生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 2251-2262.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.11.017

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

大气污染对中国居民社会经济行为影响的研究综述及问卷研究

武照亮(), 靳敏*()   

  1. 中国人民大学环境学院，北京 100872
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-14 出版日期:2022-11-18 发布日期:2022-12-22
  • 通讯作者: *靳敏（1967年生），女，教授，博士，主要从事环境政策与管理研究。E-mail: jinmin@ruc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:武照亮（1992年生），男，博士研究生，主要从事环境社会治理、环境政策与管理研究。E-mail: 2017101021@ruc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(20 & ZD092)

Review and Evidence of the Impacts of Air Pollution on Social Economic Behaviors of Chinese Residents

WU Zhaoliang(), JIN Min*()   

  1. School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
  • Received:2022-06-14 Online:2022-11-18 Published:2022-12-22

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摘要：

探究大气污染对居民社会经济行为的影响对全面反映大气环境质量改善的经济价值及科学评价大气污染防治政策效果具有重要意义。首先，通过检索2015-2022年的21篇相关文献，采用系统文献综述法分析了大气污染对居民社会经济行为的影响。其次，基于长沙市、石家庄市、南京市和济南市的实地调研数据，采用二元Logistic模型探究大气环境质量感知对居民社会经济行为的影响及作用路径。文献研究结果表明大气污染会促进人们购买和使用口罩与空气净化器、利用公共交通及降低出行次数、转变消费心理和行为决策以及进行人口迁移。问卷统计结果表明，大气污染越严重的城市，居民采取防护措施、转变出行模式、改变购物方式及产品以及更换工作和搬家的比例较高，且大气污染对空气质量评价较差的居民的影响程度更大；Logistic回归结果表明，在其他变量不变的情况下，认为空气质量较差的居民选择佩戴口罩、使用空气净化器、绿色出行、转变购物方式、关注绿色产品及搬家的概率比认为空气质量较好的居民分别高29.4%、27.8%、42.5%、49.5%、18.4%和60.6%；中介效应检验结果显示，在对佩戴口罩、绿色出行及关注绿色产品的影响中，身体和心理健康均存在部分中介效应；在对使用空气净化器及搬家的影响中，身体健康存在部分中介效应；在对转变购物方式的影响中，心理健康存在部分中介效应。未来研究中应加强大气环境质量对居民影响的定性和定量分析，并亟需更多的纵向跟踪和实验性探索，为研究大气污染对居民影响的作用机制以及全面反映大气环境质量改善的经济价值提供科学基础。

关键词: 大气污染, 中国居民, 健康, 社会经济行为, 系统文献综述, Logistic模型, 中介效应

Abstract:

Exploring the impacts of air pollution on residents’ social economic behaviors is of great significance to comprehensively reflect the economic value of air quality improvement and scientifically evaluate the effect of air pollution prevention and control policies. Firstly, the impacts were analyzed through a systematic review of 21 relevant research articles published from 2015 to 2022. Secondly, the binary logistic model was used to examine the impact and mechanism of air quality perception on residents’ social economic behaviors based on the field survey of Changsha, Shijiazhuang, Nanjing and Jinan. The literature review shows that air pollution will promote residents to purchase and use facemasks and air purifiers, facilitate public transportation and reduce trips, change consumption psychology and behavioral decisions, and facilitate population migration. The statistical results of the field survey show that the worse the air quality in the cities, the higher proportion of adopting defensive behaviors, changing commuting modes, transferring shopping methods and buying green products, changing jobs and moving. In addition, there will be a greater impact on the changes in socio-economic behaviors of residents who consider that the air quality is poor. The logistic regression results showed that, compared to those who considered air quality good, residents who considered air quality poor were 29.4%, 27.8%, 42.5%, 49.5%, 18.4% and 60.6% more likely to choose wearing facemasks, using air purifiers, green travelling, changing shopping methods, paying attention to green products and moving. The mediating effect test results showed that physical and mental health have partial mediating effects in the impacts on wearing facemasks, green travelling and paying attention to green products. In addition, physical and mental health have partial mediating effects in the impacts on the use of air purifiers and moving and on changing shopping methods, respectively. In the future, we should strengthen the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the impacts of air quality on residents, and more longitudinal tracking and experimental studies are urgently needed to provide a basis for exploring the mechanism of the impact of air pollution on residents and comprehensively reflecting the economic value of the improvement of air quality.

Key words: air pollution, Chinese residents, health, social economic behavior, systematic review, Logistic model, medicating effect

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