Characteristics and Driving Factors of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions under Different Vegetation Types of the mid-Northern Piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.06.007

Ecology and Environment ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 1124-1131.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.06.007

• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles

Characteristics and Driving Factors of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions under Different Vegetation Types of the mid-Northern Piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang

MA Huiying¹^,²^,³(), LI Xinzhu¹^,²^,³, MA Xinyu¹^,²^,³, GONG Lu¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1. College of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
3. Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China

Received:2022-01-22 Online:2022-06-18 Published:2022-07-29
Contact: GONG Lu

新疆天山北麓中段不同植被类型下土壤有机碳组分特征及其影响因素

马辉英¹^,²^,³(), 李昕竹¹^,²^,³, 马鑫钰¹^,²^,³, 贡璐¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1.新疆大学生态与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830017
2.绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830017
3.新疆精河温带荒漠生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐 830017

通讯作者: 贡璐
作者简介:马辉英（1980年生）,女（回族）,讲师,主要研究方向为干旱区生态环境。E-mail: dreampie@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题项目(2019D04001);国家自然科学基金项目(31760142)

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is affected by vegetation types, and its mass fraction will change to some extent, profoundly affecting the forest material cycling process. Thus, soil organic carbon has a feedback effect on vegetation. In this study, we analyzed the differences in soil organic carbon fractions (including total organic carbon, soluble organic carbon, light fraction organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon) in ecosystems of three different vegetation types: Picea schrenkiana forest, scrubland and grassland in the middle part of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang. The results showed that the mass fractions of soil organic carbon, soluble organic carbon, light fraction organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon were different under different vegetation types. The overall trend was spruce forest>shrub land>grassland. In spruce forest, w_(SOC) reached the peak value (120.68 g∙kg^-1), and the mass fraction of soil organic carbon in surface layer was higher than that in bottom layer (P<0.05). Redundancy analyses showed that total organic carbon, soluble organic carbon, light fraction organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon were positively correlated and had the same trend. The influence of soil environmental factors on soil organic carbon components was in a descending order: soil conductivity, soil pH, soil bulk density, and soil water content (the explanatory quantities were 87.7%, 79.4%, 67.9% and 35.8%, respectively). Further, the influence of all four environmental factors on soil organic carbon fraction was highly significant (P<0.01). The correlation between the organic carbon fraction and its environmental factors provides a scientific basis for assessing the soil carbon sequestration capacity in the Tianshan forest.

Key words: Tianshan forest, different vegetation types, soil organic carbon, carbon components, arid region, redundancy analysis

摘要：

土壤有机碳受植被类型干扰影响,其含量变化会呈现一定变化,深刻影响森林物质循环过程,从而对植被产生反馈影响。该研究以新疆天山中段云杉林、灌丛地、草地3种植被类型下的土壤为研究对象,分析土壤有机碳组分包括总有机碳、可溶性有机碳轻组分有机碳和微生物量碳的质量分数特征,并研究这3种植被的土壤有机碳及其组分质量分数的差异性。结果表明,（1）不同植被类型下土壤有机碳、可溶性有机碳、轻组分有机碳和微生物生物量碳质量分数均具有一定差异。总体趋势表现为云杉林>灌丛地>草地,w_(SOC)在云杉林达到峰值（120.68 g∙kg^-1）,并且土壤表层有机碳组分质量分数高于下层（P<0.05）。（2）冗余分析表明总有机碳、可溶性有机碳、轻组分有机碳和微生物量碳之间均呈正相关关系且具有相同的变化趋势。土壤环境因子对土壤有机碳组分影响的重要性由大到小依次为土壤电导率、土壤pH值、土壤容重、土壤含水量（解释量依次为87.7%,79.4%,67.9%,35.8%）,并且4种环境因子对土壤有机碳组分征的影响均为极显著（P<0.01）。探讨有机碳组分质量分数与其环境因子的相关关系,为评估天山森林土壤固碳效应提供科学根据。

关键词: 天山森林, 不同植被类型, 土壤有机碳, 碳组分, 干旱区, 冗余分析

CLC Number:

MA Huiying, LI Xinzhu, MA Xinyu, GONG Lu. Characteristics and Driving Factors of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions under Different Vegetation Types of the mid-Northern Piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(6): 1124-1131.

马辉英, 李昕竹, 马鑫钰, 贡璐. 新疆天山北麓中段不同植被类型下土壤有机碳组分特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(6): 1124-1131.

Figures/Tables 8

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植被类型 Vegetational form	土壤类型 Soil type	土层 Soil layer/cm	样地描述 Sample Site Description
云杉林 Spruce forest	灰褐色森林土	0-10 10-20	以雪岭云杉（Picea schrenkiana）为主,林下分布少量植物
灌丛地 Grinding ground	灰褐色森林土	0-10 10-20	黑果小檗（Berberis heteropoda）、红果小檗（Berberis nummularia）、天山花楸（Sorbus tianschanica）等
草地 Grassplot	灰褐色森林土	0-10 10-20	绣线菊（Spiraea hypericifolia）、天山羽衣草（Alchemilla tianschanica）、羊角芹（Aegopodium podagraria）等

植被类型 Vegetational form	土壤类型 Soil type	土层 Soil layer/cm	样地描述 Sample Site Description
云杉林 Spruce forest	灰褐色森林土	0-10 10-20	以雪岭云杉（Picea schrenkiana）为主,林下分布少量植物
灌丛地 Grinding ground	灰褐色森林土	0-10 10-20	黑果小檗（Berberis heteropoda）、红果小檗（Berberis nummularia）、天山花楸（Sorbus tianschanica）等
草地 Grassplot	灰褐色森林土	0-10 10-20	绣线菊（Spiraea hypericifolia）、天山羽衣草（Alchemilla tianschanica）、羊角芹（Aegopodium podagraria）等

