载氧沸石与水丝蚓对沉积物-水剖面氮迁移转化的影响

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.05.010

生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 763-772.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.05.010

• 研究论文【环境科学】 • 上一篇下一篇

载氧沸石与水丝蚓对沉积物-水剖面氮迁移转化的影响

潘璇¹(), 罗竣潇², 唐炳然¹, 郭翔宇³, 何强¹, 李宏¹^,^*()

1.重庆大学/三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室，重庆 400045
2.中国建筑第五工程局有限公司，湖南长沙 410004
3.重庆城投曙光湖建设有限公司，重庆 402760

收稿日期:2024-09-13 出版日期:2025-05-18 发布日期:2025-05-16
通讯作者: *李宏。E-mail: hongli@cqu.edu.cn
作者简介:潘璇（1998年生），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为污染物生态环境效应及污染控制相关研究。E-mail: 949850487@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52370199);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0092);重庆城投曙光湖建设有限公司联合技术攻关专题(SJPPP-2024-025)

The Influence of Oxygen-carrying Zeolite and Tubificid Worm on Nitrogen Migration and Transformation in the Sediment-water Core

PAN Xuan¹(), LUO Junxiao², TANG Bingran¹, GUO Xiangyu³, HE Qiang¹, LI Hong¹^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education/Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, P. R. China
2. China Construction Fifth Engineering Bureau CO., LTD., Changsha 410004, P. R. China
3. Chongqing City Investment Group Shuguang Lake CO., LTD., Chongqing 402760, P. R. China

Received:2024-09-13 Online:2025-05-18 Published:2025-05-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以粉煤灰基载氧沸石为覆盖材料，通过构建沉积物柱试验体系，探究了在水丝蚓（Limnodrilus Claparède）的影响下覆盖粉煤灰基载氧沸石后厌氧沉积物-水体系氮的去除效果与潜在机制。结果表明，覆盖20 d后，粉煤灰基载氧沸石覆盖显著提升了上覆水中溶解氧（DO）浓度，较对照升高2.78倍。但水丝蚓的存在促进了粉煤灰基载氧沸石中的氧气向深层沉积物的扩散，导致上覆水DO浓度较对照降低了56.73%，且表层沉积物剖面中DO浓度显著高于粉煤灰基载氧沸石组（3.77－0.47 mg∙L⁻¹）；同时，表层沉积物中Comamonadaceae和覆盖层中的Novosphingobium、Proteiniclasticum等反硝化菌的丰度明显提升。因此，20 d后各处理组上覆水中的总氮含量为9.89 mg∙L⁻¹（粉煤灰基载氧沸石组）、10.40 mg∙L⁻¹（粉煤灰基载氧沸石+水丝蚓组）、11.60 mg∙L⁻¹（粉煤灰基不载氧沸石组）、12.49 mg∙L⁻¹（粉煤灰基不载氧沸石+水丝蚓组）、18.59 mg∙L⁻¹（对照组）、20.99 mg∙L⁻¹（水丝蚓组），但实验结束时，水丝蚓的存在并未增加粉煤灰基载氧沸石覆盖下氧化亚氮释放通量（均显著低于其他处理组，p<0.05）。沉积物中水丝蚓向下运动能够使粉煤灰基载氧沸石作用到更深处的沉积物中，从而提高沉积物中的溶解氧含量，同时改变了微生物群落结构，进而促进了深层沉积物脱氮。

关键词: 内源污染, 载氧材料, 沸石, 水丝蚓, 氮

Abstract:

