Preparation of K2FeO4 Modified Biochar and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Cd(Ⅱ) in Aqueous Solution

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.12.013

Ecology and Environment ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 2380-2386.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.12.013

• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles

Preparation of K₂FeO₄ Modified Biochar and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Cd(Ⅱ) in Aqueous Solution

WANG Yazhuo¹^,²^,⁵(), ZHOU Xiang³, XIU Lei⁴, SHAN Rui¹^,²^,^*(), YUAN Haoran¹^,²

1. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
3. Shandong HI-SPEED Honglin Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Ji’nan 250014, China
4. FoshanKehengbo Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528225, China
5. FoshanKehengbo Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528225, China

Received:2021-08-04 Online:2021-12-18 Published:2022-01-04
Contact: SHAN Rui

高铁酸钾改性生物炭的制备及其对水体中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附特性

王亚琢¹^,²^,⁵(), 周翔³, 修磊⁴, 单锐¹^,²^,^*(), 袁浩然¹^,²

1.中国科学院广州能源研究所,广东广州 510640
2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（广州）,广东广州 511458
3.山东高速鸿林工程技术有限公司,山东济南 250014
4.山东高速绿色生态发展有限公司,山东济南 250014
5.佛山市科恒博环保技术有限公司,广东佛山 528225

通讯作者: 单锐
作者简介:王亚琢（1985年生）,男,高级工程师,博士研究生,主要研究方向为有机固废资源化利用。E-mail: wangyz@ms.giec.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1908900);国家自然科学基金项目(51776211);广东省科技计划项目(2021A1515012263);广东省科技计划项目(2019B110210003);广州市科技计划项目(202002030365)

Abstract

Abstract:

With the development of industrialization, excessive emission of chromium Cd(Ⅱ) will cause great harm to humans and the environment. in this paper, peanut shell biochar modified with potassium ferrite was used to study the adsorption behavior for Cd(Ⅱ) removal. The effects of reaction time, solution pH, Cd(Ⅱ) concentration and biochar addition on adsorption capacity were explored. It was found when the optimal pH of the solution was 6, the adsorption saturation time was 2 h, the saturated Cd(Ⅱ) concentration was 300 mg∙L^-1 and the biochar addition amount was 4.0 g∙L^-1, the maximum adsorption amount was 153.28 mg∙g^-1. Higher pH values would cause Cd(Ⅱ) to precipitate out in the form of precipitation. At the same time, a variety of characterization methods showed that the K₂FeO₄ improved the pore structure of the biochar and increased the numbers of C=C, C=O and -OH functional groups. FTIR also proved that the functional group complexed with Cd(Ⅱ) during the adsorption process, and improved the adsorption efficiency. The reusability study showed that the adsorption capacity of Cd(Ⅱ) in the fourth desorption-adsorption experiment reached 79.38 mg∙g^-1, which indicated the biochar had good reuse performance. In order to further study the adsorption performance of the biochar, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm of the adsorption process were tested. The results showed that the adsorption of Fe-BC biochar to Cd(Ⅱ) was a single-layer surface adsorption, with chemical adsorption as the main and physical adsorption as a supplement. Fe-BC biochar modified by potassium ferrite is an environmentally friendly and efficient heavy metal adsorbent. It can effectively reduce the Cd(Ⅱ) content in the water and the ecological environment. This research provides a reference for the recycling of waste biomass and water pollution control.

Key words: biochar, modification, adsorption, Cd(Ⅱ), K₂FeO₄, peanut shells

摘要：

随着工业化的发展,金属铬Cd(Ⅱ)的过量排放将对人类和环境造成巨大的危害。以花生壳为原料制备生物炭,并用高铁酸钾（K₂FeO₄）对其进行改性,制备了磁性吸附剂（Fe-BC）用于吸附并降低水体中的Cd(II)。实验探究了吸附时间、溶液pH、Cd(II)质量浓度和生物炭添加量对吸附效果的影响。研究发现,当溶液pH为6、吸附饱和时间为2 h、饱和Cd(II)质量浓度为300 mg∙L^-1、吸附剂添加量为4.0 g∙L^-1时,Cd(II)最大吸附量可达到153.28 mg∙g^-1。较高的pH值会导致Cd(II)以沉淀的形式析出。同时,多种表征手段表明,改性剂K₂FeO₄改善了生物炭表面的孔径结构,增加了生物炭表面C=C、C=O和-OH官能团的数量,FTIR还证明了吸附过程中官能团与Cd(II)发生络合作用,从而有效提高吸附效率。Fe-BC在第4次脱附-吸附实验中对Cd(II)的吸附量达79.38 mg∙g^-1,该生物炭具有良好的重复利用性能。为了进一步研究该生物炭的吸附性能,对该吸附过程进行了吸附动力学和吸附等温线的研究,结果表明Fe-BC生物炭对Cd(II)的吸附属于单层表面的吸附,以化学吸附为主、物理吸附为辅。综上所述,Fe-BC生物炭材料制备简单、经济环保,具有吸附速率快、吸附容量大、吸附效率高、化学稳定性好的优点,能够有效降低水体中Cd(II)含量,降低其生态风险,为废弃生物质资源化以及水体污染治理提供了参考。

关键词: 生物炭, 改性, 吸附特性, Cd(II), 高铁酸钾, 花生壳

CLC Number:

X703

WANG Yazhuo, ZHOU Xiang, XIU Lei, SHAN Rui, YUAN Haoran. Preparation of K₂FeO₄ Modified Biochar and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Cd(Ⅱ) in Aqueous Solution[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2021, 30(12): 2380-2386.

王亚琢, 周翔, 修磊, 单锐, 袁浩然. 高铁酸钾改性生物炭的制备及其对水体中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附特性[J]. 生态环境学报, 2021, 30(12): 2380-2386.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 SEM images of BC and Fe-BC

Fig. 2 X-ray diffraction pattern of BC and Fe-BC

Fig. 3 FTIR spectrums of BC and Fe-BC

Fig. 4 Effect of pH on the adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) by Fe-BC

Fig. 5 Effect of Fe-BC dosage on Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption

Fig. 6 Adsorption kinetics of Cd(Ⅱ) by Fe-BC

Table1 Adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetic model parameters

吸附等温线参数 Adsorption isotherms parameters			吸附动力学参数 Adsorption kinetic model parameters
Freundlich 模型	Langmuir 模型		拟一级吸附动力学	拟二级吸附动力学
K_F=26.2909 mg∙g^-1 n_F=0.3254 r²=0.8935	q_max=183.1970 mg∙g^-1 K_L=0.0221 L∙g^-1 r²=0.9858		q_e=153.7083 mg∙g^-1 k₁=0.0555 r²=0.9701	q_e=174.4224 mg∙g^-1 k₂=1.8056 r²=0.9962

Fig. 7 Isotherm model diagram of Fe-BC adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ)

Fig. 8 FTIR spectrum of Fe-BC after adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ)

Fig. 9 XPS spectrum of Fe-BC after Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption

Fig. 10 Effect of six adsorption desorption cycles on adsorption capacity of Cd(Ⅱ) by Fe-BC

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Preparation of K₂FeO₄ Modified Biochar and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Cd(Ⅱ) in Aqueous Solution

高铁酸钾改性生物炭的制备及其对水体中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附特性

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