不同化学结构外源碳添加对稻田土壤有机碳组分及碳排放的影响

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.06.004

生态环境学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 865-874.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2026.06.004

不同化学结构外源碳添加对稻田土壤有机碳组分及碳排放的影响

李梦¹^,²(), 韩亚峰¹^,²^,³^,^#*(), 胡艺宝¹^,², 姜梦晓¹^,², 张鑫¹^,²^,³, 高佳凯¹^,²^,³, 马任甜¹^,²^,³, 郑宾¹, 张烨⁴, 孙丽蓉¹^,², 郭大勇¹^,², 石兆勇¹^,²^,³, 王旭刚¹^,²^,³^,^*()

¹ 河南科技大学农学院，河南洛阳 471000
² 洛阳市植物营养与环境生态重点实验室，河南洛阳 471000
³ 洛阳市共生微生物与绿色发展重点实验室，河南洛阳 471000
⁴ 福建中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心，福建厦门 361021

收稿日期:2026-01-06 修回日期:2026-04-16 接受日期:2026-04-28 出版日期:2026-06-18 发布日期:2026-06-08
通讯作者: * 韩亚峰，E-mail: yfhan@haust.edu.cn; 王旭刚，E-mail: nywxg@haust.edu.cn
作者简介:李梦（2000年生），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤化学。E-mail: 230320170992stu.haust.edu.cn
^#共同第一作者：韩亚峰（1993年生），男，博士研究生，研究方向为土壤生物化学。E-mail: yfhan@haust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41601309);国家自然科学基金项目(U1904121);河南省科技攻关项目(252102321119);河南省科技攻关项目(252102111085);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(25A210018);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(26A210004);河南科技大学A类博士基金(13480115)

Effects of Exogenous Carbon with Distinct Chemical Structures on Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Emissions in Paddy Soils

LI Meng¹^,²(), HAN Yafeng¹^,²^,³^,^#*(), HU Yibao¹^,², JIANG Mengxiao¹^,², ZHANG Xin¹^,²^,³, GAO Jiakai¹^,²^,³, MA Rentian¹^,²^,³, ZHENG Bin¹, ZHANG Ye⁴, SUN Lirong¹^,², GUO Dayong¹^,², SHI Zhaoyong¹^,²^,³, WANG Xugang¹^,²^,³^,^*()

¹ College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, P. R. China
² Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang 471000, P. R. China
³ Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microbes and Green Development, Luoyang 471000, P. R. China
⁴ China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co. Ltd, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China

Received:2026-01-06 Revised:2026-04-16 Accepted:2026-04-28 Online:2026-06-18 Published:2026-06-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

外源有机碳添加虽能提升稻田固碳潜力，但其化学结构差异如何影响土壤碳排放与有机碳组分仍不清楚。该研究通过厌氧泥浆培养试验，比较非结构性碳源（葡萄糖、淀粉）和结构性碳源（纤维素）添加下稻田土壤二氧化碳（CO₂）、甲烷（CH₄）、活性（LOC）和惰性（ROC）有机碳、颗粒态（POC）和矿物结合态有机碳（MAOC）的变化。结果显示，外源添加葡萄糖、淀粉和纤维素处理的土壤有机碳（SOC）质量分数与对照组相比分别降低1.33%、无显著影响和增加3.24%。外源碳添加增加了69.71%－73.35% CO₂和105.17%－117.56% CH₄的累积排放量，但各处理无显著差异。LOC与SOC呈显著正相关（r=0.711，p=0.010），且与纤维素添加处理相比，其在葡萄糖和淀粉添加处理中的质量分数较低。ROC质量分数在外源碳添加处理间无显著差异，但葡萄糖和淀粉添加处理的w_(ROC)/w_(LOC)显著高于纤维素处理，证明非结构性碳源添加有助于SOC氧化稳定性的提升；葡萄糖和淀粉添加处理的MAOC质量分数显著低于纤维素添加处理，而可溶性有机碳和亚铁离子质量分数则呈现出相反趋势，证明非结构性碳源添加促使含铁（Ⅲ）矿物发生还原溶解，导致SOC的矿物保护作用减弱。以上结果反映了外源碳化学结构主要通过影响SOC氧化稳定性和矿物保护作用调控稻田有机碳库储量。

关键词: 稻田土壤, 外源碳化学结构, 土壤碳排放, 土壤有机碳稳定性, 矿物固碳

Abstract:

