2001-2020年内蒙古净生态系统生产力格局多时间尺度分析

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.02.001

生态环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 167-179.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.02.001

• 研究论文【生态学】 • 下一篇

2001-2020年内蒙古净生态系统生产力格局多时间尺度分析

翟涌光¹^,^*(), 王晓妮¹, 郝蕾², 戚文超³, 王雅崧¹, 耿佳玉¹, 兰穹穹⁴, 王志国⁵

1.内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
2.内蒙古财经大学资源与环境经济学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010010
3.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院，北京 100079
4.中国资源卫星应用中心，北京 100094
5.内蒙古工业大学信息工程学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010051

收稿日期:2023-10-20 出版日期:2024-02-18 发布日期:2024-04-03
通讯作者: *
作者简介:翟涌光（1986年生），男，副教授，博士，研究方向为遥感大数据处理和环境监测。E-mail: ychia@imau.edu.cn
基金资助:
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2023MS04011);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学技术研究项目(NJZZ23034);教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220802313174920);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023YFHH0081)

Multi-time Scale Analysis of Net Ecosystem Productivity Pattern in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2020

ZHAI Yongguang¹^,^*(), WANG Xiaoni¹, HAO Lei², QI Wenchao³, WANG Yasong¹, GENG Jiayu¹, LAN Qiongqiong⁴, WANG Zhiguo⁵

1. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
2. College of Resources and Environmental Economics, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
3. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100079, P. R.China
4. China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
5. College of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, P. R. China

Received:2023-10-20 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2024-04-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

掌握净生态系统生产力（NEP）时空格局对提高干旱/半干旱地区生态系统功能有重要意义。已有的NEP时空格局研究大多以年尺度开展分析，而NEP在多时间尺度上的特征差异尚不明晰。基于多源遥感、气象和地面实测数据，采用CASA模型、土壤呼吸地质统计模型（GSMSR）和土壤呼吸-土壤异养呼吸（Rs-Rh）关系模型耦合模拟内蒙古2001-2020年NEP，分析其年、季、月多时间尺度时空特征，并探讨8种不同植被NEP的多时间尺度特征差异。结果表明，1）内蒙古年尺度NEP的空间分布格局稳定，从东北向西南递减，这一格局与春夏秋3季及植被生长期的3-10月一致，而冬季植被进入休眠期使得空间差异显著减小。2）内蒙古多时间尺度NEP年际变化趋势有所不同：年尺度上，内蒙古总NEP呈波动上升趋势，年际变化率为C 3.75 Tg∙a⁻¹；季尺度上，夏季增长趋势最大，占全年增长的41.6%，春秋两季对NEP的增长也起到至关重要的作用，分别占比34.9%和23.3%，冬季对NEP增长贡献非常有限；月尺度上，NEP年内变化与植被生长物候周期较为接近，1月和12月年际NEP为减少趋势，其余月份年际NEP均为上升趋势，其中9月增长趋势最大，占全年增长的19.3%。3）不同植被类型NEP年际趋势存在差异，5种植被类型年NEP呈增长趋势，3种呈下降趋势；草地在季尺度年际变化中均保持增长，在夏季最高，而灌木林在季尺度年际变化中均为降低趋势，夏季降幅最大；月尺度年际变化中灌木林均为降低趋势，1月降幅最大。该研究能够为明晰区域碳循环及改善生态系统功能提供科学依据。

关键词: 净生态系统生产力, 多时间尺度, 分布格局, CASA模型, GSMSR模型, 内蒙古

Abstract:

Understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) is important for improving ecosystem functions in arid/semi-arid regions. Most existing studies on spatial and temporal patterns of NEP have been analyzed at the annual scale, and the differences in the characteristics of NEP at multiple time scales are not yet clear. Based on the data of multi-source remote sensing, meteorological and ground-truthing, the CASA model, the geostatistical model of soil respiration (GSMSR), and the soil respiration-soil heterotrophic respiration (Rs-Rh) relationship model were used to couple and simulate the NEP in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2020, and analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of the NEP at multi-temporal scales of years, seasons, and months. Then the differences in multi-timescale characteristics of eight different vegetation NEPs were explored. The results show that 1) the spatial distribution pattern of annual NEP in Inner Mongolia was stable, decreasing from northeast to southwest, which was consistent with the spring, summer, and fall seasons and the growing period of vegetation from March to October. However, the spatial difference was significantly reduced in winter when the vegetation enters the dormant period. 2) The interannual trends of NEP in Inner Mongolia at multiple time scales were different. On the annual scale, the total NEP in Inner Mongolia showed a fluctuating upward trend, with an interannual rate of change of C 3.75 Tg∙a⁻¹. On the seasonal scale, the summer season showed the largest growth trend, accounting for 41.6% of the annual growth. Both spring and fall seasons played crucial roles in the growth of NEP, which accounted for 34.9% and 23.3%, respectively, while, the contribution of winter to NEP growth was very limited. On the monthly scale, the annual change of NEP was close to the vegetation growth cycle, with decreasing trend in January and December, but increasing trend in the rest of the months, with the largest growth trend in September, accounting for 19.3% of the annual growth. 3) There are differences in the interannual NEP trends of different vegetation types. Five vegetation types showed an increasing trend in annual NEP and three showed a decreasing trend. Grassland kept increasing in all seasonal-scale interannual changes, with highest growth in the summer. Shrubland showed a decreasing trend in all seasonal-scale interannual changes and monthly-scale inter-annual changes, with the greatest decrease in the summer and January, respectively. This study can provide a scientific basis for clarifying the regional carbon cycle and improving ecosystem functions.

Key words: net ecosystem productivity, multiple time scales, distribution pattern, CASA model, GSMSR model, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

Q14
X171.1

翟涌光, 王晓妮, 郝蕾, 戚文超, 王雅崧, 耿佳玉, 兰穹穹, 王志国. 2001-2020年内蒙古净生态系统生产力格局多时间尺度分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(2): 167-179.

ZHAI Yongguang, WANG Xiaoni, HAO Lei, QI Wenchao, WANG Yasong, GENG Jiayu, LAN Qiongqiong, WANG Zhiguo. Multi-time Scale Analysis of Net Ecosystem Productivity Pattern in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2020[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(2): 167-179.

图/表 15

参考文献 33

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站点名称	库布齐- 草地	库布齐- 林场	内蒙	科尔沁	锡林浩特	四子王	多伦- 耕地	多伦- 草地	锡林郭勒- 荒漠草原	锡林郭勒- 典型草原	东乌草原
纬度	40.38	40.54	44.53	43.29	43.55	41.79	42.05	42.05	44.09	44.13	45.56
经度	108.55	108.69	116.67	122.28	116.67	111.89	116.67	116.28	113.57	116.33	117.00
年份	2006	2006‒2010	2004‒2008	2011‒2012	2011‒2012	2010‒2011	2005‒2006	2005‒2006	2003‒2010	2003‒2010	2005‒2007
植被	干旱草地	林地	草地	草地	围封草地	干旱草地 (禁牧)	耕地	耕地	荒漠草原	草地	典型草原
土壤	沙质土壤	沙质土壤	暗栗钙土	栗色土壤	栗钙土	淡栗钙土	栗色土壤	栗色土壤	棕色钙质土壤	栗色土壤	栗色土壤

站点名称	库布齐- 草地	库布齐- 林场	内蒙	科尔沁	锡林浩特	四子王	多伦- 耕地	多伦- 草地	锡林郭勒- 荒漠草原	锡林郭勒- 典型草原	东乌草原
纬度	40.38	40.54	44.53	43.29	43.55	41.79	42.05	42.05	44.09	44.13	45.56
经度	108.55	108.69	116.67	122.28	116.67	111.89	116.67	116.28	113.57	116.33	117.00
年份	2006	2006‒2010	2004‒2008	2011‒2012	2011‒2012	2010‒2011	2005‒2006	2005‒2006	2003‒2010	2003‒2010	2005‒2007
植被	干旱草地	林地	草地	草地	围封草地	干旱草地 (禁牧)	耕地	耕地	荒漠草原	草地	典型草原
土壤	沙质土壤	沙质土壤	暗栗钙土	栗色土壤	栗钙土	淡栗钙土	栗色土壤	栗色土壤	棕色钙质土壤	栗色土壤	栗色土壤

