茶园土壤酸化改良中生物炭应用5 a后的稳定性研究

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.07.017

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 1442-1447.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.07.017

茶园土壤酸化改良中生物炭应用5 a后的稳定性研究

钱莲文¹(), 余甜甜¹, 梁旭军¹, 王义祥²^,^*(), 陈永山¹

1.泉州师范学院资源与环境学院,福建泉州 362000
2.福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所/福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室,福建福州 350013

收稿日期:2022-02-10 出版日期:2022-07-18 发布日期:2022-08-31
通讯作者: ^*王义祥（1978年生）,男,研究员,博士,研究方向为红壤保育与恢复生态。E-mail: sd_wolong@163.com
作者简介:钱莲文（1978年生）,女,教授,博士,研究方向为植物生理生态及土壤生态。E-mail: lianwenq@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42007107);福建省科技计划重点项目(2019N0015);福建省科技计划重点项目(2020R1021003);泉州市科技计划项目(2021N182S)

Stability of Biochar after Application for 5 Years in the Amendment of Acidified Tea Garden Soil

QIAN Lianwen¹(), YU Tiantian¹, LIANG Xujun¹, WANG Yixiang²^,^*(), CHEN Yongshan¹

1. School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, P. R. China
2. Institute of Agricultural Ecology, FAAS, Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Process of Red Soil Mountain, Fuzhou 350013, P. R. China

Received:2022-02-10 Online:2022-07-18 Published:2022-08-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

茶园土壤酸化已成为制约茶产业发展的一个重要因素,生物炭对土壤酸度改良显著,在茶园试验短期效果良好,但生物炭对酸性土壤改良的时效性及长期环境效应尚不清楚。该研究设置生物炭田间施入量分别为20、40 t∙hm^-2,探讨生物炭酸性茶园土壤改良效应,并对施入茶园土壤5 a后生物炭理化性质及微观结构进行表征。结果表明,生物炭施入量为20、40 t∙hm^-2的茶园土壤在5 a后pH分别提高了0.77和1.11个单位;施入茶园土壤5 a的生物炭,表面形貌发生了物理破碎和剥离现象,但整体孔道结构完整,比表面积减小,平均孔径增大;生物炭表面Na、S、Cl元素消失,Si元素含量增多,新增了Fe、Al元素,生物炭中H含量和N含量升高,因此生物炭可以通过降低土壤交换性铝和土壤交换性酸而改良土壤酸化;生物炭中木质素和纤维素的特征吸收峰消失,说明生物炭在老化过程中含氧官能团数量减少,芳香醚C-O键含量增多。茶园施入量分别为20、40 t∙hm^-2的生物炭5 a后理化性质及微观结构无显著差异。施入茶园5 a的生物炭结构稳定,具有持续改良酸性土壤的潜能。

关键词: 生物炭, 稳定性, 茶园, 土壤酸化, 理化性质, 微观结构

Abstract:

Soil acidification in tea gardens has become an important factor restricting the development of tea industry. Biochar has shown superior performance for short-term amelioration of acid soil in tea gardens, yet the temporal effectiveness and long-term environmental effects of biochar on acid soil improvement remain unclear. In this study, two different amounts (20 and 40 t∙hm^-2) of biochar were applied to study its performance in ameliorating acidified tea garden soil, and the changes of physicochemical properties and the microstructure of biochar were evaluated after 5 years of application. Results showed that the pH of tea garden soil increased by 0.77 and 1.11 units after 5 years, when biochar application rate was 20 and 40 t∙hm^-2. The surface morphology of biochar after aged for 5 years was physically broken and exfoliated, resulting in the decrease of specific surface area and increase of average pore size. However, the overall pore structure remained relatively unchanged. Surface Na, S and Cl disappeared in aged biochar, whereas the contents of Si, Fe, Al, H and N increased, suggesting that biochar can improve soil acidity by reducing exchangeable Al and soil exchangeable H⁺. Furthermore, the characteristic absorption peaks of lignin and cellulose in biochar disappeared, indicating that the number of oxygen-containing functional groups decreased and the content of aromatic ether C-O bond increased during the aging process of biochar. No significant differences in the changes of physicochemical properties and microstructure of aged biochar were observed between the two application rates. This study manifests that biochar is stable and has long-term effects on the amelioration of acidified tea garden soil.

