	0.357
NT-0 vs. NT-2/3	4.762	0.026	1.863	0.061	2.681	0.026
NT-0 vs. NT-3/3	3.726	0.031	1.062	0.392	2.952	0.028
NT-1/3 vs. NT-2/3	4.673	0.030	1.497	0.082	0.937	0.489
NT-1/3 vs. NT-3/3	2.695	0.027	1.498	0.057	1.00	0.406
NT-2/3 vs. NT-3/3	1.349	0.204	0.869	0.446	0.196	1.000

Responses of Soil Mesofauna in Agricultural Fields to the Frequency of Corn Stover Mulching in Northeastern China’s Black Soil Region

黑土区农田中型土壤动物群落对免耕玉米秸秆覆盖频率的响应

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处理	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
CT	垄作	垄作	垄作	垄作	垄作	垄作	垄作	垄作	垄作
NT-0
NT-1/3	*			*			*
NT-2/3	*	*		*	*		*	*
NT-3/3	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*

[1]	LI Qing, ZHANG Mengyue, YU Mingqiao, LI Xiaoxuan, CHANG Ming, CHEN Libin, DING Sen. Community Structure and Influencing Factors of Macroinvertebrate in Urban Rivers of Dongguan [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(1): 101-110.
[2]	SONG Simeng, LIN Dongmei, ZHOU Hengyu, LUO Zongzhi, ZHANG Lili, YI Chao, LIN Hui, LIN Xingsheng, LIU Bin, SU Dewei, ZHENG Dan, YU Shikui, LIN Zhanxi. Effects of Planting Cenchrus fungigraminus on Plant Species Diversity and Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Ulan Buh Desert [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(9): 1595-1605.
[3]	LIANG Chuan, YANG Yanfang, YU Shanshan, ZHOU Li, ZHANG Jingwei, ZHANG Xiujuan. Differences of Microbial Biomass and Community Structure Characteristics in Sediments under Net-pen and Pond Fish Farming [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(8): 1487-1495.
[4]	HOU Hui, YAN Peixuan, XIE Qinmi, ZHAO Hongliang, PANG Danbo, CHEN Lin, LI Xuebin, HU Yang, LIANG Yongliang, NI Xilu. Characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community Diversity in the Rhizosphere Soils of Prunus mongolica Scrub of Helan Mountain [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(5): 857-865.
[5]	JIANG Yongwei, DING Zhenjun, YUAN Junbin, ZHANG Zheng, LI Yang, WEN Qingchun, WANG Yeyao, JIN Xiaowei. Study on Benthic Macroinvertebrates Community Structure and Water Quality Evaluation in Main Rivers of Liaoning Province [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(5): 969-979.
[6]	WANG Yun, ZHENG Xilai, CAO Min, LI Lei, SONG Xiaoran, LIN Xiaolei, GUO Kai. Study on Denitrification Performance and Control Factors in Brackish-Freshwater Transition Zone of Coastal Aquifer [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(5): 980-988.
[7]	KOU Zhu, QING Chun, YUAN Changguo, LI Ping. Diversity and Distribution of Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria in Hot Springs of Northeast Tibet, China [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(5): 989-1000.
[8]	HU Fang, LIU Jutao, WEN Chunyun, HAN Liu, WEN Hui. Phytoplankton Community Structure and Evaluation of Aquatic Ecological Conditions in Fu River Basin [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(4): 744-755.
[9]	YU Fei, ZENG Hailong, FANG Huaiyang, FU Lingfang, LIN Shu, DONG Jiahao. Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics of Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Water Quality Evaluation in the Typical Tidal River Network [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(4): 756-765.
[10]	WU Weilong, CHEN Yijie, WEI Ting, YANG Guiqiong, YANG Changhong, ZHEN Zhen, LIN Zhong. Mechanisms of Earthworm-driven Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Coastal Saline Agricultural Soils [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(11): 1996-2006.
[11]	ZHAO Yanchu, WANG Fei, WU Dan, HUANG Xin, CHEN Jialin, ZHOU Linpu, KONG Fanqing. Health Assessment of Haihe River Basin Based on Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(10): 1785-1793.
[12]	LIANG Chuan, YANG Yanfang, YU Shanshan, ZHOU Li, ZHANG Jingwei, ZHANG Xiujuan. Differences of Microbial Biomass and Community Structure Characteristics in Sediments under Net-pen and Pond Fish Farming [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(10): 1802-1810.
[13]	LI Xuan, QIAN Xiuwen, HUANG Juan, WANG Mingyu, XIAO Jun. Responses of Operating Performance and Microbial Community in Constructed Wetlands to NiO NPs Exposure [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(10): 1833-1841.
[14]	WANG Lixiao, LIU Jinxian, CHAI Baofeng. Response of Soil Bacterial Community and Nitrogen Cycle during the Natural Recovery of Abandoned Farmland in Subalpine of the North China [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(8): 1537-1546.
[15]	GU Chen, JIA Zhiqing, DU Bobo, HE Lingxianzi, LI Qingxue. Reviews and Prospects of Ecological Restoration Measures for Degraded Grasslands of China [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(7): 1465-1475.