生物炭基质可显著地促进香蕉幼苗生长

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.04.011

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 732-739.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.04.011

生物炭基质可显著地促进香蕉幼苗生长

魏岚¹(), 黄连喜¹, 李翔¹, 王泽煌², 陈伟盛¹, 黄庆¹, 黄玉芬¹, 刘忠珍¹^,^*()

1.广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省农业资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广东广州 510640
2.江门市农业科技创新中心,广东江门 529099

收稿日期:2021-11-11 出版日期:2022-04-18 发布日期:2022-06-22
通讯作者: *刘忠珍（1977年生）,女,研究员,博士,研究方向为土壤环境。E-mail: lzzgz2001@163.com
作者简介:魏岚（1981年生）,女,副研究员,博士,研究方向为环境污染修复与治理等。E-mail: 441004456@qq.com
基金资助:
广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金(2022KJ109);江门市科技计划项目(2020030103030008571);2018年广州国家现代农业产业科技创新中心创建项目(粤农农函[2019]451号)

Biochar Medium Could Significantly Improve Banana Seedling Growth

WEI Lan¹(), HUANG Lianxi¹, LI Xiang¹, WANG Zehuang², CHEN Weisheng¹, HUANG Qing¹, HUANG Yufen¹, LIU Zhongzhen¹^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
2. Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center of Jiangmen City, Jiangmen 529099, P. R. China

Received:2021-11-11 Online:2022-04-18 Published:2022-06-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在香蕉幼苗生长过程中,基质酸化、养分不足或失衡是一个常见的问题,为了解决这一问题,同时兼顾循环利用农林废弃物,按照体积分数分别配制6种不同的基质,分别为CK（100%椰糠）,T1（2%生物炭+98%椰糠）,T2（5%生物炭+95%椰糠）,T3（10%生物炭+90%椰糠）,T4（20%生物炭+80%椰糠）和T5（50%生物炭+50%椰糠）,采用育苗袋种植巴西蕉组培苗120 d。结果表明,与对照相比,在含生物炭的基质上生长的香蕉假茎长提高了56.3%—93.8%,根长增加了66.7%—155.6%,地上部和地下部干重分别提高了100.6%—174.1%和84.8%—468.2%,同时香蕉幼苗地上部氮磷钾累积量也增加。这显然是由于生物炭显著改善基质肥力性状所致,如pH、有机碳、EC、全氮磷钾和速效磷钾含量,均随着生物炭分数的增加而提高。但是,生物炭分数超过20%,对香蕉幼苗生长的促进作用会降低,最合适的基质是10%生物炭加90%椰糠（T3）。此外,还需要注意,生物炭的促生作用主要表现在幼苗生长后期。

关键词: 香蕉幼苗, 生物炭, 椰糠, 氮磷钾, pH, 生长

Abstract:

It is common that the seedling medium of banana gradually becomes acidic, short of nutrient, and imbalanced. In order to resolve these problems while taking into account the recycling of agricultural and forestry wastes, six different media were prepared with coconut coir dust, traditional substrate, and biochar: CK (100% coconut coir dust in volume percentage), T1 (2% biochar+98% coconut coir powder), T2 (5% biochar+95% coconut coir powder), T3 (10% biochar+90% coconut coir powder), T4 (20% Biochar+ 80% coconut coir powder), and T5 (50% biochar+50% coconut coir powder). All the media in bags had been grown with the seedlings of M. paradisiaca for 120 d. The results showed that compared with CK, the seedlings grown in the biochar-contained media showed much higher values of the pseudostem, root length, and above- and below-ground dry matters, which increased 56.3%-93.8%, 66.7%-155.6%, 100.6%-174.1%, and 84.8%-468.2%, respectively. Moreover, more nutrients such as N, P and K were accumulated in the seedlings grown in biochar-contained media than those grown in CK. The increases of seedling plants were evidently linked with the changes of media after adding biochar. All the parameters such as pH, organic carbon, EC, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and available phosphorus, and potassium proportionally increased with biochar portions. However, the stimulation effect on the seedlings started to decline when the proportion of biochar exceeded 20% in the medium. A suitable media was 10% biochar plus 90% coconut coir dust in volume (T3). Furthermore, it is worth noting that biochar exerted the stimulation in the later stage of banana seedling growth.

Key words: banana seedling, biochar, coconut coir powder, NPK, pH, growth condition

中图分类号:

S156.2
X712

魏岚, 黄连喜, 李翔, 王泽煌, 陈伟盛, 黄庆, 黄玉芬, 刘忠珍. 生物炭基质可显著地促进香蕉幼苗生长[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(4): 732-739.

WEI Lan, HUANG Lianxi, LI Xiang, WANG Zehuang, CHEN Weisheng, HUANG Qing, HUANG Yufen, LIU Zhongzhen. Biochar Medium Could Significantly Improve Banana Seedling Growth[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(4): 732-739.

