Discussion on the Relationship between Productivity and Diversity during Vegetation Restoration in the Karst Peak-cluster Depression

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.01.004

Ecology and Environment ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 26-35.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.01.004

• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles

Discussion on the Relationship between Productivity and Diversity during Vegetation Restoration in the Karst Peak-cluster Depression

ZHANG Lijin¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), DU Hu¹^,²^,⁴, ZENG Fuping¹^,²^,⁴, HUANG Guoqin³, SONG Min⁵, SONG Tongqing¹^,²^,⁴^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Changsha 410125, P. R. China
2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station of Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, P. R. China
3. Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University/;Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P. R. China
4. Guangxi Industrial Technology Research Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control, Nanning 530000, P. R. China
5. Hunan Institute of Agricultural Environment Ecology/Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in Dongting Lake Basin, Changsha 410125, P. R. China

Received:2022-06-24 Online:2023-01-18 Published:2023-04-06
Contact: SONG Tongqing

喀斯特峰丛洼地植被恢复过程中生产力与多样性关系探讨

张立进¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 杜虎¹^,²^,⁴, 曾馥平¹^,²^,⁴, 黄国勤³, 宋敏⁵, 宋同清¹^,²^,⁴^,^*()

1.中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室，湖南长沙 410125
2.中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站广西喀斯特生态过程与服务重点实验室，广西环江 547100
3.作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西农业大学生态科学研究中心，江西南昌 330045
4.广西石漠化治理产业技术研究院，广西南宁 530000
5.湖南省农业环境生态研究所/湖南省洞庭湖流域农业面源污染防治工程技术研究中心，湖南长沙 410125

通讯作者: 宋同清
作者简介:张立进（1990年生），博士研究生，研究方向为植物生态学、农业生态学。E-mail: 570208044@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31971487);国家自然科学基金项目(42071073);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300703);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021366);河池市特聘专家项目

Abstract

Abstract:

To elucidate the relationship between productivity and biodiversity and their evolution in the vegetation restoration process of peak-cluster depression region, three representative vegetation types (shrub, secondary forest and primary forest) in southwest karst region, Guangxi were selected. Based on the systematic investigation of dynamic plots of three vegetation types during the period of 2007-2017, the changes of plant community biomass and productivity distribution, the relationship between plant community productivity and biodiversity were analyzed by statistical methods. The results showed that: (1) the biomass and productivity of secondary forest and primary forest continued to increase in 2007-2017, and the increment of secondary forest was higher than that of primary forest; but the biomass of shrub increased firstly and then decreased, resulting in an average productivity at only 0.09 Mg·hm^-2·a^-1 in the whole 10 years. (2) Among the top 10 species with important value (IV), the productivity of almost all species in the shrub decreased except Ligustrum japonicum and Croton tiglium, and the productivity decrement of Alangium chinense was higher than others; in secondary forest, the productivity of all species increased except Maesa japonica; while in primary forest, the productivity of all species increased and the increment of Callicarpa longifolia was the highest among them. (3) In the shrub, the productivity had positive correlation with structural diversity and had negative correlation with species diversity; in the secondary forest, the productivity had positive correlations with species Shannon-Wiener index, species Simpson index, structural Pielou evenness index and stand density; it had negative correlations with species Pielou evenness index and structural Shannon-Wiener index; and it had no correlation with structural Simple index; in primeval forest, the productivity had negative correlations with species Simpson index, species Pielou evenness index, structural Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index, and had no correlation with species Shannon-Wiener index, species Simpson index and stand density. This study suggested that shrub biodiversity had the greatest effect on productivity in different vegetation types in the restoration process. So, it is important to increase community structure complexity for improving the forest productivity during forest management.

Key words: productivity, species diversity, structural diversity, vegetation types, Karst ecosystem

摘要：

为了阐明植被恢复过程中喀斯特峰丛洼地生产力变化规律及与生物多样性的关系，以广西喀斯特峰丛洼地灌木林、次生林、原生林3种典型植被类型为研究对象，基于2007—2017年3次木本植物调查数据，利用统计学方法分析了植被恢复过程中三类植被群落生物量和生产力动态变化及生产力与物种多样性、结构多样性的关系。结果表明，（1）3种植被类型随着时间推移，次生林和原生林的生物量和生产力逐年增加，且次生林增幅更大，灌木林生物量随时间推移，呈先增加后降低趋势，导致整个10年间平均生产力仅为0.09 Mg·hm^-2·a^-1。（2）10年间来重要值前10的物种，灌木林除了小叶女贞（Ligustrum japonicum）和小巴豆（Croton tiglium）生产力增加，其余物种均减少，八角枫（Alangium chinense）降幅最大；次生林除了杜茎山（Maesa japonica）生产力小幅度降低，其余物种生产力均增加；原生林重要值排名前10的物种生产力全部增加，其中白毛长叶紫珠（Callicarpa longifolia）增幅最大。（3）灌木林生产力与物种多样性呈负相关，与结构多样性呈正相关；次生林生产力与物种Shannon-Wiener指数和物种Simpson指数呈正相关，与物种Pielou均匀度指数呈负相关，与结构Pielou均匀度指数和林分密度呈正相关，与结构Shannon-Wiener指数呈负相关，与结构Simpson指数无相关性；原生林生产力与物种Simpson指数、物种Pielou均匀度指数、结构Shannon-Wiener指数和结构Pielou均匀度指数呈负相关，与物种Shannon-Wiener指数、物种Simpson指数和林分密度无相关性。研究认为，不同植被类型在恢复过程中灌木林生物多样性对生产力的作用最大。综上，在森林经营管理过程中，提高群落结构的复杂性对提高森林生产力具有重要意义。