In this study, a microcosm experimental system was established to assess the effect of tubificid worms on the removal of nitrogen from anaerobic sediment water through oxygen-carrying zeolite capping as well as the potential mechanism underlying this process. The results indicated that the application of oxygen-carrying zeolite significantly increased the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the overlying water after 20 days and was 2.78 times higher than that of the control group. However, the presence of tubificid worms was responsible for a 56.73% reduction in DO concentration compared to the control but promoted the diffusion of oxygen bubbles released from the oxygen-carrying zeolite to the deeper layers of the sediment. Therefore, the DO concentration was significantly higher than that of the group with oxygen-carrying zeolite capping (3.77‒0.47 mg∙L⁻¹). Meanwhile, the presence of tubificid worms increased the abundance of denitrifying bacteria, such as Comamonadaceae in the sediment and Novosphingobium and Proteiniclasticum in the capping layer. After 20 days incubation, the concentration of total nitrogen in the overlying water reached 9.89 mg∙L⁻¹ (oxygen-carrying zeolite group), 10.40 mg∙L⁻¹ (oxygen-carrying zeolite+Tubificid worm group), 11.60 mg∙L⁻¹ (zeolite group), 12.49 mg∙L⁻¹ (zeolite+Tubificid worm group), 18.59 mg∙L⁻¹ (control group), and 20.99 mg∙L⁻¹ (Tubificid worm group), respectively. However, irrespective of the presence of Tubificid worms, nitrous oxide emission upon application of oxygen-carrying zeolite at the end of the incubation period was not influenced and was significantly lower than that of other treatments (p<0.05). The results indicated that the downward movement of tubificid worms in the sediment facilitated the influence of oxygen-carrying zeolite in the deeper sediment, thereby increasing the DO concentration in the sediment, altering the microbial community structure, and benefiting nitrogen removal in deeper sediment layers.

Key words: endogenous pollution, oxygen-carrying material, zeolite, tubificid worm, nitrogen

潘璇, 罗竣潇, 唐炳然, 郭翔宇, 何强, 李宏. 载氧沸石与水丝蚓对沉积物-水剖面氮迁移转化的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2025, 34(5): 763-772.

PAN Xuan, LUO Junxiao, TANG Bingran, GUO Xiangyu, HE Qiang, LI Hong. The Influence of Oxygen-carrying Zeolite and Tubificid Worm on Nitrogen Migration and Transformation in the Sediment-water Core[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2025, 34(5): 763-772.

图/表 7

图1 不同处理下上覆水中溶解氧的变化数据为均值±标准差；n=3。下同

Figure 1 Changes in DO concentration in the overlying water under different treatment

图2 不同处理下沉积物-水剖面溶解氧质量浓度的变化数据为3个平行的均值

Figure 2 Changes in DO concentration across the sediment core under different treatment

图3 不同处理下上覆水中氮的变化数据为均值±标准误。下同

Figure 3 Changes in the concentration of nitrogen in the overlying water under different treatment

图4 不同处理下沉积物-水剖面氮的变化

Figure 4 Changes in the concentration of nitrogen across the sediment core under different treatment

图5 不同处理下水-气界面氧化亚氮释放通量的变化数据为同一处理组均值

Figure 5 Changes in N2O flux at the water-atmosphere interface

图6 微生物相对丰度各名称对应的样本为：S_C：对照组0－2 cm深度的沉积物；S_T：水丝蚓组0－2 cm深度的沉积物；S_N：粉煤灰基不载氧沸石组0－2 cm深度的沉积物；S_N_T：粉煤灰基不载氧沸石+水丝蚓组0－2 cm深度的沉积物；S_O：粉煤灰基载氧沸石组0－2 cm深度的沉积物；S_O_T：粉煤灰基载氧沸石+水丝蚓组0－2 cm深度的沉积物；Z_N：粉煤灰基不载氧沸石组的覆盖层；Z_N_T：粉煤灰基不载氧沸石+水丝蚓组的覆盖层；Z_O：粉煤灰基载氧沸石组的覆盖层；Z_O_T：粉煤灰基载氧沸石+水丝蚓组的覆盖层

Figure 6 Relative abundance of microorganisms

表1 覆盖粉煤灰基沸石的处理组表层沉积物与覆盖层中变形菌门的丰度

Table 1 Abundance of Proteobacteria in the surface sediment and capping layer in the treatment group covered with fly ash-based zeolite %

处理组	NZ	NZ+TW	OZ	OZ+TW
表层沉积物	22.5	20.1	21.9	15.0
覆盖层	40.6	65.8	53.7	35.7

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载氧沸石与水丝蚓对沉积物-水剖面氮迁移转化的影响

The Influence of Oxygen-carrying Zeolite and Tubificid Worm on Nitrogen Migration and Transformation in the Sediment-water Core

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