Soil Ecological Stoichiometry and Its Influencing Factors at Different Elevations in Nanling Mountains

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.01.009

Ecology and Environment ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 80-89.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.01.009

• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles

Soil Ecological Stoichiometry and Its Influencing Factors at Different Elevations in Nanling Mountains

HUANG Weijia¹^,²^,³(), LIU Chun¹, LIU Yue⁴, HUANG Bin²^,³, LI Dingqiang²^,³, YUAN Zaijian²^,³^,^*()

1. College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
2. National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source Pollution Control/Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
3. International Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Meizhou 514000, P. R. China
4. Jiangxi Geological Survey and Exploration Institute, Nanchang 330201, P. R. China

Received:2022-08-10 Online:2023-01-18 Published:2023-04-06
Contact: YUAN Zaijian

南岭山地不同海拔土壤生态化学计量特征及影响因素

黄伟佳¹^,²^,³(), 刘春¹, 刘岳⁴, 黄斌²^,³, 李定强²^,³, 袁再健²^,³^,^*()

1.暨南大学生命科学技术学院，广东广州 510632
2.广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所/华南土壤污染控制与修复国家地方联合工程研究中心/广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室/广东省面源污染防治工程技术研究中心，广东广州 510650
3.梅州市国际水土保持研究院，广东梅州 514000
4.江西省地质调查勘查院，江西南昌 330201

通讯作者: 袁再健
作者简介:黄伟佳（1997年生），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为土壤碳循环。E-mail: 976652113@qq.com
基金资助:
广东省重点研发计划项目(2020B1111530001);广东省科技计划项目(2021B1212050019);广东省科技计划项目(2018B030324001);广东省科技计划项目(2022A050509005);广东省科学院专项资金项目(2022GDASZH-2022010203);广东省科学院专项资金项目(2022GDASZH-2022010105);梅州市科技计划项目(2020B0204001)

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil ecological stoichiometry is an important index to characterize soil nutrient requirement and limitation. In order to explore the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soils at different altitude gradients, soils at different altitudes in Nanling Mountains were selected as the research objects. The soils (0-60 cm) at different altitudes were stratified and collected. The characteristics of soil nutrients, microbial biomass C, N, P, enzyme activities and their ecological stoichiometric ratios and the influencing factors in different elevation gradients of Nanling mountains were analyzed. The results show that: (1) The contents of soil organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) and β-glucosidase (BG) activity were higher at middle and high altitudes than at low altitudes. The microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content, N-1, 4-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) and acid phosphatase (AP) activities fluctuated along the altitude, and the MBC content, NAG activity and AP activity was highest at 402 m, 809 m and 402 m, respectively. (2) Soil w_(C)/w_(N), w_(MBC)/w_(MBN), w_(MBC)/w_(MBP), w_(MBN)/w_(MBP), NAG:AP were the highest at 809 m, soil w_(C)/w_(P), w_(N)/w_(P), BG:AP were the highest at 1364 m, and soil BG:NAG was the highest at 1536 m. (3) Soil moisture content, TOC and TN accounted for 25.0%, 17.9% and 13.6% of soil stoichiometric ratios, respectively. Water content was significantly positively correlated with w_(N)/w_(P) (P<0.05), was very significantly positively correlated with BG:NAG (P<0.01) and very significantly negatively correlated with w_(MBC)/w_(MBP) and NAG:AP (P<0.01) and significantly negatively correlated with w_(MBN)/w_(MBP) (P<0.05); TOC was very significantly positively correlated with w_(C)/w_(P), w_(N)/w_(P), BG:AP (P<0.01); TN was very significantly positively correlated with w_(N)/w_(P) (P<0.01), was significantly positively correlated with w_(C)/w_(P)、BG:NAG, BG:AP (P<0.05) and significantly negatively correlated with w_(C)/w_(N) (P<0.05). Soil nutrients, microbial biomass and enzyme activity stoichiometric ratio in Nanling mountains had obvious elevation gradient changes. Soil physical and chemical properties had important effects on soil stoichiometric ratio, which was of great significance for further study of soil nutrient balance and limiting factors in Nanling mountains.

