城市加油站场地典型有机污染物空间分布特征

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.11.008

生态环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 2175-2184.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.11.008

城市加油站场地典型有机污染物空间分布特征

郝丽虹¹^,²^,^*(), 刘桂青¹^,², 张世晨², 苗宇萍³

1.山西省生态环境保护服务中心,山西太原 030009
2.山西省环境污染损害司法鉴定中心,山西太原 030009
3.山西霍斯金科技有限公司,山西长治 046000

收稿日期:2021-03-10 出版日期:2021-11-18 发布日期:2021-12-29
通讯作者: *
作者简介:郝丽虹（1983年生）,女,高级工程师,硕士研究生,主要从事污染场地的土壤调查与研究、土壤环境污染损害研究等工作。E-mail: comrc@126.com

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Typical Organic Pollutants in Urban Petrol Station

HAO Lihong¹^,²^,^*(), LIU Guiqing¹^,², ZHANG Shichen², MIAO Yuping³

1. Shanxi Ecological Environment Protection Service Center, Taiyuan 030009, China
2. Shanxi Judical Expertise Center for Damage Caused by Environmental Pollution, Taiyuan 030009, China
3. Shanxi Hosking Technology Co. LTD, Changzhi 046000, China

Received:2021-03-10 Online:2021-11-18 Published:2021-12-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解城市加油站场地典型有机污染物的空间分布特征,对山西省研究区内面积约3629 m²某加油站土壤、地下水中总石油烃（TPH）、单环芳烃（苯、二甲苯）、酚类添加剂甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）的浓度分布与迁移规律进行分析。结果表明,土壤中总石油烃与甲基叔丁基醚多分布于油罐区,在表层0.0—0.5 m深度范围内总石油烃污染物浓度分布情况表现为油罐区>输油管线区>加油岛;苯、二甲苯污染物主要集中在土壤2.0—5.0 m深度范围内,分布表现为输油管线区>油罐区>加油岛;甲基叔丁基醚污染物浓度主要积累在土壤4.0—6.0 m深度范围内,且油罐区>输油管线区;污染物主要来源于油品运输及油罐和加油机油品的跑冒漏滴;加油站土壤总石油烃以小于C16的链状烷烃为主,总石油烃垂向的迁移扩散能力表现为大于C16的长链石油烃<小于C16的链状烷烃。场地地下水中总石油烃、苯、二甲苯、甲基叔丁基醚均普遍超标。该研究创新监测分析手段,可更准确地了解城市加油站场地典型有机污染物的空间分布与迁移规律,从而可为城市加油站场地的选址及周边环境敏感点的影响评价、加油站场地调查评估、修复治理提供理论依据。

关键词: 城市加油站, 有机污染物, 总石油烃（TPH）, 单环芳烃（苯、二甲苯）, 甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）, 空间分布特征

Abstract:

In order to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of typical organic pollutants in the site of the urban petrol stations, the concentration distribution and migration rules of the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), mononuclear aromatics (benzene, xylene) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in the soil and ground water of a petrol station which is located in the Shanxi province and covers an area of 3629 square meters were analyzed. The main results showed as following: The TPH and MTBE in the soil were mainly distributed in oil tank area. In the soil depth range of 0?0.5 m, the concentration distribution of TPH is oil tank area>oil pipeline area> oil island. Benzene and xylene in the soil were mainly distributed in the depth range of 2.0?5.0 m and the concentration distribution is oil pipeline area>oil tank area>oil island. The MTBE in the soil was mainly distributed in the depth range of 4.0?6.0 m and the concentration distribution is oil tank area>oil pipeline area. The oil transportation and oil leakage from oil tanks and tankers were the main sources of the pollutants. The TPH in soil was dominated by chain alkanes (C<16) and the vertical migration and diffusion capability of short-chain alkanes (C<16) is greater than that of long-chain alkanes (C>16). The results also indicated that the TPH, benzene, xylene and MTBE in ground water generally exceed the standard. The proposed monitoring and analysis methods in this research provided a new way to study the spatial distribution and migration rules of typical organic pollutants in the site of the urban petrol stations. this research also provided the theoretical bases for the site selection of petrol stations in urban area and the influence of sensitive points in surrounding environment, site investigation and evaluation, and pollution remediation and treatment.

