生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 2234-2241.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.11.015
收稿日期:
2022-07-20
出版日期:
2022-11-18
发布日期:
2022-12-22
通讯作者:
*杨洪杏(1986年生),女,讲师,博士,主要从事土壤微生物研究。E-mail: yanghx@ahstu.edu.cn作者简介:
周椿富(1996年生),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤微生物研究。
基金资助:
ZHOU Chunfu, YU Rui, WANG Xiang, CHUANG Shaochuang, YANG Hongxing*(), XIE Yue
Received:
2022-07-20
Online:
2022-11-18
Published:
2022-12-22
摘要:
农田土壤抗生素累积产生的生态风险已成为目前国内外研究的热点,土壤酶活性的变化对于研究抗生素影响下的农田土壤生态系统养分循环,具有重要的生态学意义。分别以酸性、中性和碱性农田土壤为研究对象,添加畜禽养殖业中常用的3种抗生素--土霉素(Oxytetracycline,OTC)、恩诺沙星(Enrofloxacin,ENR)和磺胺二甲嘧啶(Sulfamethazine,SM2)进行处理,分析了土壤中脲酶、过氧化氢酶和磷酸酶对抗生素的敏感性。结果表明,在添加抗生素处理的0-28 d过程中,脲酶活性整体呈现抑制趋势,过氧化氢酶活性整体呈现促进趋势,磷酸酶活性随着添加抗生素的不同呈现不同的变化趋势。在28 d时,与对照组相比,脲酶活性在添加3种抗生素的酸性、中性土壤中及添加ENR与SM2的碱性土壤中均显著受到抑制,抑制率为38.03%-96.08%,而在添加OTC的碱性土壤中受到促进,促进率为28.43%;过氧化氢酶活性在添加3种抗生素的酸性土壤中及添加OTC与SM2的中性、碱性土壤中均受到促进,促进率为24.88%-268.25%,而在添加ENR的中性、碱性土壤中受到抑制,抑制率为18.42%和29.04%;磷酸酶活性在添加OTC的3种土壤中均受到促进,促进率为14.73%-101.26%,而在添加ENR的3种土壤中均无显著变化,在添加SM2的3种土壤中均受到抑制,抑制率为61.83%-70.54%。该研究表明抗生素对土壤酶活性影响复杂,尤其是对脲酶活性的抑制,减弱了土壤氮循环相关酶的代谢功能及其稳定性,进而影响土壤生态系统的功能稳定性。
中图分类号:
周椿富, 于锐, 王翔, 闯绍闯, 杨洪杏, 谢越. 抗生素对不同土壤中酶活性的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(11): 2234-2241.
ZHOU Chunfu, YU Rui, WANG Xiang, CHUANG Shaochuang, YANG Hongxing, XIE Yue. Effects of Antibiotics on Soil Enzyme Activities in Different Soils[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(11): 2234-2241.
组别 Test group | 供试土壤类型 Test soil | 抗生素 Antibiotic |
---|---|---|
CKAc | 酸性 | 0 |
OTCAc | 酸性 | 20 mg·kg-1 OTC |
ENRAc | 酸性 | 20 mg·kg-1 ENR |
SM2Ac | 酸性 | 150 mg·kg-1 SM2 |
CKNe | 中性 | 0 |
OTCNe | 中性 | 20 mg·kg-1 OTC |
ENRNe | 中性 | 20 mg·kg-1 ENR |
SM2Ne | 中性 | 150 mg·kg-1 SM2 |
CKAl | 碱性 | 0 |
OTCAl | 碱性 | 20 mg·kg-1 OTC |
ENRAl | 碱性 | 20 mg·kg-1 ENR |
SM2Al | 碱性 | 150 mg·kg-1 SM2 |
表1 不同土壤处理下的抗生素添加量
Table 1 Antibiotic addition under different soil treatments
组别 Test group | 供试土壤类型 Test soil | 抗生素 Antibiotic |
---|---|---|
CKAc | 酸性 | 0 |
OTCAc | 酸性 | 20 mg·kg-1 OTC |
ENRAc | 酸性 | 20 mg·kg-1 ENR |
SM2Ac | 酸性 | 150 mg·kg-1 SM2 |
CKNe | 中性 | 0 |
OTCNe | 中性 | 20 mg·kg-1 OTC |
ENRNe | 中性 | 20 mg·kg-1 ENR |
SM2Ne | 中性 | 150 mg·kg-1 SM2 |
CKAl | 碱性 | 0 |
OTCAl | 碱性 | 20 mg·kg-1 OTC |
ENRAl | 碱性 | 20 mg·kg-1 ENR |
SM2Al | 碱性 | 150 mg·kg-1 SM2 |
图1 抗生素对酸性土壤中酶活性的影响 CKAc:酸性土壤不添加抗生素;OTCAc:酸性土壤添加土霉素;ENRAc:酸性土壤添加恩诺沙星;SM2Ac:酸性土壤添加磺胺二甲嘧啶。柱上不同小写字母表示差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),下同
Figure 1 Effect of antibiotics on enzyme activity in acid soil CKAc: Acid soil without antibiotics; OTCAc: Acid soil supplemented with oxytetracycline; ENRAc: Acid soil supplemented with enrofloxacin; SM2Ac: Acid soil supplemented with sulfamethazine. Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate the significantly different at 5% level, the same as below
图2 抗生素对中性土壤中酶活性的影响 CKNe:中性土壤不添加抗生素;OTCNe:中性土壤添加土霉素;ENRNe:中性土壤添加恩诺沙星;SM2Ne:中性土壤添加磺胺二甲嘧啶
Figure 2 Effect of antibiotics on enzyme activity in neutral soil CKNe: Neutral soil without antibiotics; OTCNe: Neutral soil supplemented with oxytetracycline; ENRNe: Neutral soil supplemented with enrofloxacin; SM2Ne: Neutral soil supplemented with sulfamethazine
图3 抗生素对碱性土壤中酶活性的影响 CKAl:碱性土壤不添加抗生素;OTCAl:碱性土壤添加土霉素;ENRAl:碱性土壤添加恩诺沙星;SM2Al:碱性土壤添加磺胺二甲嘧啶
Figure 3 Effect of antibiotics on enzyme activity in alkaline soil CKAl: Alkaline soil without antibiotics; OTCAl: Alkaline soil supplemented with oxytetracycline; ENRAl: Alkaline soil supplemented with enrofloxacin; SM2Al: Alkaline soil supplemented with sulfamethazine
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