关键词: 生产力, 物种多样性, 结构多样性, 植被类型, 喀斯特生态系统

CLC Number:

ZHANG Lijin, DU Hu, ZENG Fuping, HUANG Guoqin, SONG Min, SONG Tongqing. Discussion on the Relationship between Productivity and Diversity during Vegetation Restoration in the Karst Peak-cluster Depression[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(1): 26-35.

张立进, 杜虎, 曾馥平, 黄国勤, 宋敏, 宋同清. 喀斯特峰丛洼地植被恢复过程中生产力与多样性关系探讨[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(1): 26-35.

Figures/Tables 7

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植被类型	物种	重要值 (IV)		物种、生产力变化
植被类型	物种	2007(IV)	2017(IV)	物种数量变化	生产力变化/(Mg·hm^-2·a^-1）
灌木林	黄荆 Vitex negundo	29.81	27.61	-1512	-0.056
	八角枫 Alangium chinense	12.62	12.2	-205	-0.107
	小叶女贞 Ligustrum japonicum	4.98	7.51	-106	0.022
	野桐 Mallotus japonicus	4.36	4.24	-70	-0.01
	小巴豆 Croton tiglium	4.24	4.16	-62	0.016
	石山楠 Phoebe calcarea	2.88	2.62	-23	-0.021
	盐肤木 Rhus chinensis	2.77	1.62	-69	-0.019
	三桠苦 Evodia lepta	2.75	1.92	-59	-0.016
	火棘 Pyracantha fortuneana	2.02	0	-88	-0.008
	红背山麻秆 Alchornea trewioides	1.9	1.31	-47	-0.004
次生林	菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	15.63	10.71	-51	0.09
	灰毛浆果楝 Cipadessa cinerascens	11.46	11.4	-154	0.168
	香椿 Toona sinensis	10.74	10.57	-5	0.239
	刀果鞍叶羊蹄甲 Bauhinia brachycarpa	8.1	12.75	45	0.308
	盐肤木 Rhus chinensis	3.56	2.73	-46	0.005
	板栗 Castanea mollissima	3.32	3.24	-107	0.119
	长管越南茜 Rubovietnamia aristata	2.6	2.99	-2	0.028
	斜叶榕 Ficus tinctoria	2.51	2.59	-13	0.019
	任豆 Zenia insignis	2.43	3.55	-5	0.155
	杜茎山 Maesa japonica	2.31	1.28	-38	-0.004
原生林	铁榄 Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum	6.8	5.74	-149	1.043
	小叶女贞 Ligustrum japonicum	5.32	3.62	-130	0.584
	掌叶木 Handeliodendron bodinieri	4.56	4.74	-11	0.229
	菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	4.04	3.78	-33	0.547
	粗糠柴 Mallotus philippensis	9.97	4.78	-132	0.196
	小叶栾树 Boniodendron minus	9.89	1.98	3	0.59
	杜茎山 Maesa japonica	3.67	4.12	-149	0.614
	杉树 Cunninghamia lanceolata	3.15	3.31	-6	0.206
	白毛长叶紫珠 Callicarpa longifolia	2.41	3.32	-23	0.655
	枫香树 Liquidambar formosana	2.25	3.19	-8	0.415

