Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in Liao River Estuary Wetland and Their Influencing Factors

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.03.001

Ecology and Environment ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 333-340.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.03.001

• Research Article [Ecology] • Next Articles

Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in Liao River Estuary Wetland and Their Influencing Factors

LUO Qing^*(), HE Qing, WU Huiqiu, KOU Liyue, FANG Xu, ZHANG Xinyu, LI Yuan, CHAI Yuting, ZHANG Ruisheng, DAI Wenju

Key Laboratory of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment, Ministry of Education/Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, P. R. China

Received:2023-09-15 Online:2024-03-18 Published:2024-05-08
Contact: LUO Qing

辽河口湿地土壤有机碳组分特征及其影响因素

罗庆^*(), 何清, 吴慧秋, 寇力月, 方旭, 张鑫雨, 李缘, 柴育廷, 张瑞生, 代文举

沈阳大学/区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室，辽宁沈阳 110044

通讯作者: 罗庆
作者简介:罗庆（1984年生），男，教授，博士，博士研究生导师，研究方向为污染土壤生态修复。E-mail: luoqingyt@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41807384);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划(RC220128);辽宁省兴辽英才计划(XLYC2203141);大学生创新创业训练计划(S202211035074)

Abstract

Abstract:

Wetland ecosystems have great potential for carbon sinks. However, due to the different climatic conditions and vegetation types, soil organic carbon fractions of wetlands may differ greatly, leading to various influences of soil organic carbon in different types of wetlands affected by soil physical and chemical properties. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of the soil organic carbon fractions is of great significance for the development and protection of coastal wetland ecosystems. In order to explore the characteristics of the soil organic carbon fractions of the wetland, and determine the impacts of the soil physical and chemical properties on organic carbon storage in the Liao River Estuary wetland, five land cover types (Suaeda heteroptera community, reed community, bare land of Guangtan, oil well area, and farming area) were selected. Further, their soil organic carbon fractions and the basic soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The results showed that the soil organic carbon (SOC) content of the Liao River Estuary wetland varied significantly among different land use types. The reed community was the richest with (52.6±3.80) g∙kg⁻¹and the bare land of the bare beach was the least, with (28.2±7.05) g∙kg⁻¹. Under plant cover, the soil had abundant carbon input, favoring soil organic carbon fixation, and this phenomenon decreased with the depth of soil layer. Light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC) and easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC) were significantly correlated with SOC content (P<0.05). The magnitude of correlation was EOC>HFOC>LFOC. The SOC content showed a significant positive correlation with pH and cation exchange, and was not significantly affected by water content and total dissolved solids. This observation may be related to the characteristics of organic carbon fractions. The soil carbon pool in the Liao River Estuary wetland had the largest proportion of HFOC and the smallest proportion of EOC, and the structure of the pool was relatively stable. The pH and cation exchange mainly affected the SOC content by influencing the accumulation rate of HFOC. Therefore, increasing the more stable HFOC storage in wetland soils can enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of wetland soils. The results of the study can provide a reference for coastal wetland ecosystem protection and carbon sink function enhancement.

Key words: Liao River Estuary wetland, soil organic carbon, carbon fraction, chemical and physical properties of soil, land use, heavy fraction organic carbon

