围封对短花针茅荒漠草原优势种群种间联结性的影响

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.02.007

生态环境学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 247-255.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2025.02.007

围封对短花针茅荒漠草原优势种群种间联结性的影响

刘嘉怡¹(), 张军¹, 张帆², 张慧², 王梓晗², 刘菊红¹, 吕世杰²^,^*()

1.内蒙古农业大学理学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
2.内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018

收稿日期:2024-09-18 出版日期:2025-02-18 发布日期:2025-03-03
通讯作者: *吕世杰。E-mail: lshj123@163.com
作者简介:刘嘉怡（2001年生），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为生物统计。E-mail: 8987081@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32460423);国家自然科学基金项目(32160332);国家自然科学基金项目(32160258);内蒙古农业大学学科交叉基金项目(BR231502)

Effects of Enclosure on Interspecific Association of Dominant Species of Stipa breviflora in Desert Steppe

LIU Jiayi¹(), ZHANG Jun¹, ZHANG Fan², ZHANG Hui², WANG Zihan², LIU Juhong¹, LÜ Shijie²^,^*()

1. College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China
2. College of Grassland and Resource Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P. R. China

Received:2024-09-18 Online:2025-02-18 Published:2025-03-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究不同围封年限对短花针茅荒漠草原优势种群种间联结性的影响可以为荒漠草原的科学管理和生态恢复提供理论支持和实践指导，有助于推动荒漠草原生态系统的可持续管理和保护。以短花针茅（Stipa breviflora）荒漠草原为研究对象，选取了围封年限分别为1、10、19、25 a的4个草地，运用双因素方差、方差比率法、χ²统计量、联结系数（A_C）、共同出现百分率（P_C）以及Dice指数（D_I）研究方法，研究了围封对短花针茅荒漠草原优势种群种间联结性的影响。结果表明，1）空间尺度变化对于短花针茅、无芒隐子草（Cleistogenes songorica）和碱韭（Allium polyrhizum）出现频率无显著影响，围封年限变化对荒漠草原植物群落中优势种的出现频率具有显著影响。2）在不同的空间尺度下，优势种的总体联结性多表现为负联结且多数不显著，仅在小尺度中期围封时表现为显著负联结。围封年限增加会改变优势种的总体联结性，随着围封年限的增加优势种总体联结性由正转负，优势种总体亲和性下降。3）围封年限增加也会改变优势种的种间联结性，由协同共存转变为竞争共存。4）优势种的A_C值多为负，而P_C值与D_I值多处于[0.6, 1]，表明优势种不仅具有优势地位且存在竞争关系。

关键词: 草原生态, 种间联结性, 短花针茅, 无芒隐子草, 碱韭, 优势种

Abstract:

Exploring the influence of different enclosure durations on the interspecific connectivity of dominant populations in the Stipa breviflora desert steppe can offer theoretical support and practical guidance for the scientific management and ecological restoration of desert steppes, and contribute to promoting the sustainable management and protection of desert steppe ecosystems. In this study, Stipa breviflora desert steppe was taken as the research object, and four grasslands with enclosure durations of 1, 10, 19, and 25 years were selected. The effects of enclosure on the interspecific connectivity of dominant populations in the Stipa breviflora desert steppe were investigated using a two-factor variance, variance ratio method, χ² statistic, association coefficient (A_C), percentage of co-occurrence (P_C), and Dice index (D_I). The results showed that 1) spatial scale variations had no significant effect on the occurrence frequencies of Stipa breviflora, Cleistogenes songorica, and Allium polyrhizum, whereas changes in the duration of enclosure had a significant impact on the occurrence frequencies of dominant species in the plant community of the desert steppe. 2) At different spatial scales, the overall connectivity of the dominant species mostly manifested as negative connectivity and was mostly insignificant, showing only significant negative connectivity during the mid-term enclosure on a small scale. An increase in the duration of the enclosure altered the overall connectivity of the dominant species. As the duration of enclosure increased, the overall connectivity of the dominant species changed from positive to negative and the overall affinity of the dominant species declined. 3) An increase in the duration of enclosure would also change the interspecific connectivity of the dominant species, transforming from coexistence through synergy to coexistence through competition. 4) The A_C values of the dominant species were mostly negative, whereas the P_Cand D_I values were mostly within the range of [0.6, 1], indicating that dominant species not only hold a dominant position but also have competitive relationships.

Key words: grassland ecology, interspecific association, Stipa brevifloris, Cleistogenes songorica, Allium polyrhizum, dominant

中图分类号:

刘嘉怡, 张军, 张帆, 张慧, 王梓晗, 刘菊红, 吕世杰. 围封对短花针茅荒漠草原优势种群种间联结性的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2025, 34(2): 247-255.