Key words: biochar, stability, tea garden, soil acidification, physicochemical properties, microstructure

中图分类号:

X132
X53

钱莲文, 余甜甜, 梁旭军, 王义祥, 陈永山. 茶园土壤酸化改良中生物炭应用5 a后的稳定性研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(7): 1442-1447.

QIAN Lianwen, YU Tiantian, LIANG Xujun, WANG Yixiang, CHEN Yongshan. Stability of Biochar after Application for 5 Years in the Amendment of Acidified Tea Garden Soil[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(7): 1442-1447.

图/表 7

表1 施加生物炭5 a后茶园土壤pH值变化

Table 1 Soil pH changes in tea plantations after biochar application for 5 years

生物炭施加量 Amount of biochar/(t∙hm^-2)	pH
0	4.04b
20	4.81a
40	5.15a

图1 施入土壤5 a后生物炭表面形貌变化

Figure 1 Changes of surface morphology of biochar after 5 years of soil application

图2 施入土壤5 a后生物炭能谱变化

Figure 2 Energy spectrum changes of biochar after 5 years of soil application

表2 施入土壤5 a后生物炭表面元素变化

Table 2 Changes of surface elements of biochar after 5 years of application in soil

生物炭类型 Biochar type	C	O	Na	Mg	Si	S	Cl	K	Ca	Fe	Al
YB	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	N
1LB	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	N	N	Y	Y	Y	Y
2LB	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	N	N	Y	Y	Y	Y

表3 施入土壤5 a后生物炭元素组成变化

Table 3 Changes of biochar element composition after 5 years of soil application

生物炭 Biochar	元素组成 Ultimate composition (w/%)					原子比 Atomic ratio
生物炭 Biochar	C	H	N	S	O	O/C	C/N	H/C
YB	48.74a	1.26b	0.85b	0.18a	48.97a	1.00	57.34	0.03
1LB	47.95a	2.55a	1.38a	0.14a	47.98a	1.00	34.75	0.05
2LB	52.18a	2.43a	1.28a	0.13a	43.98a	0.84	40.77	0.05

图3 施入土壤5 a后生物炭傅里叶变换红外光谱变化图

Figure 3 Changes of FTIR spectra of biochar after 5 years of soil application

表4 施入土壤5 a后生物炭比表面积及孔径变化

Table 4 Changes in specific surface area and pore size of biochar after 5 years of soil application

生物炭 Biochar	比表面积 Specific surface area/(m²∙g^-1)	总孔容 Total pore volume/ (cm³∙g^-1)	微孔率 Microporosity/ %	介孔率 Mesoporous rate/%	平均孔径 Average pore size/ nm
YB	9.38a	0.02b	2.00a	94.25a	19.20b
1LB	6.36b	0.04a	2.30a	98.16a	28.87a
2LB	6.83b	0.05a	2.57a	99.39a	27.27a