摘要：

湿地生态系统碳汇潜力巨大，但不同的气候条件及植被类型，导致湿地土壤有机碳库组分有较大的差异，进而导致不同类型的湿地土壤有机碳受土壤理化性质的影响也有差异。深入了解土壤有机碳组分特征对滨海湿地生态系统开发及保护具有重要意义。以辽河口湿地为对象，选取5种土地覆盖类型（翅碱蓬群落、芦苇群落、光滩裸地、油井区和农耕区），分析不同土地覆盖类型下土壤有机碳组分及土壤基本理化性质，对所得数据进行相关性和差异性分析，以期探明辽河口湿地土壤有机碳组分特征，并确定土壤理化性质对辽河口湿地有机碳储量的影响。结果表明：辽河口湿地在不同土地利用类型下土壤总有机碳（Soil organic carbon，SOC）含量差异显著，其中芦苇群落碳储量最丰富，达 (52.6±3.80) g∙kg⁻¹，光滩裸地碳储量最少，为 (28.2±7.05) g∙kg⁻¹；在植物覆盖下土壤有充沛的碳输入而有利于土壤有机碳的固定，这一现象随土层深度的加深而减弱。轻组分有机碳（Light fraction organic carbon，LFOC）、重组分有机碳（Heavy fraction organic carbon，HFOC）和易氧化有机碳（Easily oxidized organic carbon，EOC）均与SOC含量具有显著的相关性（P<0.05），相关性大小为EOC>HFOC>LFOC。SOC含量与pH值、阳离子交换量呈显著正相关，而受含水率、总可溶性固体的影响不显著，这一现象可能与有机碳组分特征有关。辽河口湿地土壤碳库中HFOC占比最大，EOC占比最小，碳库结构较为稳定。pH值、阳离子交换量主要通过影响HFOC积累速率来影响SOC含量。因此，提高湿地土壤中较为稳定的HFOC储量，有助于提升湿地土壤的固碳能力。研究结果可为滨海湿地生态系统保护与碳汇功能提升提供参考。

关键词: 辽河口湿地, 土壤有机碳, 碳组分, 土壤理化性质, 土地利用, 重组分有机碳

CLC Number:

S153.6
X144

LUO Qing, HE Qing, WU Huiqiu, KOU Liyue, FANG Xu, ZHANG Xinyu, LI Yuan, CHAI Yuting, ZHANG Ruisheng, DAI Wenju. Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in Liao River Estuary Wetland and Their Influencing Factors[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(3): 333-340.

罗庆, 何清, 吴慧秋, 寇力月, 方旭, 张鑫雨, 李缘, 柴育廷, 张瑞生, 代文举. 辽河口湿地土壤有机碳组分特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(3): 333-340.

Figures/Tables 6

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土层/ cm	覆盖类型	含水率/%	总可溶性固体质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	pH	阳离子交换量/ (cmol∙kg⁻¹)
10-30	油井	6.25±1.48^Ba	16.1±3.43^Bb	6.95±0.27^Ba	30.3±0.04^Ba
	农耕	13.0±1.48^Aa	12.5±1.52^Cb	6.85±0.39^Ba	21.7±0.18^Ca
	碱蓬	11.8±1.41^Aa	22.6±1.71^Ab	7.70±0.11^Aa	44.2±0.63^Aa
	芦苇	11.3±3.90^Aa	15.8±1.67^Ba	7.05±0.07^Ba	46.5±0.33^Aa
	光滩	6.25±0.83^Ba	18.6±1.62^Bb	7.15±0.11^Ba	25.4±0.25^Ca
30-50	油井	7.25±0.83^Ba	20.2±2.14^Aa	7.08±0.10^Ba	29.9±1.32^Ba
	农耕	14.3±1.22^Aa	15.0±2.44^Ba	6.95±0.54^Ba	22.7±1.09^Ca
	碱蓬	13.3±1.48^Ab	26.1±2.48^Aa	7.95±0.11^Aa	43.8±0.30^Aa
	芦苇	13.0±4.60^Aa	18.0±1.55^Ba	7.18±0.17^Ba	40.0±0.24^Ab
	光滩	7.00±1.22^Ba	21.6±3.68^Aa	7.28±0.15^Ba	24.3±0.92^Ca

土层/ cm	覆盖类型	含水率/%	总可溶性固体质量分数/ (g∙kg⁻¹)	pH	阳离子交换量/ (cmol∙kg⁻¹)
10-30	油井	6.25±1.48^Ba	16.1±3.43^Bb	6.95±0.27^Ba	30.3±0.04^Ba
	农耕	13.0±1.48^Aa	12.5±1.52^Cb	6.85±0.39^Ba	21.7±0.18^Ca
	碱蓬	11.8±1.41^Aa	22.6±1.71^Ab	7.70±0.11^Aa	44.2±0.63^Aa
	芦苇	11.3±3.90^Aa	15.8±1.67^Ba	7.05±0.07^Ba	46.5±0.33^Aa
	光滩	6.25±0.83^Ba	18.6±1.62^Bb	7.15±0.11^Ba	25.4±0.25^Ca
30-50	油井	7.25±0.83^Ba	20.2±2.14^Aa	7.08±0.10^Ba	29.9±1.32^Ba
	农耕	14.3±1.22^Aa	15.0±2.44^Ba	6.95±0.54^Ba	22.7±1.09^Ca
	碱蓬	13.3±1.48^Ab	26.1±2.48^Aa	7.95±0.11^Aa	43.8±0.30^Aa
	芦苇	13.0±4.60^Aa	18.0±1.55^Ba	7.18±0.17^Ba	40.0±0.24^Ab
	光滩	7.00±1.22^Ba	21.6±3.68^Aa	7.28±0.15^Ba	24.3±0.92^Ca