LIU Jiayi, ZHANG Jun, ZHANG Fan, ZHANG Hui, WANG Zihan, LIU Juhong, LÜ Shijie. Effects of Enclosure on Interspecific Association of Dominant Species of Stipa breviflora in Desert Steppe[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2025, 34(2): 247-255.

图/表 8

图1 围封区样地取样情况红色框内表示空间尺度为35 m×35 m时取样情况;蓝色框内表示空间尺度为30 m×30 m时取样情况

Figure 1 Sampling in the enclosed area plot

表1 优势种群频度双因素方差分析

Table 1 Two-way analysis of variance for frequency of dominant population

来源	因变量	自由度 df	频率
来源	因变量	自由度 df	F	p
空间	短花针茅 S. breviflora	2	1.85	0.24
	无芒隐子草 C. songorica	2	2.22	0.19
	碱韭 A. polyrhizum	2	0.38	0.70
处理	短花针茅 S. breviflora	3	113.42	<0.01
	无芒隐子草 C. songorica	3	95.49	<0.01
	碱韭 A. polyrhizum	3	462.77	<0.01

表2 优势种群在不同空间尺度及围封年限下出现的频率

Table 2 The frequency of dominant populations in different spatial scales and enclosure years

空间尺度	围封年限/a	短花针茅 S. breviflora	无芒隐子草 C. songorica	碱韭 A. polyrhizum
30 m×30 m	1	88.24%	94.12%	98.82%
	10	61.18%	88.24%	97.65%
	19	69.41%	94.12%	98.82%
	25	54.12%	100.00%	75.29%
35 m×35 m	1	84.96%	95.58%	99.12%
	10	57.52%	87.61%	98.23%
	19	69.03%	95.58%	99.12%
	25	51.33%	100.00%	76.11%
40 m×40 m	1	80.69%	94.48%	98.62%
	10	56.55%	84.83%	96.55%
	19	72.41%	93.79%	99.31%
	25	51.72%	100.00%	77.93%

表3 不同空间尺度及围封年限下的方差比率VR及W统计量

Table3 Variance ratio and W statistics at different spatial scales and enclosure years

空间尺度	围封年限/a	V_R	W
30 m×30 m	1	0.89	76.05
	10	1.01	85.58
	19	0.84*	71.44*¹⁾
	25	0.86	72.87
35 m×35 m	1	0.91	102.42
	10	1.05	118.17
	19	0.87	98.64
	25	0.83	93.82
40 m×40 m	1	1.06	153.66
	10	1.05	152.41
	19	0.85	123.70
	25	0.82	119.16

表4 不同空间尺度及围封年限下种群间χ 2统计量矩阵

Table4 χ 2 statistical matrix among populations at different spatial scales and enclosure years

围封年限/a	空间尺度
	30 m×30 m				35 m×35 m				40 m×40 m
		物种	1	2		物种	1	2		物种	1	2
1	2	0.02			2	0.10			2	1.71×10⁻³
1	3	1.43	3.56		3	0.96	4.96*¹⁾		3	0.05	1.48
10	2	0.18			2	0.80			2	0.82
10	3	0.16	0.35		3	0.25	0.30		3	2.36	0.88
19	2	1.06			2	1.08			2	2.33
19	3	0.18	3.56		3	0.17	4.96*		3	0.25	3.32
25	2	0.48			2	2.58			2	0.42
25	3	1.16	8.70×10⁻⁵		3	2.58	1.08		3	3.93*	0.01

图2 不同空间尺度及围封年限下3个物种的联结系数AC

Figure 2 Association coefficient of 3 species at different spatial scales and enclosure years △?1≤AC≤?0.6, □?0.6≤AC<?0.3, ○?0.3≤AC<0, ●0<AC<0.3, ■0.3≤AC<0.6

图3 不同空间尺度及围封年限下3个物种的共同出现百分率PC

Figure 3 Percentage of co-occurrence of 3 species at different spatial scales and enclosure years ●0.2≤PC<0.4, ■0.4≤PC<0.6, ▲0.6≤PC≤1

图4 不同空间尺度及围封年限下3个物种的DI指数

Figure 4 DI index of 3 species at different spatial scales and enclosure years ■0.4≤DI<0.6, ▲0.6≤DI≤1

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围封对短花针茅荒漠草原优势种群种间联结性的影响

Effects of Enclosure on Interspecific Association of Dominant Species of Stipa breviflora in Desert Steppe

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