图/表 7

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物料 Materials	有机碳质量分数 w_{(organic carbon )}/(g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/(g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/(g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/(g∙kg^-1)	pH	电导率 EC/(mS∙cm^-1)
椰糠 Coconut coir dust	6.02	9.02	0.50	0.25	4.60	0.11
生物炭 Biochar	7.28	100.50	25.02	4.20	9.80	1.23

物料 Materials	有机碳质量分数 w_{(organic carbon )}/(g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/(g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/(g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/(g∙kg^-1)	pH	电导率 EC/(mS∙cm^-1)
椰糠 Coconut coir dust	6.02	9.02	0.50	0.25	4.60	0.11
生物炭 Biochar	7.28	100.50	25.02	4.20	9.80	1.23

处理Treatment	50 d			80 d			120 d
处理Treatment	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)
CK	37.09±0.53d	5.46±0.09b	87.51±0.48cd	30.67±0.48bc	6.71±0.05b	85.59±0.68bc	29.46±0.15b	6.92±0.32c	73.56±0.12b
T1	38.85±0.36c	5.87±0.03a	88.88±0.45bc	31.34±0.28b	7.61±0.24a	85.21±0.85bc	28.14±0.49c	7.55±0.28b	70.85±3.15c
T2	39.94±0.13b	5.59±0.06b	95.34±0.30a	27.25±0.66d	6.13±0.17c	86.05±1.50bc	18.88±0.45e	4.51±0.72e	43.32±3.31d
T3	41.42±0.09a	5.04±0.12c	91.26±1.31b	32.08±0.41a	6.96±0.17b	96.13±0.67a	31.71±0.21a	7.06±0.29c	72.87±1.70b
T4	38.643±0.13c	4.94±0.06c	91.23±1.15b	30.46±0.65c	5.16±0.32d	87.39±3.02b	29.32±0.71b	8.05±0.32a	86.86±1.01a
T5	37.65±0.34d	4.11±0.04d	85.13±0.70d	27.3±0.45d	4.84±0.19e	97.19±1.22a	26.43±0.79d	5.11±0.26d	73.05±2.23b

处理Treatment	50 d			80 d			120 d
处理Treatment	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)
CK	37.09±0.53d	5.46±0.09b	87.51±0.48cd	30.67±0.48bc	6.71±0.05b	85.59±0.68bc	29.46±0.15b	6.92±0.32c	73.56±0.12b
T1	38.85±0.36c	5.87±0.03a	88.88±0.45bc	31.34±0.28b	7.61±0.24a	85.21±0.85bc	28.14±0.49c	7.55±0.28b	70.85±3.15c
T2	39.94±0.13b	5.59±0.06b	95.34±0.30a	27.25±0.66d	6.13±0.17c	86.05±1.50bc	18.88±0.45e	4.51±0.72e	43.32±3.31d
T3	41.42±0.09a	5.04±0.12c	91.26±1.31b	32.08±0.41a	6.96±0.17b	96.13±0.67a	31.71±0.21a	7.06±0.29c	72.87±1.70b
T4	38.643±0.13c	4.94±0.06c	91.23±1.15b	30.46±0.65c	5.16±0.32d	87.39±3.02b	29.32±0.71b	8.05±0.32a	86.86±1.01a
T5	37.65±0.34d	4.11±0.04d	85.13±0.70d	27.3±0.45d	4.84±0.19e	97.19±1.22a	26.43±0.79d	5.11±0.26d	73.05±2.23b

处理Treatment	50 d			80 d			120 d
处理Treatment	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总氮质量分数 w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷质量分数 w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾质量分数 w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)
CK	27.56±0.54cd	4.81±0.20ab	88.93±0.12e	23.71±0.27b	5.17±0.29b	73.49±1.27d	25.07±0.17b	4.39±0.09d	53.79±0.12e
T1	28.24±0.49bc	4.99±0.14a	93.47±2.44d	23.39±0.51b	4.97±0.15bcd	58.65±0.18e	25.69±0.37b	6.45±0.26a	74.42±0.51a
T2	30.96±0.55a	4.32±0.17cd	94.69±0.74d	23.43±0.16b	6.15±0.24a	84.23±0.31b	20.89±0.29d	5.03±0.29c	53.69±1.57e
T3	26.86±0.32d	4.61±0.11bc	108.71±1.33a	25.75±0.51a	4.61±0.15d	84.26±1.07b	26.88±1.62a	5.82±0.15b	69.22±1.28b
T4	28.65±0.27b	4.19±0.20d	99.07±0.47c	23.01±0.55b	4.69±0.17cd	79.76±1.31c	22.32±0.62c	6.41±0.18a	65.19±0.14d
T5	27.94±0.11bc	4.14±0.17d	102.29±2.03b	23.568±0.62b	5.05±0.18bc	90.23±2.12a	23.49±0.46c	5.67±0.13b	66.88±0.31c