土层/ cm	覆盖类型	LFOC	HFOC	DOC	EOC	SOC
10-30	油井	3.67±1.20^Ba	32.5±3.39^Ba	0.21±0.02^Ca	2.89±0.26^Aa	36.2±2.99^Ba
	农耕	3.37±0.52^Ba	25.2±1.68^Ca	0.16±0.02^Ca	3.18±0.09^Aa	31.6±1.23^Ca
	碱蓬	1.14±0.38^Ba	49.5±3.48^Aa	0.31±0.02^Ba	3.00±0.66^Aa	50.6±1.47^Aa
	芦苇	28.0±24.4^Aa	24.6±20.4^Db	0.46±0.02^Aa	2.29±0.96^Aa	52.6±3.80^Aa
	光滩	3.03±2.65^Bb	25.2±3.45^Ca	0.16±0.01^Ca	2.26±0.10^Ab	28.2±7.05^Ca
30-50	油井	2.26±0.55^Ba	32.2±2.73^Ba	0.20±0.03^Ca	1.74±1.54^Aa	34.5±2.26^Ba
	农耕	2.12±0.60^Ba	24.4±1.43^Ba	0.14±0.01^Da	2.72±0.46^Aa	26.5±0.99^Ca
	碱蓬	1.08±0.12^Ba	47.1±4.29^Aa	0.28±0.02^Ba	2.22±0.36^Aa	48.2±1.46^Ab
	芦苇	6.73±7.30^Ab	39.2±8.90^Aa	0.43±0.03^Aa	1.65±1.40^Aa	45.9±4.23^Ab
	光滩	5.22±5.12^Aa	22.4±5.89^Ba	0.15±0.01^Da	2.68±0.95^Aa	27.6±1.79^Ca

土层/ cm	覆盖类型	LFOC	HFOC	DOC	EOC	SOC
10-30	油井	3.67±1.20^Ba	32.5±3.39^Ba	0.21±0.02^Ca	2.89±0.26^Aa	36.2±2.99^Ba
	农耕	3.37±0.52^Ba	25.2±1.68^Ca	0.16±0.02^Ca	3.18±0.09^Aa	31.6±1.23^Ca
	碱蓬	1.14±0.38^Ba	49.5±3.48^Aa	0.31±0.02^Ba	3.00±0.66^Aa	50.6±1.47^Aa
	芦苇	28.0±24.4^Aa	24.6±20.4^Db	0.46±0.02^Aa	2.29±0.96^Aa	52.6±3.80^Aa
	光滩	3.03±2.65^Bb	25.2±3.45^Ca	0.16±0.01^Ca	2.26±0.10^Ab	28.2±7.05^Ca
30-50	油井	2.26±0.55^Ba	32.2±2.73^Ba	0.20±0.03^Ca	1.74±1.54^Aa	34.5±2.26^Ba
	农耕	2.12±0.60^Ba	24.4±1.43^Ba	0.14±0.01^Da	2.72±0.46^Aa	26.5±0.99^Ca
	碱蓬	1.08±0.12^Ba	47.1±4.29^Aa	0.28±0.02^Ba	2.22±0.36^Aa	48.2±1.46^Ab
	芦苇	6.73±7.30^Ab	39.2±8.90^Aa	0.43±0.03^Aa	1.65±1.40^Aa	45.9±4.23^Ab
	光滩	5.22±5.12^Aa	22.4±5.89^Ba	0.15±0.01^Da	2.68±0.95^Aa	27.6±1.79^Ca

Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in Liao River Estuary Wetland and Their Influencing Factors

辽河口湿地土壤有机碳组分特征及其影响因素

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