Although exogenous carbon input is known to enhance carbon sequestration potential in paddy soils, the mechanisms by which its chemical structure influences soil carbon emissions and organic carbon (SOC) fractions remain unclear. In this study, we conducted an anaerobic slurry incubation experiment to compare the effects of adding non-structural carbon sources (glucose, starch) versus a structural carbon source (cellulose) on CO₂ and CH₄ emissions, as well as on labile (LOC) and recalcitrant (ROC) organic carbon, particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC). Results showed that SOC content in soils treated with exogenously added glucose, starch, and cellulose decreased by 1.33%, showed no significant effect, and increased by 3.24%, respectively, compared with the control. While all exogenous carbon additions significantly increased cumulative CO₂ emissions by 69.71%-73.35% and CH₄ emissions by 105.17%-117.56%, there were no significant differences among the treatments. LOC was positively correlated with SOC (r=0.711, p=0.010) and was significantly lower in glucose and starch treatments than in the cellulose treatment. Although ROC content did not differ significantly among exogenous carbon treatments, the w_(ROC)/w_(LOC) ratio was significantly higher in glucose and starch treatments than in the cellulose treatment, indicating that non-structural carbon inputs enhance the oxidative stability of SOC. Conversely, MAOC content was significantly lower in glucose and starch treatments than in the cellulose treatment, while dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) concentrations showed opposite trends. This suggests that non-structural carbon inputs promote the reductive dissolution of Fe(Ⅲ) minerals, thereby weakening the mineral protection of SOC. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the chemical structure of exogenous carbon regulates paddy SOC stocks primarily by modulating SOC oxidative stability and mineral-mediated protection mechanisms.

Key words: paddy soil, chemical structure of exogenous carbon, soil carbon emissions, soil organic carbon stability, mineral-associated carbon sequestration

中图分类号:

S153
X144

李梦, 韩亚峰, 胡艺宝, 姜梦晓, 张鑫, 高佳凯, 马任甜, 郑宾, 张烨, 孙丽蓉, 郭大勇, 石兆勇, 王旭刚. 不同化学结构外源碳添加对稻田土壤有机碳组分及碳排放的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2026, 35(6): 865-874.

LI Meng, HAN Yafeng, HU Yibao, JIANG Mengxiao, ZHANG Xin, GAO Jiakai, MA Rentian, ZHENG Bin, ZHANG Ye, SUN Lirong, GUO Dayong, SHI Zhaoyong, WANG Xugang. Effects of Exogenous Carbon with Distinct Chemical Structures on Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Emissions in Paddy Soils[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2026, 35(6): 865-874.

图/表 7

表1 土壤基本理化性质

Table 1 Soil basic physical and chemical properties

参数	参数值
土壤有机碳质量分数/(g·kg⁻¹)	14.87±0.10
易氧化有机碳质量分数/(g·kg⁻¹)	3.23±0.18
颗粒态有机碳质量分数/(g·kg⁻¹)	5.92±0.09
矿物结合态有机碳质量分数/(g·kg⁻¹)	8.95±0.09
可溶性有机碳质量分数/(mg·kg⁻¹)	132.22±8.80
可溶性无机碳质量分数/(mg·kg⁻¹)	25.96±0.48
游离铁质量分数/(g·kg⁻¹)	10.24±0.67
无定形铁质量分数/(g·kg⁻¹)	2.20±0.17
络合铁质量分数/(g·kg⁻¹)	0.70±0.20

图1 不同处理的SOC、DOC和DIC质量分数 T、CK、G、S和C分别代表培养前、对照、葡萄糖、淀粉和纤维素添加处理；不同小写字母表示不同外源碳处理间差异显著（p<0.05）。下同

Figure 1 Mass fractions of SOC, DOC, and DIC under different treatment conditions

图2 不同处理的土壤铁离子和不同形态铁氧化物质量分数及相关参数

Figure 2 Mass fractions of iron ions and iron oxides in soil under different treatment conditions, and related parameters

图3 不同处理的土壤LOC和ROC质量分数及两者的比值

Figure 3 Mass fractions of LOC and ROC in soil under different treatment conditions, and the ratio of the two

图4 不同处理的土壤POC和MAOC质量分数及两者在SOC中占比

Figure 4 Mass fractions of POC and MAOC in soil under different treatment conditions, and their respective contributions to SOC

图5 不同处理的土壤CO2和CH4排放量的动态变化及累积量

Figure 5 Dynamic changes and cumulative amounts of CO2 and CH4 emissions from soil under different treatment conditions

图6 外源碳添加下土壤碳排放特征、有机碳碳组分与各参数指标的相关关系矩阵 *、**和***分别表示在0.05、0.01和0.001水平上差异显著

Figure 6 Correlation matrix of soil carbon emission characteristics, organic carbon components, and related parameters under exogenous carbon addition

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不同化学结构外源碳添加对稻田土壤有机碳组分及碳排放的影响

Effects of Exogenous Carbon with Distinct Chemical Structures on Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Emissions in Paddy Soils

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