生物炭基质可显著地促进香蕉幼苗生长

Biochar Medium Could Significantly Improve Banana Seedling Growth

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处理Treatment	50 d			80 d			120 d
处理Treatment	氮累积量 Nitrogen accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)	磷累积量 Phosphorus accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)	钾累积量 Potassium accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)	氮累积量 Nitrogen accumulation/ (mg∙plan^-1)	磷累积量 Phosphorus accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)	钾累积量 Potassium accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)	氮累积量 Nitrogen accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)	磷累积量 Phosphorus accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)	钾累积量 Potassium accumulation/ (mg∙plant^-1)
CK	17.19±0.25c	2.53±0.09b	40.54±0.48c	23.21±0.48c	5.07±0.05e	64.76±0.68d	37.52±0.15d	8.81±0.32e	93.67±0.12d
T1	25.26±0.24b	3.81±0.03a	57.77±0.45b	40.95±0.28b	9.94±0.24a	111.32±0.84c	64.17±0.48b	17.21±0.28b	161.54±3.15c
T2	22.24±0.13b	3.11±0.07ab	53.07±0.29b	37.71±0.65b	8.48±0.17b	119.04±1.50c	72.87±0.45a	17.41±0.72b	167.23±3.32c
T3	30.24±0.08a	3.68±0.12a	66.62±1.31a	48.24±0.41a	10.45±0.17a	144.51±0.67a	65.62±0.21b	14.61±0.29c	180.85±1.70b
T4	19.19±0.13c	2.45±0.06b	45.31±1.14c	47.11±0.65a	7.81±0.32c	135.17±3.02b	76.42±0.71a	20.99±0.32a	226.43±1.01a
T5	11.31±0.34d	1.23±0.04c	25.54±0.70d	38.13±0.45b	6.76±0.19d	135.75±1.23b	59.39±0.79c	11.48±0.26d	164.12±2.23c

天数Time/d	处理 Treatment	pH	有机碳 Organic carbon w_{(C content)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	容重 Bulk density/ (g∙cm^-1)	总孔隙度 Total porosity/ %	电导率 Conductivity EC/ (mS∙cm^-1)	碱解氮Alkali-hydro nitrogen w_(Alkali-N)/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷Available phosphorus w_(Olsen-P)/ (mg∙kg^-1)	有效钾Available potassium w_{(Available-P)}/ (mg∙kg^-1)	总氮 Total nitrogen w_{(Total N)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总磷 Total phosphorus w_{(Total P)}/ (g∙kg^-1)	总钾 Total potassium w_{(Total K)}/ (g∙kg^-1)
0	CK	4.82c	40.1±1.6c	0.21±0.01d	70±3a	0.11±0.01d	761±36a	252±87c	2842±303c	9.11±0.61d	0.82±0.11e	2.63±0.32e
	T1	4.90c	44.9±0.6bc	0.25±0.01bc	68±2a	0.13±0.04d	727±37a	254±98c	3109±453c	8.02±0.72d	0.83±0.12de	3.02±0.11de
	T2	5.15b	45.8±0.1b	0.28±0.03b	67±2ab	0.12±0.02d	720±49a	303±77c	3814±577c	10.61±0.52c	1.02±0.10d	4.23±0.63d
	T3	5.20b	49.9±0.4ab	0.30±0.02b	65±2b	0.25±0.00c	780±31a	543±99b	6136±291b	11.43±0.84bc	1.11±0.11c	6.82±0.32c
	T4	5.42a	47.2±5.8ab	0.33±0.01a	64±1b	0.34±0.01b	755±43a	711±62ab	7484±748b	12.43±0.24b	1.32±0.10b	8.32±0.52b
	T5	5.68a	51.6±0.1a	0.35±0.01a	60±3c	0.53±0.04a	623±63a	783±60a	11050±680a	14.82±0.12a	1.53±0.10a	12.35±1.11a
120	CK	4.53d	49.7±0.2d	0.21±0.01d	71±2a	0.09±0.01a	615±24a	172±38c	1437±372c	9.72±0.52e	0.74±0.13b	2.52±0.53b
	T1	4.85c	52.1±0.6c	0.22±0.01d	69±2a	0.09±0.00a	612±19a	183±20bc	1518±222c	10.53±0.41de	1.52±0.15a	2.61±0.41b
	T2	4.95bc	54.7±1.6bc	0.24±0.01c	67±1ab	0.09±0.01a	633±31a	249±66bc	1949±322bc	11.22±0.11cd	0.83±0.11ab	2.72±0.85b
	T3	5.16b	54.3±0.4b	0.27±0.02b	66±1b	0.10±0.02a	634±43a	400±99ab	2555±536b	11.92±0.10bc	1.32±0.33a	3.41±1.01a
	T4	5.40a	57.0±1.0a	0.29±0.02b	63±2c	0.12±0.02a	631±47a	414±54ab	3044±513ab	12.34±0.32b	1.42±0.22a	4.02±1.02a
	T5	5.56a	57.0±1.4a	0.33±0.01a	60±2c	0.12±0.01a	593±48a	481±99a	3682±163a	14.62±0.42a	1.45±0.14a	4.72±1.23a

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