Key words: Nanling Mountains, elevation gradient, nutrient, microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, soil enzymes, stoichiometry

摘要：

土壤生态化学计量比是表征土壤养分需求与限制的重要指标。为了探究不同海拔梯度土壤生态化学计量特征，选择南岭山地不同海拔土壤为研究对象，分层采集不同海拔0—60 cm土壤，通过测定土壤基本理化性质、微生物生物量碳氮磷和土壤酶活性，分析南岭不同海拔梯度山地土壤养分、微生物生物量碳氮磷、酶活性及其生态化学计量比特征及影响因素。研究结果表明：（1）土壤有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、微生物量氮（MBN）、微生物量磷（MBP）含量和β-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）活性在中高海拔处高于低海拔处，而微生物量碳（MBC）含量、N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）和酸性磷酸酶（AP）活性沿海拔呈现波动变化，其中MBC含量，NAG和AP活性分别在402、809和402 m处到达最高；（2）土壤w_(C)/w_(N)、w_(MBC)/w_(MBN)、w_(MBC)/w_(MBP)、w_(MBN)/w_(MBP)、NAG:AP均在809 m处最高，土壤w_(C)/w_(P)、w_(N)/w_(P)、BG:AP均在1364 m处最高，土壤BG:NAG在1536 m处最高；（3）土壤含水率、TOC、TN分别解释了土壤各化学计量比的25.0%、17.9%、13.6%。其中，含水率与w_(N)/w_(P)显著正相关（P<0.05），与BG:NAG极显著正相关（P<0.01），与w_(MBC)/w_(MBP)、NAG:AP极显著负相关（P<0.01），与w_(MBN)/w_(MBP)显著负相关（P<0.05）；TOC与w_(C)/w_(P)、w_(N)/w_(P)、BG:AP极显著正相关（P<0.01）；TN与w_(N)/w_(P)极显著正相关（P<0.01），与w_(C)/w_(P)、BG:NAG、BG:AP显著正相关（P<0.05），与w_(C)/w_(N)显著负相关（P<0.05）。南岭山地土壤养分、微生物量、酶活性化学计量比有明显的海拔梯度变化特征，土壤理化性质对土壤化学计量比具有重要的影响，对于深入研究南岭山地土壤养分平衡状况和限制因素具有重要的意义。

关键词: 南岭山地, 海拔, 养分, 微生物量碳氮磷, 土壤酶, 化学计量

CLC Number:

HUANG Weijia, LIU Chun, LIU Yue, HUANG Bin, LI Dingqiang, YUAN Zaijian. Soil Ecological Stoichiometry and Its Influencing Factors at Different Elevations in Nanling Mountains[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(1): 80-89.

黄伟佳, 刘春, 刘岳, 黄斌, 李定强, 袁再健. 南岭山地不同海拔土壤生态化学计量特征及影响因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(1): 80-89.

Figures/Tables 7

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样地	海拔/m	坡向	坡度/(°)	经纬度	土壤类型	植被类型	优势植被
S1	402	SW	8	112°47′23.49″E, 24°50′21.82″N	山地红壤	沟谷常绿阔叶林	广东润楠 Machiluskwangtungensis、石栎 Lithocarpusglaber、鹿角锥 Castanopsislamontii、赤楠 Syzygiumbuxifolium
S2	809	NE	15	112°44′28.47″E, 24°55′28.46″N	山地红壤	沟谷常绿阔叶林	广东润楠 Machiluskwangtungensis、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca、罗浮锥 Castanopsisfabri、小叶青冈Cyclobalanopsismyrsinifolia
S3	1184	NE	10	113°0′19.08″E, 24°56′8.79″N	山地黄壤	山地常绿阔叶林	鹿角锥 Castanopsislamontii、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca、千年桐 Verniciamontana、罗浮锥 Castanopsisfabri、甜槠 Castanopsiseyrei
S4	1364	NE	15	113°1′20.83″E, 24°53′50.52″N	山地黄壤	针阔混交林	广东松 PinusKwangtungensis、荷木 Schimasuperba、马尾松 Pinusmassoniana、甜槠 Castanopsiseyrei、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca
S5	1536	SW	5	112°58′12.27″E, 24°55′22.30″N	山地草甸土	山顶草甸	五节芒 Miscanthusfloridulus
S6	1653	SE	8	112°59′8.22″E, 24°55′48.56″N	山地黄壤	山顶矮林	野茉莉 Styrax japonicus、少花桂 Cinnamomum pauciflorum、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca

样地	海拔/m	坡向	坡度/(°)	经纬度	土壤类型	植被类型	优势植被
S1	402	SW	8	112°47′23.49″E, 24°50′21.82″N	山地红壤	沟谷常绿阔叶林	广东润楠 Machiluskwangtungensis、石栎 Lithocarpusglaber、鹿角锥 Castanopsislamontii、赤楠 Syzygiumbuxifolium
S2	809	NE	15	112°44′28.47″E, 24°55′28.46″N	山地红壤	沟谷常绿阔叶林	广东润楠 Machiluskwangtungensis、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca、罗浮锥 Castanopsisfabri、小叶青冈Cyclobalanopsismyrsinifolia
S3	1184	NE	10	113°0′19.08″E, 24°56′8.79″N	山地黄壤	山地常绿阔叶林	鹿角锥 Castanopsislamontii、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca、千年桐 Verniciamontana、罗浮锥 Castanopsisfabri、甜槠 Castanopsiseyrei
S4	1364	NE	15	113°1′20.83″E, 24°53′50.52″N	山地黄壤	针阔混交林	广东松 PinusKwangtungensis、荷木 Schimasuperba、马尾松 Pinusmassoniana、甜槠 Castanopsiseyrei、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca
S5	1536	SW	5	112°58′12.27″E, 24°55′22.30″N	山地草甸土	山顶草甸	五节芒 Miscanthusfloridulus
S6	1653	SE	8	112°59′8.22″E, 24°55′48.56″N	山地黄壤	山顶矮林	野茉莉 Styrax japonicus、少花桂 Cinnamomum pauciflorum、青冈 Cyclobalanopsisglauca

采样点	深度/cm	pH	容重/(g·cm^-3)	含水率/%	w_(有机碳)/(g·kg^-1)	w_(总氮)/(g·kg^-1)	w_(总磷)/(g·kg^-1)
S1	0-20	4.15±0.06bBC	0.94±0.15aA	38.64±2.79aABC	36.12±7.85aD	2.58±0.57aC	0.32±0.04aB
	20-40	4.31±0.08abB	1.15±0.16aAB	34.45±0.39aCD	24.15±6.09abC	1.51±0.52bC	0.29±0.01aA
	40-60	4.40±0.10aC	1.21±0.07aB	32.07±3.63aC	17.89±6.38bBC	1.02±0.32bCD	0.23±0.02bAB
S2	0-20	4.68±0.09aA	0.70±0.01bAB	33.14±1.83aC	44.13±8.88aCD	2.04±0.19aC	0.20±0.03aC
	20-40	4.73±0.13aA	1.39±0.10aA	30.25±0.03aD	13.11±4.12bD	0.35±0.16bD	0.18±0.06aBC
	40-60	4.80±0.04aA	1.44±0.12aA	32.85±3.38aC	8.83±1.17bC	0.19±0.05bE	0.17±0.10aBC
S3	0-20	4.22±0.17bBC	0.81±0.05bAB	37.78±3.55aBC	71.07±14.75aB	3.63±0.44aB	0.31±0.02aBC
	20-40	4.62±0.17aA	0.99±0.10abB	42.65±9.17aABC	49.16±3.53bA	2.31±0.60bB	0.25±0.06abAB
	40-60	4.68±0.21aAB	1.25±0.10aAB	42.22±1.98aABC	36.79±8.27bA	1.73±0.52bB	0.20±0.04bBC
S4	0-20	3.86±0.11bD	0.56±0.15bB	49.85±4.92aA	104.87±9.93aA	4.24±0.23aAB	0.21±0.02aC
	20-40	4.48±0.18aAB	1.02±0.11aB	48.78±10.33aAB	37.90±3.43bB	1.66±0.25bBC	0.15±0.02bC
	40-60	4.55±0.17aBC	1.14±0.03aB	43.82±4.72aAB	22.53±5.35cB	0.92±0.24cD	0.13±0.02bC
S5	0-20	4.31±0.29bB	0.69±0.13bAB	46.66±8.62aAB	65.66±3.44aB	4.53±0.52aA	0.47±0.12aA
	20-40	4.62±0.16abA	0.95 ± 0.07abB	53.97±0.23aA	45.96±3.31bA	3.11±0.17bA	0.32±0.04bA
	40-60	4.73±0.08aAB	1.06±0.02aB	54.55±2.15aA	33.17±6.26cA	2.49±0.38bA	0.29±0.01bA
S6	0-20	4.01±0.04bCD	0.96±0.14aA	35.89±0.64aBC	58.31±4.74aBC	3.87±0.42aAB	0.3±0.00aBC
	20-40	4.26±0.10aB	1.19±0.12aAB	38.28±0.86aBCD	29.31±4.41bC	2.08±0.37bBC	0.19±0.01bBC
	40-60	4.36±0.06aC	1.11±0.09aB	39.72±7.42aBC	21.20±1.95cB	1.57±0.24bBC	0.16±0.03bBC