参考文献 23

[1]	ABUJABHAH I S, DOYLE R B, BOUND S A, et al., 2018. Assessment of bacterial community composition, methanotrophic and nitrogen-cycling bacteria in three soils with different biochar application rates[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 18(1): 148-158. DOI URL
[2]	ALLER D M, ARCHONTOULIS S V, ZHANG W, et al., 2018. Long term biochar effects on corn yield, soil quality and profitability in the US Midwest[J]. Field Crop Research, 227: 30-40. DOI URL
[3]	BIESER J, THOMAS S C, 2019. Biochar and high-carbon wood ash effects on soil and vegetation in a boreal clearcut[J]. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 49(9): 1124-1134. DOI URL
[4]	BUSS W, BOGUSH A, IGNATYEV K, et al., 2020. Unlocking the fertilizer potential of waste-derived biochar[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 8(32): 12295-12303. DOI URL
[5]	CHEN W F, MENG J, HAN X R, et al., 2019. Past, present, and future of biochar[J]. Biochar, 1(1): 75-87. DOI URL
[6]	DAI Z, WANG Y, MUHAMMAD N, et al., 2014, The effects and mechanisms of soil acidity changes, following incorporation of biochars in three soils differing in initial pH[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 78(5): 1606-1614. DOI URL
[7]	EPSTEIN E, 1994, The anomaly of silicon in plant biology[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91(1): 11-17.
[8]	LIU L, YUAN M, WANG X R, et al., 2021. Biochar aging: Properties, mechanisms, and environmental benefits for adsorption of metolachlor in soil[J]. Environmental Technology and Innovation, DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2021.101841. DOI
[9]	WANG L W, O'CNOOOR D, RINKLEBE J, et al., 2020. Biochar Aging: mechanisms, physicochemical changes, assessment, and implications for field applications[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 54(23): 14797-14814. DOI URL
[10]	XIAO X, CHEN B L, ZHU L Z, 2014. Transformation, morphology and dissolution of silicon and carbon in rice straw-derived biochars under different pyrolytic temperatures[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 48(6): 3411-3419. DOI URL
[11]	XU Z B, XU X Y, TSANG D C W, et al., 2018. Contrasting impacts of pre-and post-application aging of biochar on the immobilization of Cd in contaminated soils[J]. Environmental Pollution, 242(Part B): 1362-1370.
[12]	YUAN J H, XU R K, HONG Z, 2011. The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures[J]. Bioresource Technology, 102(3): 3488-3497. DOI URL
[13]	YUAN J H, XU R K, WANG N, et al., 2011. Amendment of acid soils with crop residues and biochars[J]. Pedosphere, 21(3): 302-308. DOI URL
[14]	ZHANG X, QU J S, LI H, et al., 2020. Biochar addition combined with daily fertigation improves overall soil quality and enhances water-fertilizer productivity of cucumber in alkaline soils of a semi-arid region[J]. Geoderma, DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114170. DOI
[15]	迟杰, 丁铮, 孙宁, 2020. 一种从土壤中分离生物质炭的方法及其应用[P]. 中国: CN 110964582A, 2020-04-07.
	CHI J, DING Z, SUN N, 2020. A method for separation of biochar from soil and its application [P]. Chinese: CN 110964582A, 2020-04-07.
[16]	樊战辉, 唐小军, 郑丹, 等, 2020. 茶园土壤酸化成因及改良措施研究和展望[J]. 茶叶科学, 40(1): 15-25.
	FAN Z H, TANG X J, ZHENG D, et al., 2020. Study and prospect of soil acidification causes and improvement measures in tea plantation[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 40(1): 15-25.
[17]	林庆毅, 姜存仓, 张梦阳, 2017. 生物炭老化后理化性质及微观结构的表征[J]. 环境化学, 36(10): 2107-2114.
	LIN Q Y, JIANG C C, ZHANG M Y, 2017. Characterization of the physical and chemical structures of biochar under simulated aging condition[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 36(10): 2107-2114.
[18]	吕伟静, 陈冉, 马志婷, 等. 2021. 生物炭及改性生物炭对平邑甜茶幼苗生长及土壤的影响[J]. 植物生理学报, 57(3): 597-604.
	LÜ W J, CHEN R, MA Z T, et al., 2021. Effect of biochar and modified biochar on the Malus hupehensis seedlings and soil[J]. Plant Physiology Journal, 57(3): 597-604.
[19]	毛知耘, 1997. 肥料学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社:58.
	MAO Z Y, 1997. Fertilizer science[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Press:58.
[20]	宋玥言, 袁再健, 黄斌, 等, 2021. 生物炭对红壤团聚体吸附Cd的影响研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 30(12): 2402-2410.
	SONG Y Y, YUAN Z J, HUANG B, et al., 2021. Studies on the influence of biochar on the adsorption of Cd onto red soil aggregates[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 30(12): 2402-2410.
[21]	王海斌, 陈晓婷, 丁力, 等, 2018. 福建省安溪县茶园土壤酸化对茶树产量及品质的影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 136(6): 206-211.
	WANG H B, CHEN X T, DING L, et al., 2018. Effect of soil acidification on yield and quality of tea tree in tea plantations from Anxi county, Fujian Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 136(6): 206-211.
[22]	王义祥, 黄家庆, 叶菁, 等, 2020. 生物炭对酸化茶园土壤性状和细菌群落结构的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 26(11): 1967-1977.
	WANG Y X, HANG J Q, YE J, et al., 2020. Effects of different amount of biochar application on soil property and bacterial community structure in acidified tea garden[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 26(11): 1967-1977.
[23]	张倩茹, 冀琳宇, 高程程, 等, 2021. 改性生物炭的制备及其在环境修复中的应用[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 40(5): 913-925.
	ZHANG Q R, JI L Y, GAO C C, et al., 2021. Preparation of modified biochar and its application in environmental remediation[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 40(5): 913-925.