参数 Parameter	植被类型 Vegetation Types	均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	极差 Range	最小值Minimum	最大值Maximum	偏度 Skewness	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%
w_(SOC)/ (g∙kg^-1)	云杉林	115.66	6.15	15.41	109.11	124.52	0.38	18.81
	灌丛	84.85	6.13	15.05	79.21	94.26	0.76	13.83
	草地	76.27	4.81	12.70	69.54	82.24	-0.24	15.87
w_(DOC)/ (g∙kg^-1)	云杉林	4.03	0.07	0.19	3.93	4.12	-0.32	60.39
	灌丛	3.99	0.09	0.22	3.88	4.10	-0.03	44.69
	草地	3.90	0.07	0.18	3.83	4.01	0.81	58.71
w_(LFOC)/ (g∙kg^-1)	云杉林	9.93	0.60	1.59	9.04	10.63	-0.31	16.60
	灌丛	8.92	0.69	1.61	8.23	9.84	0.28	12.88
	草地	7.80	0.59	1.51	7.07	8.58	-0.08	13.23
w_(MBC)/ (mg∙kg^-1)	云杉林	315.06	8.50	20.21	304.13	324.34	-0.53	37.05
	灌丛	293.68	10.21	27.95	276.39	304.34	-0.97	28.76
	草地	273.06	9.56	23.34	260.89	284.23	-0.17	28.56

参数 Parameter	植被类型 Vegetation Types	均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	极差 Range	最小值Minimum	最大值Maximum	偏度 Skewness	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%
w_(SOC)/ (g∙kg^-1)	云杉林	115.66	6.15	15.41	109.11	124.52	0.38	18.81
	灌丛	84.85	6.13	15.05	79.21	94.26	0.76	13.83
	草地	76.27	4.81	12.70	69.54	82.24	-0.24	15.87
w_(DOC)/ (g∙kg^-1)	云杉林	4.03	0.07	0.19	3.93	4.12	-0.32	60.39
	灌丛	3.99	0.09	0.22	3.88	4.10	-0.03	44.69
	草地	3.90	0.07	0.18	3.83	4.01	0.81	58.71
w_(LFOC)/ (g∙kg^-1)	云杉林	9.93	0.60	1.59	9.04	10.63	-0.31	16.60
	灌丛	8.92	0.69	1.61	8.23	9.84	0.28	12.88
	草地	7.80	0.59	1.51	7.07	8.58	-0.08	13.23
w_(MBC)/ (mg∙kg^-1)	云杉林	315.06	8.50	20.21	304.13	324.34	-0.53	37.05
	灌丛	293.68	10.21	27.95	276.39	304.34	-0.97	28.76
	草地	273.06	9.56	23.34	260.89	284.23	-0.17	28.56

源Source	因变量 Dependent variable	平方和 Sum of Squares	df	均方 Mean square	F	Sig.
土层深度 Soil depth	SOC	384.014	1	384.014	49.427	<0.001**
	DOC	0.050	1	0.050	20.659	<0.001**
	LFOC	4.651	1	4.651	50.989	<0.001**
	MBC	1018.810	1	1018.810	44.411	<0.001**
植被类型 Vegetational form	SOC	5148.741	2	2574.371	331.354	<0.001**
	DOC	0.052	2	0.026	10.722	0.001**
	LFOC	13.709	2	6.854	75.141	<0.001**
	MBC	5291.743	2	2645.871	115.337	<0.001**

Characteristics and Driving Factors of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions under Different Vegetation Types of the mid-Northern Piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang

新疆天山北麓中段不同植被类型下土壤有机碳组分特征及其影响因素

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指标 Index	土壤有机碳 Soil organic carbon	土壤可溶性有机碳 Soil-soluble organic carbon	土壤轻组分有机碳 Soil light components of organic carbon	土壤微生物生物量碳 Soil microbial biomass of carbon	含水量 Moisture content	pH值 pH value	电导率 Conductivity
土壤有机碳 Soil organic carbon	1
土壤可溶性有机碳 Soil-soluble organic carbon	0.476	1
土壤轻组分有机碳 Soil light components of organic carbon	0.769*	-0.823*	1
土壤微生物生物量碳 Soil microbial biomass of carbon	0.357	0.797**	-0.762*	1
含水量 Moisture content	0.289	0.740*	0.431	0.688*	1
pH值 pH value	-0.122	-0.293	0.269	-0.185	-0.288	1
电导率 Conductivity	0.227	0.097	-0.206	0.198	0.361	0.287	1

排序轴 Axes	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ
土壤有机碳组分含量解释量 Explained variation of soil organic carbon fractions content/%	0.896	0.015	0.000	0.000
土壤有机碳组分含量与环境因子相关性 Correlations between soil organic carbon fractions content and their environmental factors	0.970	0.622	0.232	0.086
土壤有机碳组分含量累积解释量 Cumulative explained variation of soil organic carbon fractions content/%	89.6	91.1	91.1	91.1
土壤有机碳组分含量--环境因子关系累积解释量 Cumulative explained variation of relations between soil organic carbon fractions content and their environmental factors/%	98.4	100.0	100.0	100.0
总特征值 Sum of all eigenvalues	1.000
典范特征值 Sum of all canonical eigenvalues	0.743

土壤环境因子 Soil environmental factors	重要性排序 Importance sequencing	土壤环境因子所占解释量 Explained variation of soil environmental factors/%	F	P
土壤电导率 Soil conductivity	1	87.7	113.9	0.002
土壤容重 Soil bulk density	2	79.4	61.62	0.002
土壤pH值 Soil pH	3	67.9	33.828	0.002
土壤含水量 Soil moisture content	4	35.8	8.937	0.008

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