生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 1919-1926.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.09.023

• 观点 • 上一篇    

基于碳中和的农业面源污染治理模式发展态势刍议

吴昊平1,2,3(), 秦红杰1,3, 贺斌2, 尤毅1, 陈金峰1, 邹春萍1, 杨思雨1, 郝贝贝2,*()   

  1. 1.广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所/广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室,广东 广州 510640
    2.广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所/华南土壤污染控制与修复国家地方联合工程研究中心/广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广东 广州 510650
    3.农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室,广东 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-08 出版日期:2022-09-18 发布日期:2022-11-07
  • 通讯作者: *郝贝贝（1985年生）,女,副研究员,博士,研究方向为面源污染防治与水环境修复。E-mail: bbhao@soil.gd.cn
  • 作者简介:吴昊平（1986年生）,男,助理研究员,博士,研究方向为湿地碳氮耦合循环、水生植物生态环境效应与水环境生态修复。E-mail: wuhaoping@gdaas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52000041);国家自然科学基金项目(41877510);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设);科技创新战略专项资金(R2021YJ-QG003);广东省科技计划项目(2020B1212060048);广东省农业科学院创新基金产业专项项目(202136);广东省农业科学院青年科技人员导师制(R2021QD-032);广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515011087)

A Brief Discussion on the Development Trend of the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control Model Based on Carbon Neutrality

WU Haoping1,2,3(), QIN Hongjie1,3, HE Bin2, YOU Yi1, CHEN Jinfeng1, ZOU Chunping1, YANG Siyu1, HAO Beibei2,*()   

  1. 1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization/Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
    2. National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management/Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
    3. Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
  • Received:2022-05-08 Online:2022-09-18 Published:2022-11-07

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摘要：

碳中和战略的提出是应对全球气候变化的必然要求,也是维护人类生存环境的内在需求。农业农村区域是温室气体的重要排放源,农业生产是流域水生态环境的主要面源污染源之一,农业面源污染治理与温室气体减排,是实现农业农村环境改善和碳中和战略目标的重要途径。然而,现有研究往往局限于农业环境温室气体减排或农业面源污染控制的单一层面,对两者的相互关系缺乏系统了解,导致传统的农业温室气体减排与面源污染控制模式相割裂,难以实现面源污染治理与碳中和目标共赢。如何权衡农业面源污染控制与温室气体减排之间的关系,共同推进农业面源污染治理与碳中和战略目标的达成,成为一个亟待解决的难题。通过梳理农业面源污染与温室气体排放的现状,阐述了面源污染与温室气体同源共生的关系;基于面源污染控制与温室气体减排殊途同归的关系,提出了去污减排与固碳增汇协同并举的治理思路;基于传统的农业面源污染控制和温室气体减排技术模式,结合新形势下的碳中和理念和技术,从模型优化、体系升级和新兴技术多层次多角度系统阐述了基于碳中和的农业面源污染治理模式发展态势,揭示了共同实现农业面源污染治理与碳中和战略目标的发展路径。该文整合了国内外相关研究成果和前沿热点报道,研究结果可以为中国新形势下的农业系统发展思路提供理论指导。

关键词: 碳中和, 农业面源污染, 温室气体, 碳源, 碳汇

Abstract:

The proposal of the carbon neutrality strategy is not only the inevitable requirement to deal with global climate changes but also the internal demand to maintain the living environment of humanity. Agricultural and rural areas are vital greenhouse gas emission sources, and agricultural production is one of the primary non-point pollution sources of the basin-based water ecological environment. Agricultural non-point source pollution control and greenhouse gas emission reduction are crucial ways to achieve agricultural and rural environment improvement and the strategic goal of carbon neutrality. However, the existing studies are often fettered by the single dimension of agriculture-environmental greenhouse gas emission reduction or agricultural non-point source pollution control, and the systematic understanding of the relationship between the two strategies is insufficient. As a result, the traditional agricultural greenhouse gas emission reduction is separated from the non-point source pollution control model, and it is difficult to achieve the win-win outcome between non-point source pollution control and the goal of carbon neutrality. How to balance the relationship between agricultural non-point source pollution control and greenhouse gas emission reduction and jointly promote the achievement of agricultural non-point source pollution control and the strategic goal of carbon neutrality have become pressing issues. By combing the status of agricultural non-point source pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, this paper sets forth the homologous and symbiotic relationship between non-point source pollution and greenhouse gases. Based on the assumption that non-point source pollution control and greenhouse gas emission reduction aim to reach the same goal through different means, this study puts forward the treatment concept of combining decontamination and emission reduction with the carbon sink. Anchored in the traditional agricultural non-point source pollution control and the greenhouse gas emission reduction technology model, and combined with the carbon neutrality concept and technology under the new situation, the study systematically expounds the development trend of the agricultural non-point source pollution control model based on carbon neutrality from the diverse perspectives such as model optimization, system upgrading and emerging technologies. At the same time, it reveals the development path to jointly accomplish agricultural non-point source pollution control and the strategic goal of carbon neutrality. This paper integrates the relevant research results and frontier hotspot reports at home and abroad, and the research conclusions can provide theoretical guidance for the development of China’ s agricultural system under the new situation.

Key words: carbon neutrality, agricultural non-point source pollution, greenhouse gas, carbon source, carbon sink

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