Abstract:

This study uses Hainan Island as the study area, using townships as the unit of analysis. Based on land-use data from 2000 to 2020, it examines the spatiotemporal distribution and coupling coordination relationships of Production-Living-Ecological Space (PLES). By constructing a functional evaluation index system for PLES, the study calculates the functional scores for production, living, and ecological spaces. Exploratory spatial data analysis is employed to identify the spatial patterns and temporal changes in “hot” and “cold” spots for each function. Furthermore, a coupling coordination degree model is introduced to quantify the coordination levels of PLES functions at the township scale. The results indicate that while production and living space functions have steadily strengthened over time, ecological space functions have declined, particularly in coastal areas and regions with higher levels of urbanization. Overall, the PLES configuration exhibits a typical development pattern characterized by the outward expansion of production and living spaces and the compression of ecological space. The coupling coordination analysis shows a gradual improvement in the overall coordination level across the island, suggesting a generally positive trend toward regional coordinated development. However, relatively low coordination levels are observed in central ecological conservation zones and certain coastal economic development areas, revealing persistent imbalances between ecological protection and socioeconomic development. This study provides policy recommendations for optimizing ecological conservation and land-use planning to promote sustainable regional development, and serves as a useful reference for ecological protection and rational land use in other environmentally sensitive regions.

Key words: Hainan Island, Production-Living-Ecological Space, land use structure, spatial pattern evolution, regional coordinated development

摘要：

该研究以海南岛为研究区，以乡镇为分析单元，以该岛2000－2020年土地利用数据为基础，分析海南岛“三生空间”（生产、生活、生态空间）的时空分布和耦合协调关系。通过构建“三生空间”功能评分表测算生产、生活、生态功能得分，利用探索性空间数据分析方法识别出生产、生活、生态功能的冷热点分布及其变化，引入耦合协调度模型计算各乡镇“三生空间”功能耦合协调水平。研究发现，海南岛生产和生活空间功能逐年增强，但生态空间功能有所下降，特别是在沿海地区和城市化程度较高的区域。整体来看，海南岛的“三生空间”格局呈现出“生产-生活向外扩展，生态空间受挤压”的典型发展特征。通过耦合协调度模型分析，海南岛整体耦合协调水平逐步提高，表现出较为良好的区域协调发展态势。但中部生态保护区及部分沿海经济开发区域的耦合协调水平相对较低，反映出在生态保护与经济社会发展之间仍存在功能不均衡的问题。该文提出了优化生态保护与土地利用政策的建议，以实现区域的可持续发展，也为其他生态敏感地区的生态保护和土地合理利用提供参考。

关键词: 海南岛, 三生空间, 土地利用结构, 空间格局演变, 区域协调发展