NEP	1月	2月	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月
NEP>0	0	0	71.7%	91.5%	100%	100%	100%	100%	90.8%	59.4%	0	0
NEP<0	100%	100%	28.3%	8.50%	0	0	0	0	9.20%	40.6%	100%	100%
平均值(以C计)/(g∙m⁻²∙month⁻¹)	−2.67	−2.93	−1.13	8.23	26.2	37.3	45.8	41.9	16.5	−0.460	−3.10	−2.68

NEP	1月	2月	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月
NEP>0	0	0	71.7%	91.5%	100%	100%	100%	100%	90.8%	59.4%	0	0
NEP<0	100%	100%	28.3%	8.50%	0	0	0	0	9.20%	40.6%	100%	100%
平均值(以C计)/(g∙m⁻²∙month⁻¹)	−2.67	−2.93	−1.13	8.23	26.2	37.3	45.8	41.9	16.5	−0.460	−3.10	−2.68

月份	显著减少%	无明显变化%	显著增加%	极显著增加%
1	0	100	0	0
2	0	100	0	0
3	2.00×10⁻²	99.3	0.690	4.00×10⁻²
4	0.730	59.9	26.2	13.2
5	17.9	11.4	63.9	6.79
6	30.7	12.7	51.4	5.26
7	37.9	4.35	54.0	3.74
8	34.0	1.27	57.8	6.98
9	3.27	39.7	45.9	11.2
10	0.400	95.8	3.51	0.250
11	0	100	0	0
12	0	100	0	0

2001-2020年内蒙古净生态系统生产力格局多时间尺度分析

Multi-time Scale Analysis of Net Ecosystem Productivity Pattern in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2020

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植被类型	1月	2月	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月
常绿针叶林	−19.0*	−1.20*	71.0	760*	1.00×10³*	910*	56.0*	660*	620*	250*	−7.10	−17.0*
落叶针叶林	−39.0	−200	390	1.10×10⁴	−3.20×10³	−7.30×10³	−2.26×10⁴*	−2.75×10⁴*	6.30×10³	1.30×10³	−490*	−140
落叶阔叶林	−2.10×10³*	−1.70×10³*	−4.70×10³	5.42×10⁴*	1.25×10⁵*	1.58×10⁵*	1.12×10⁵*	6.63×10⁴	6.99×10⁴*	1.09×10⁴*	−1.20×10³	−2.00×10³*
混交林	190	180	540	7.40×10³*	−57.0	−1.70×10³	−7.70×10³	−1.11×10⁴*	2.40×10³	1.30×10³	280*	33.0
灌木林	−270*	−290*	−110*	−57.0	−350*	−860*	−880*	−560*	−160	−260*	−290*	−260*
草地	−4.10×10³	1.12×10⁴	1.14×10⁵*	4.58×10⁵*	4.04×10⁵*	3.99×10⁵	1.84×10⁵	4.47×10⁵	5.33×10⁵*	1.05×10⁵*	1.45×10⁴*	−1.30×10³
耕地	−3.10×10³*	690	9.90×10³	3.57×10⁴*	3.21×10⁴	1.33×10⁵*	9.74×10⁴*	7.44×10⁴*	9.25×10⁴*	1.12×10⁴*	−910	−2.70×10³*
荒漠	2.30×10³	2.50×10³	7.70×10³	5.19×10⁴	−1.17×10⁴	−2.23×10⁴	−1.52×10⁴	−1.12×10⁴	1.58×10⁴	220	3.40×10³*	850

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