Key words: urban petrol station, organic pollutants, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), mononuclear aromatics (benzene, xylene), methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE), spatial distribution characteristics

中图分类号:

X142

郝丽虹, 刘桂青, 张世晨, 苗宇萍. 城市加油站场地典型有机污染物空间分布特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(11): 2175-2184.

HAO Lihong, LIU Guiqing, ZHANG Shichen, MIAO Yuping. Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Typical Organic Pollutants in Urban Petrol Station[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2021, 30(11): 2175-2184.

图/表 13

参考文献 13

[1]	BETTS K S, 2007. Secondhand suspicions: Breast cancer and passive smoking[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 115(3): A136-A143.
[2]	FAYOLLE F, VANDECASTEELE J P, MONOT F, 2001. Microbial degradation and fate in the environment of methyl tert -butyl ether and related fuel oxygenates[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 56(3-4): 339-349. DOI URL
[3]	付丽, 吴明, 2009. 庆铁线埋地原油管道沿线土壤腐蚀性评价[J]. 当代化工, 38(4): 397-399.
	FU L, WU M, 2009. Evaluation of the soil corrosivity along the Qing-Tie buried crude oil pipeline[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry, 38(4): 397-399.
[4]	葛佳, 刘振鸿, 杨青, 等, 2013. 加油站的油品渗漏污染调查及健康风险评估[J]. 安全与环境学报, 13(2): 97-101.
	GE J, LIU Z H, YANG Q, et al., 2013. Inwestigation and assessment: oil leakage contamination at a gas station and the health hazards due to its contamination[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 13(2): 97-101.
[5]	胡宏涛, 2019. 加油站场地环境调查及污染土壤和地下水修复研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学: 3-5.
	HU H T, 2019. Petrol station site environmental assessment and contaminated soil & groundwater remediation research[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University: 3-5.
[6]	何家欢, 2020. 加油站地下储油罐场地污染防治[J]. 中国资源综合利用, 38(8): 124-126.
	HE J H, 2020. Pollution prevention and control of underground oil storage tank site in gas station[J]. China Resources Comprehensive Utilization, 38(8): 124-126.
[7]	贾小飞, 2016. 中国不同地区加油站土壤和地下水污染状况调查研究[D]. 苏州: 苏州科技大学: 19-43.
	JIA X F, 2016. Investigation and study of the soil and groundwater contamination of service stations in different parts of China[D]. Suzhou: Suzhou University of Science and Technology: 19-43.
[8]	康丽娟, 孙从军, 杨青, 等, 2014. 加油站地下储罐系统渗漏污染物监测研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 39(2): 53-57.
	KANG L J, SUN C J, YANG Q, et al., 2014. Characteristics of Pollutants from Underground Storage Tank Leakage[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 39(2): 53-57.
[9]	史兵方, 唐婧, 兰翠玲, 等, 2010. 土壤中多环芳烃的垂直分布特征及来源研究--以四川省南充市区为例[J]. 安全与环境学报, 10(4): 73-77.
	SHI B F, TANG J, LAN C L, et al., 2010. Vertical distribution characteristics and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils in industrial zone in Nanchong City[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 10(4): 73-77.
[10]	杨青, 陈小华, 孙从军, 等, 2014. 地下水浅埋区某加油站特征污染物空间分布[J]. 环境工程学报, 8(1): 98-103.
	YANG Q, CHEN X H, SUN C J, et al., 2014. Spatial distribution of typical pollutants of gas stations in shallow water-table areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 8(1): 98-103.
[11]	周迅, 2007. 苏南地区加油站地下储油罐渗漏污染研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质科学院: 29-36.
	ZHOU X, 2007. Leakage Contamination of Underground Oil Storage Tank in South Jiangsu Province[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Geology Science: 29-36.
[12]	赵德刚, 赵亮, 田西昭, 等, 2016. 华北地区某加油站地下水土污染调查研究[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 27(5): 93-96.
	ZHAO D G, ZHAO L, TIAN X Z, et al., 2016. Investigation of soil contaminated groundwater in a gas station in North China[J]. Journal of Water Resources ＆ Water Engineering, 27(5):93-96.
[13]	张宏凯, 左锐, 王金生, 等, 2018. 加油站泄漏污染物的迁移分布规律[J]. 中国环境科学, 38(4): 1532-1539.
	ZHANG H K, ZUO R, WANG J S, et al., 2018. The underground migration and distribution of petroleum contamination at a gas station[J]. China Environmental Science, 38(4): 1532-1539.

