生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 2101-2110.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.11.001
• 研究论文 •
下一篇
收稿日期:
2022-07-04
出版日期:
2022-11-18
发布日期:
2022-12-22
作者简介:
曹云(1977年生),男,高级工程师,博士,主要从事生态服务功能、生态气候变化等研究。E-mail: caoyuncy@sohu.com
基金资助:
CAO Yun1(), SUN Yinglong1, JIANG Yueqing1, WAN Jun2
Received:
2022-07-04
Online:
2022-11-18
Published:
2022-12-22
摘要:
净生态系统初级生产力(Net Ecosystem Productivity,NEP)及影响因素的定量评估研究,有助于深入理解区域碳循环及其驱动机制。作为气候变化敏感区域,黄河流域净生态系统生产力的时空变化特征及其气候驱动因子的研究,对阐明中国北方陆地碳汇格局特征具有重要意义。因此,该研究基于NEP的估算模型,采用趋势分析、相关分析、聚类分析等分析方法,对2000-2020年黄河流域NEP时空演变特征及其驱动机制进行分析。结果表明,(1)黄河流域年均NEP为92.7 g·m-2,总体上表现为碳汇。在空间分布上,NEP呈现从西向东逐步递增的分布特征,并存在明显的空间聚集效应,高值和低值聚集区域分别占流域面积的32.6%、41.7%。(2)2000年以来黄河流域NEP总体呈增加趋势,平均每年增加4.7 g·m-2,其中有62.4%的地区NEP增加趋势达到显著水平,植被固碳能力提升明显。在不同分区中,黄河中游地区NEP增加速率最大,平均每年增加7.8 g·m-2;在不同植被类型中,常绿林NEP提升最为显著,具有显著增加趋势的面积占比最高,达到82.8%。(3)从未来变化特征看,黄河流域NEP的Hurst指数平均为0.74,未来变化趋势具有强可持续性特征。其中NEP呈显著增加趋势,且未来保持强持续性的区域面积占比达到56.2%,说明未来黄河流域大部地区固碳能力仍将保持提升趋势。(4)从气候相关分析看,流域NEP多与降水呈正相关性,与日照时数呈负相关性,而气温影响不显著。在关键气候因子的影响范围方面,降水影响面积最大,占比达到70%;日照时数次之(19.3%);气温影响范围最小(10.7%)。因此,降水是影响黄河流域NEP空间分布的最主要气候因子。
中图分类号:
曹云, 孙应龙, 姜月清, 万君. 黄河流域净生态系统生产力的时空分异特征及其驱动因子分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(11): 2101-2110.
CAO Yun, SUN Yinglong, JIANG Yueqing, WAN Jun. Analysis on Temporal-spatial Variations and Driving Factors of Net Ecosystem Productivity in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(11): 2101-2110.
图3 黄河流域NEP空间聚类分布特征 NS:不显著;HH:高高聚类;HL:高低聚类;LH:低高聚类;LL:低低聚类
Figure 3 Spatial agglomeration characteristics of NEP Anselin Local Moran’s I in the Yellow River Basin NS: Not significant; HH: High and high clustering; HL: High and low clustering; LH: Low and high clustering; LL: Low and low clustering
年份 Year | 高高聚集 HH/% | 高低聚集 HL/% | 低高聚集 LH/% | 低低聚集 LL/% | 不显著 NS/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 26.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 41.6 | 30.5 |
2005 | 29.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 42.5 | 27.1 |
2010 | 32.7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 41.6 | 24.6 |
2015 | 29.6 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 45.1 | 24.7 |
2020 | 32.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 43.4 | 23.6 |
2000-2020 | 32.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 41.7 | 24.9 |
表1 黄河流域不同空间集聚特征的面积百分比
Table 1 Statistics of area percentage with different spatial agglomeration characteristics in the Yellow River Basin
年份 Year | 高高聚集 HH/% | 高低聚集 HL/% | 低高聚集 LH/% | 低低聚集 LL/% | 不显著 NS/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 26.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 41.6 | 30.5 |
2005 | 29.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 42.5 | 27.1 |
2010 | 32.7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 41.6 | 24.6 |
2015 | 29.6 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 45.1 | 24.7 |
2020 | 32.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 43.4 | 23.6 |
2000-2020 | 32.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 41.7 | 24.9 |
图4 2000-2020年黄河流域NEP逐年变化特征(a)及其植被NEP年均值(b)
Figure 4 Inter-annual variations of NEP (a) and annual average NEP of different vegetation (b) in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020
图6 黄河流域不同分区(a)和不同植被类型(b)的NEP变化趋势的面积统计
Figure 6 The proportion of area of NEP trade for different basins (a) and different types (b) in the Yellow River Basin
图8 2000-2020年黄河流域NEP与降水(a)、气温(b)和日照时数(c)的相关性分析
Figure 8 Correlation between NEP and precipitation (a), temperature (b) and sunshine hours (c) in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020
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