茶园土壤酸化改良中生物炭应用5 a后的稳定性研究

Stability of Biochar after Application for 5 Years in the Amendment of Acidified Tea Garden Soil

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 23

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李海鹏, 黄月华, 孙晓东, 曹启民, 符芳兴, 孙楚涵. 海南农田不同质地砖红壤及其细菌群落与番茄青枯病发生的关联分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(6): 1062-1069.
[2]	杜丹丹, 高瑞忠, 房丽晶, 谢龙梅. 旱区盐湖盆地土壤重金属空间变异及对土壤理化因子的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(6): 1123-1132.
[3]	周沁苑, 董全民, 王芳草, 刘玉祯, 冯斌, 杨晓霞, 俞旸, 张春平, 曹铨, 刘文亭. 放牧方式对高寒草地瑞香狼毒根际土壤团聚体及有机碳特征的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(4): 660-667.
[4]	赵维彬, 唐丽, 王松, 刘玲玲, 王树凤, 肖江, 陈光才. 两种生物炭对滨海盐碱土的改良效果[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(4): 678-686.
[5]	樊慧琳, 张佳敏, 李欢, 王艳玲. 坡耕地稻田剖面磷的储存格局与流失风险研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(2): 283-291.
[6]	游宏建, 张文文, 兰正芳, 马兰, 张宝娣, 穆晓坤, 李文慧, 曹云娥. 蚯蚓原位堆肥与生物炭对黄瓜根结线虫及根际微生物的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(1): 99-109.
[7]	李晓晖, 艾仙斌, 李亮, 王玺洋, 辛在军, 孙小艳. 新型改性稻壳生物炭材料对镉污染土壤钝化效果的研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(9): 1901-1908.
[8]	王礼霄, 刘晋仙, 柴宝峰. 华北亚高山土壤细菌群落及氮循环对退耕还草的响应[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(8): 1537-1546.
[9]	陶玲, 黄磊, 周怡蕾, 李中兴, 任珺. 污泥-凹凸棒石共热解生物炭对矿区土壤重金属生物有效性和环境风险的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(8): 1637-1646.
[10]	房献宝, 张智钧, 赖阳晴, 叶脉, 刁增辉. 新型污泥生物炭对土壤重金属Cr和Cd的修复研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(8): 1647-1656.
[11]	王磊, 温远光, 周晓果, 朱宏光, 孙冬婧. 尾巨桉与红锥混交对林下植被和土壤性质的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(7): 1340-1349.
[12]	龚玲玄, 王丽丽, 赵建宁, 刘红梅, 杨殿林, 张贵龙. 不同覆盖作物模式对茶园土壤理化性质及有机碳矿化的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(6): 1141-1150.
[13]	张慧琦, 李子忠, 秦艳. 玉米秸秆生物炭用量对砂土孔隙和持水性的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(6): 1272-1277.
[14]	颜明娟, 陈贤玉, 曹榕彬, 林诚, 吴一群, 黄丁一, 吴海玲, 陈子聪. 福建典型白茶产区茶园土壤锰锌形态特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(5): 885-895.
[15]	杨冲, 王春燕, 王文颖, 毛旭峰, 周华坤, 陈哲, 索南吉, 靳磊, 马华清. 青藏高原黄河源区高寒草地土壤营养特征变化及质量评价[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(5): 896-908.