UV-B辐射对水稻根际土壤活性有机碳转化和产甲烷潜力的影响

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.03.014

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 556-564.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.03.014

UV-B辐射对水稻根际土壤活性有机碳转化和产甲烷潜力的影响

贺晓佳(), 冯书华, 蒋明, 李明锐, 湛方栋, 李元, 何永美^*()

云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明 650201

收稿日期:2021-03-22 出版日期:2022-03-18 发布日期:2022-05-25
通讯作者: *何永美（1980年生）,女,教授,博士,主要从事紫外辐射生态研究。E-mail: heyongmei06@126.com
作者简介:贺晓佳（1997年生）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事紫外辐射生态研究。E-mail: 1974507515@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32060287);国家自然科学基金项目(31760113)

Effects of UV-B Radiation on Conversion of Active Organic Carbon and Methane Production Potential of Rice Rhizosphere Soil

HE Xiaojia(), FENG Shuhua, JIANG Ming, LI Mingrui, ZHAN Fangdong, LI Yuan, HE Yongmei^*()

College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, P. R. China

Received:2021-03-22 Online:2022-03-18 Published:2022-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨UV-B辐射对稻田土壤碳转化和温室气体排放的影响,采用元阳梯田稻田土并种植当地传统水稻（Oryza sativa L.）品种白脚老粳,开展室内根袋培养试验,研究UV-B辐射对水稻根际及非根际土壤有机酸与活性有机碳含量、酶活性和产甲烷潜力的影响。结果表明：（1）与自然光照相比,UV-B辐射导致水稻根际土壤草酸和琥珀酸含量显著增加,增幅分别为18.8%—43.2%和13.9%—48.7%,根际土壤苹果酸和酒石酸含量显著下降,最大降幅分别为50.1%和69.9%;（2）UV-B辐射使根际土壤多酚氧化酶活性提高,自然光和UV-B辐射条件下非根际土壤蔗糖酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性显著低于根际土壤;（3）UV-B辐射处理下水稻非根际土壤活性有机碳（溶解性有机碳、易氧化有机碳和微生物量碳）含量与根际相比显著降低,与自然光照相比,UV-B辐射使水稻根际微生物量碳和溶解性有机碳含量分别显著提高49.9%和55.7%,而CH₄排放量显著降低56%;（4）相关性分析发现,苹果酸与微生物量碳（r=0.791**,P<0.01）和可溶性有机碳（r=0.534*,P<0.05）呈显著正相关,过氧化氢酶与有机碳呈显著负相关,且可溶性有机碳（r= -0.907*,P<0.05）、易氧化有机碳（r= -0.884*,P<0.05）含量与甲烷排放通量呈显著负相关,微生物量碳（r= -0.930**）与甲烷排放通量呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）。UV-B辐射下,根际土壤有机酸含量、活性有机碳含量及碳转化酶活性均显著高于非根际土壤,水稻根际土壤甲烷排放通量显著低于自然光,可见,UV-B辐射通过水稻根际有机酸、稻田土壤碳转化酶活性改变有机碳含量,进而间接影响稻田温室气体排放。

关键词: UV-B辐射, 稻田土壤, 有机酸, 碳转化酶, 土壤活性有机碳, 甲烷排放通量

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of UV-B radiation on soil carbon conversion and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy soil. The rice paddy soil was sampled from Yuanyang terraced field and a local traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Baijiaolaojing was planted in an indoor rhizo-bag experiment. The effects of UV-B radiation on the contents of organic acid and activated organic carbon, enzyme activity and methane production potential of rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil were investigated. The results showed that: (1) Compared with natural light, UV-B radiation significantly increased the contents of oxalic acid and succinic acid in rice rhizosphere soil by 18.8%-43.2% and 13.9%-48.7%, respectively, and decreased the contents of malic acid and tartaric acid by 50.1% and 69.9%, respectively. (2) UV-B radiation increased the activity of polyphenol oxidase in rhizosphere soil, while the activity of sucrase and catalase in non-rhizosphere soil under natural light and UV-B irradiation was significantly lower than that in rhizosphere soil. (3) Under UV-B radiation, the content of active organic carbon (i.e., soluble organic carbon, readily oxidized organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon) in non-rhizosphere soil of rice was significantly lower than that in rhizosphere soil. Compared with natural light, UV-B radiation significantly increased rice rhizosphere microbial biomass carbon and dissolved organic carbon content by 49.9% and 55.7%, respectively, and the CH₄ emissions significantly decreased by 56%. (4) Correlation analyses showed that malic acid was significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass carbon (r=0.791^*, P<0.01) and soluble organic carbon (r=0.534^*, P<0.05); catalase was significantly negatively correlated with organic carbon; soluble organic carbon (r= -0.907^*, P<0.05) and readily oxidized organic carbon (r= -0.884^*, P<0.05) were significantly negatively correlated with methane emission flux; and microbial biomass carbon was significantly negatively correlated with methane emission flux (r= -0.930^**, P<0.01). With the treatment of UV-B radiation, the content of rhizosphere soil organic acids (i.e., oxalic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid), the activity of carbon invertase (i.e., polyphenol oxidase, sucrase, and catalase), and the content of active organic carbon (i.e., microbial biomass carbon, soluble organic carbon, and readily oxidized organic carbon) were significantly higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil. The methane emission flux of the rice rhizosphere soil under UV-B radiation was significantly lower than that under natural light, indicating that UV-B radiation changes the content of organic carbon through organic acids in rice rhizosphere and carbon invertase activities in paddy soil, and then indirectly affects greenhouse gas emissions in the paddy field.