植被类型	物种	重要值 (IV)		物种、生产力变化
植被类型	物种	2007(IV)	2017(IV)	物种数量变化	生产力变化/(Mg·hm^-2·a^-1）
灌木林	黄荆 Vitex negundo	29.81	27.61	-1512	-0.056
	八角枫 Alangium chinense	12.62	12.2	-205	-0.107
	小叶女贞 Ligustrum japonicum	4.98	7.51	-106	0.022
	野桐 Mallotus japonicus	4.36	4.24	-70	-0.01
	小巴豆 Croton tiglium	4.24	4.16	-62	0.016
	石山楠 Phoebe calcarea	2.88	2.62	-23	-0.021
	盐肤木 Rhus chinensis	2.77	1.62	-69	-0.019
	三桠苦 Evodia lepta	2.75	1.92	-59	-0.016
	火棘 Pyracantha fortuneana	2.02	0	-88	-0.008
	红背山麻秆 Alchornea trewioides	1.9	1.31	-47	-0.004
次生林	菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	15.63	10.71	-51	0.09
	灰毛浆果楝 Cipadessa cinerascens	11.46	11.4	-154	0.168
	香椿 Toona sinensis	10.74	10.57	-5	0.239
	刀果鞍叶羊蹄甲 Bauhinia brachycarpa	8.1	12.75	45	0.308
	盐肤木 Rhus chinensis	3.56	2.73	-46	0.005
	板栗 Castanea mollissima	3.32	3.24	-107	0.119
	长管越南茜 Rubovietnamia aristata	2.6	2.99	-2	0.028
	斜叶榕 Ficus tinctoria	2.51	2.59	-13	0.019
	任豆 Zenia insignis	2.43	3.55	-5	0.155
	杜茎山 Maesa japonica	2.31	1.28	-38	-0.004
原生林	铁榄 Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum	6.8	5.74	-149	1.043
	小叶女贞 Ligustrum japonicum	5.32	3.62	-130	0.584
	掌叶木 Handeliodendron bodinieri	4.56	4.74	-11	0.229
	菜豆树 Radermachera sinica	4.04	3.78	-33	0.547
	粗糠柴 Mallotus philippensis	9.97	4.78	-132	0.196
	小叶栾树 Boniodendron minus	9.89	1.98	3	0.59
	杜茎山 Maesa japonica	3.67	4.12	-149	0.614
	杉树 Cunninghamia lanceolata	3.15	3.31	-6	0.206
	白毛长叶紫珠 Callicarpa longifolia	2.41	3.32	-23	0.655
	枫香树 Liquidambar formosana	2.25	3.19	-8	0.415

森林类型	变量	样本数n	线性模型		二次模型		模式
森林类型	变量	样本数n	R²	P	R²	P	模式
灌木林	物种香浓指数	77	0.342	<0.001	0.512	<0.001	二次项曲线 (图3a)
	物种辛普森指数	75	0.022	0.260	0.030	0.244	负线性和二次项曲线 (图3b)
	物种均匀度	77	0.077	0.035	0.081	0.029	负线性 (图3c)
次生林	物种香浓指数	67	0.059	0.049	0.061	0.042	正线性 (图3d)
	物种辛普森指数	66	0.076	0.026	0.077	0.026	正线性 (图3e)
	物种均匀度	67	0.008	0.489	0.032	0.135	二次项曲线 (图3f)
原生林	物种香浓指数	61	0.001	0.782	0.001	0.786	ns (图3g)
	物种辛普森指数	62	<0.001	0.873	0.031	0.254	二次项曲线 (图3h)
	物种均匀度	62	0.006	0.492	0.047	0.196	二次 (图3i)

森林类型	变量	样本数n	线性模型		二次模型		模式
森林类型	变量	样本数n	R²	P	R²	P	模式
灌木林	物种香浓指数	77	0.342	<0.001	0.512	<0.001	二次项曲线 (图3a)
	物种辛普森指数	75	0.022	0.260	0.030	0.244	负线性和二次项曲线 (图3b)
	物种均匀度	77	0.077	0.035	0.081	0.029	负线性 (图3c)
次生林	物种香浓指数	67	0.059	0.049	0.061	0.042	正线性 (图3d)
	物种辛普森指数	66	0.076	0.026	0.077	0.026	正线性 (图3e)
	物种均匀度	67	0.008	0.489	0.032	0.135	二次项曲线 (图3f)
原生林	物种香浓指数	61	0.001	0.782	0.001	0.786	ns (图3g)
	物种辛普森指数	62	<0.001	0.873	0.031	0.254	二次项曲线 (图3h)
	物种均匀度	62	0.006	0.492	0.047	0.196	二次 (图3i)

森林类型	变量	样本数n	线性模型		二次模型		模式
森林类型	变量	样本数n	R²	P	R²	P	模式
灌木林	胸径香浓指数	62	0.248	<0.001	0.248	<0.001	正线性 (图4a)
	胸径辛普森指数	65	0.105	0.009	0.145	0.008	二次项曲线 (图4b)
	胸径均匀度	76	0.004	0.085	0.059	0.111	二次项曲线 (图4c)
	林分密度	77	0.036	0.143	0.051	0.127	正线性 (图4d)
次生林	胸径香浓指数	71	0.015	0.309	0.034	0.315	二次项曲线 (图4e)
	胸径辛普森指数	73	0.002	0.718	0.003	0.893	ns (图4f)
	胸径均匀度	73	0.003	0.145	0.320	0.135	正线性 (图4g)
	林分密度	69	0.062	0.040	0.088	0.031	正线性和二次项曲线 (图4h)
原生林	胸径香浓指数	61	0.035	0.130	0.076	0.008	二次项曲线 (图4i)
	胸径辛普森指数	62	0.001	0.785	0.027	0.405	ns (图4j)
	胸径均匀度	62	0.033	0.140	0.062	0.131	二次项曲线 (图4k)
	林分密度	62	<0.001	0.905	0.012	0.658	ns (图4l)

Discussion on the Relationship between Productivity and Diversity during Vegetation Restoration in the Karst Peak-cluster Depression

喀斯特峰丛洼地植被恢复过程中生产力与多样性关系探讨

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