采样点	深度/cm	pH	容重/(g·cm^-3)	含水率/%	w_(有机碳)/(g·kg^-1)	w_(总氮)/(g·kg^-1)	w_(总磷)/(g·kg^-1)
S1	0-20	4.15±0.06bBC	0.94±0.15aA	38.64±2.79aABC	36.12±7.85aD	2.58±0.57aC	0.32±0.04aB
	20-40	4.31±0.08abB	1.15±0.16aAB	34.45±0.39aCD	24.15±6.09abC	1.51±0.52bC	0.29±0.01aA
	40-60	4.40±0.10aC	1.21±0.07aB	32.07±3.63aC	17.89±6.38bBC	1.02±0.32bCD	0.23±0.02bAB
S2	0-20	4.68±0.09aA	0.70±0.01bAB	33.14±1.83aC	44.13±8.88aCD	2.04±0.19aC	0.20±0.03aC
	20-40	4.73±0.13aA	1.39±0.10aA	30.25±0.03aD	13.11±4.12bD	0.35±0.16bD	0.18±0.06aBC
	40-60	4.80±0.04aA	1.44±0.12aA	32.85±3.38aC	8.83±1.17bC	0.19±0.05bE	0.17±0.10aBC
S3	0-20	4.22±0.17bBC	0.81±0.05bAB	37.78±3.55aBC	71.07±14.75aB	3.63±0.44aB	0.31±0.02aBC
	20-40	4.62±0.17aA	0.99±0.10abB	42.65±9.17aABC	49.16±3.53bA	2.31±0.60bB	0.25±0.06abAB
	40-60	4.68±0.21aAB	1.25±0.10aAB	42.22±1.98aABC	36.79±8.27bA	1.73±0.52bB	0.20±0.04bBC
S4	0-20	3.86±0.11bD	0.56±0.15bB	49.85±4.92aA	104.87±9.93aA	4.24±0.23aAB	0.21±0.02aC
	20-40	4.48±0.18aAB	1.02±0.11aB	48.78±10.33aAB	37.90±3.43bB	1.66±0.25bBC	0.15±0.02bC
	40-60	4.55±0.17aBC	1.14±0.03aB	43.82±4.72aAB	22.53±5.35cB	0.92±0.24cD	0.13±0.02bC
S5	0-20	4.31±0.29bB	0.69±0.13bAB	46.66±8.62aAB	65.66±3.44aB	4.53±0.52aA	0.47±0.12aA
	20-40	4.62±0.16abA	0.95 ± 0.07abB	53.97±0.23aA	45.96±3.31bA	3.11±0.17bA	0.32±0.04bA
	40-60	4.73±0.08aAB	1.06±0.02aB	54.55±2.15aA	33.17±6.26cA	2.49±0.38bA	0.29±0.01bA
S6	0-20	4.01±0.04bCD	0.96±0.14aA	35.89±0.64aBC	58.31±4.74aBC	3.87±0.42aAB	0.3±0.00aBC
	20-40	4.26±0.10aB	1.19±0.12aAB	38.28±0.86aBCD	29.31±4.41bC	2.08±0.37bBC	0.19±0.01bBC
	40-60	4.36±0.06aC	1.11±0.09aB	39.72±7.42aBC	21.20±1.95cB	1.57±0.24bBC	0.16±0.03bBC

化学计量比 stoichiometric ratio	pH	容重 soil bulk density/ (g·cm^-3)	含水率 Soil moisture content/%	有机碳 w_(TOC)/ (g·kg^-1)	总氮 w_(TN)/ (g·kg^-1)	总磷 w_(TP)/ (g·kg^-1)
w_(C)/w_(N)	0.421	0.387	-0.35	-0.203	-0.532*	-0.524*
w_(C)/w_(P)	-0.524*	-0.701**	0.405	0.846**	0.564*	-0.101
w_(N)/w_(P)	-0.677**	-0.802**	0.513*	0.879**	0.793**	0.155
w_(MBC)/w_(MBN)	0.12	-0.048	-0.244	0.09	0.054	0.199
w_(MBC)/w_(MBP)	0.162	-0.094	-0.627**	-0.021	-0.201	-0.084
w_(MBN)/w_(MBP)	0.082	-0.109	-0.543*	-0.018	-0.194	-0.163
BG:NAG	0.038	-0.435	0.712**	0.357	0.560*	0.755**
BG:AP	-0.502*	-0.595**	0.217	0.599**	0.476*	0.393
NAG:AP	-0.14	0.236	-0.631**	-0.159	-0.401	-0.518*

Soil Ecological Stoichiometry and Its Influencing Factors at Different Elevations in Nanling Mountains

南岭山地不同海拔土壤生态化学计量特征及影响因素

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