Key words: UV-B radiation, paddy soil, organic acids, carbon invertase, soil active organic carbon, methane emission flux

中图分类号:

贺晓佳, 冯书华, 蒋明, 李明锐, 湛方栋, 李元, 何永美. UV-B辐射对水稻根际土壤活性有机碳转化和产甲烷潜力的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(3): 556-564.

HE Xiaojia, FENG Shuhua, JIANG Ming, LI Mingrui, ZHAN Fangdong, LI Yuan, HE Yongmei. Effects of UV-B Radiation on Conversion of Active Organic Carbon and Methane Production Potential of Rice Rhizosphere Soil[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(3): 556-564.

图/表 6

图1 UV-B辐射对水稻土壤根际与非根际低分子量有机酸含量的影响不同小写字母表示3个时期不同处理间差异显著（P<0.05）,*表示影响显著（P<0.05）,**表示影响极显著（P<0.01）,ns表示无显著影响,n=4。下同

Figure 1 Effects of UV-B Radiation on the Content of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids in rice Rhizosphere and non-Rhizosphere Soil Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments during the three period (P<0.05), * indicates significant effect (P<0.05), ** indicates extremely significant effect (P<0.01). ns indicate no effect, n=4. The same below

图2 UV-B辐射对水稻根际与非根际土壤碳转化酶活性的影响

Figure 2 Effects of UV-B Radiation on the Activities of Carbon Converting Enzymes in rice Rhizosphere and non-Rhizosphere Soil

图3 UV-B辐射对水稻根际与非根际土壤活性有机碳含量的影响

Figure 3 Effects of UV-B Radiation on Active Organic Carbon Content in rice Rhizosphere and non-Rhizosphere Soils

图4 UV-B辐射对水稻根际与非根际土壤产甲烷潜力的影响

Figure 4 Effects of UV-B radiation on the methanogenic potential in rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils

表1 有机酸含量与土壤活性有机碳含量和甲烷排放的相关性

Table 1 Correlation between organic acid content and soil active organic carbon content and methane emission

有机酸 Organic acid	甲烷排放通量 Methane emission flux	微生物量碳 Microbial biomass carbon	可溶性有机碳 Dissolved organic carbon
草酸 Oxalic acid	0.585*	0.249	0.403
苹果酸 Malic acid	0.535*	0.791**	0.534*
琥珀酸 Succinic acid	0.387	0.487	0.685**
酒石酸 Tartaric acid	0.304	0.550*	0.490

表2 甲烷排放通量与酶活性、土壤活性有机碳的相关性

Table 2 Correlation between methane emission and enzymatic active and soil active organic carbon content

指标 Target	多酚氧化酶 Polyhenol oxidase activity	蔗糖酶 Sucrose enzyme activity	过氧化氢酶 Catalase activity	微生物量碳 Microbial biomass carbon	可溶性有机碳 Dissolved organic carbon	易氧化有机碳 Labile organic carbon
甲烷排放通量 Methane emission flux	-0.930^**	0.872^*	0.988^**	-0.930^**	-0.907^*	-0.884^*
多酚氧化酶 Polyhenol oxidase activity	—	—	—	0.778	0.718	0.803
蔗糖酶 Sucrose enzyme activity	—	—	—	-0.863	-0.72	-0.589
过氧化氢酶 Catalase activity	—	—	—	-0.922^**	-0.860^*	-0.827^*

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UV-B辐射对水稻根际土壤活性有机碳转化和产甲烷潜力的影响

Effects of UV-B Radiation on Conversion of Active Organic Carbon and Methane Production Potential of Rice Rhizosphere Soil

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