类型 Type	总石油烃（TPH） Total petroleum hydrocarbon
样品总数 Total number of samples	108
检出样品数 Number of samples detected	65
检出率 Detection rate/%	60.19
w_(TPH)max/(mg∙kg^-1)	12844
w_(TPH)min/(mg∙kg^-1)	0.8
w_(TPH)mean/(mg∙kg^-1)	1254.34
w_{(TPH)control point}/(mg∙kg^-1)	ND

类型 Type	总石油烃（TPH） Total petroleum hydrocarbon
样品总数 Total number of samples	108
检出样品数 Number of samples detected	65
检出率 Detection rate/%	60.19
w_(TPH)max/(mg∙kg^-1)	12844
w_(TPH)min/(mg∙kg^-1)	0.8
w_(TPH)mean/(mg∙kg^-1)	1254.34
w_{(TPH)control point}/(mg∙kg^-1)	ND

类型 Type	TPH (C<16)	TPH (C>16)
样品总数 Total number of samples	108	108
检出样品数 Number of samples detected	65	19
检出率 Detection rate/%	60.19	17.59
w_(TPH)max/(mg∙kg^-1)	12590	1470
w_(TPH)min/(mg∙kg^-1)	0.8	17.3
w_(TPH)mean/(mg∙kg^-1)	1192.67	210.98
超标样品数 Over standard sample number	19	0
最大污染指数 Maximum pollution index	20.31	—
超标率 Over standard rate/%	17.59	0
w_{(TPH)screening}/(mg∙kg^-1)	620	10000
w_{(TPH)control point}/(mg∙kg^-1)	ND	ND

类型 Type	TPH (C<16)	TPH (C>16)
样品总数 Total number of samples	108	108
检出样品数 Number of samples detected	65	19
检出率 Detection rate/%	60.19	17.59
w_(TPH)max/(mg∙kg^-1)	12590	1470
w_(TPH)min/(mg∙kg^-1)	0.8	17.3
w_(TPH)mean/(mg∙kg^-1)	1192.67	210.98
超标样品数 Over standard sample number	19	0
最大污染指数 Maximum pollution index	20.31	—
超标率 Over standard rate/%	17.59	0
w_{(TPH)screening}/(mg∙kg^-1)	620	10000
w_{(TPH)control point}/(mg∙kg^-1)	ND	ND

类别 Type	苯 Benzene	二甲苯 Xylene	甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE) Methyl tert-butyl ether
样品总数 Total number of samples	108	108	108
检出样品数 Number of samples detected	39	56	31
检出率 Detection rate/%	36.11	51.85	28.70
w_(max)/(mg∙kg^-1)	155	2137	322
w_(min)/(mg∙kg^-1)	0.06	0.13	0.06
w_(mean)/(mg∙kg^-1)	9.04	185.98	39.24
超标样品数 Over standard sample number	13	12	4
最大污染指数 Maximum pollution index	110.71	21.37	3.22
超标率 Over standard rate/%	12.04	11.11	3.70
w_(screening)/(mg∙kg^-1)	1.4	100	100
w_{(control point)}/(mg∙kg^-1)	ND	ND	ND

城市加油站场地典型有机污染物空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Typical Organic Pollutants in Urban Petrol Station

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 13

参考文献 13

相关文章 4

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	董智今, 张呈春, 展秀丽, 张维福. 宁夏河东沙地生物土壤结皮及其下伏土壤养分的空间分布特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(5): 910-919.
[2]	刘沙沙, 陈诺, 杨晓茵. 微塑料对有机污染物的吸附-解吸特性及其复合毒性效应研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(3): 610-620.
[3]	许冬雪, 李兴, 王勇, 勾芒芒. 冰封期乌梁素海不同形态氮、磷和叶绿素a的空间分布特征及其响应关系[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(9): 1855-1864.
[4]	李海萍, 李光一, 万华伟, 李利平. 基于矩阵分析法的鸟类与哺乳动物物种丰富度空间差异研究——以新疆为例[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(7): 1333-1341.