增温和植物去除对青藏高原东部高寒灌丛土壤不同形态氮的影响

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.03.005

生态环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 470-477.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.03.005

增温和植物去除对青藏高原东部高寒灌丛土壤不同形态氮的影响

刘美¹(), 马志良²^,^*()

1.绵阳师范学院/生态安全与保护四川省重点实验室,四川绵阳 621000
2.西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充 637009

收稿日期:2021-09-01 出版日期:2022-03-18 发布日期:2022-05-25
通讯作者: *马志良（1988年生）,男,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为高寒灌丛土壤生态过程。E-mail: feng281@126.com
作者简介:刘美（1983年生）,女,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为高寒灌丛土壤生态过程。E-mail: xhliumei@126.com
基金资助:
西华师范大学基本科研业务费项目(19B036);绵阳师范学院科研启动项目(QD2021A37);绵阳师范学院生态安全与保护四川省重点实验室开放项目(ESP2102)

Effects of Warming and Plant Removal on Soil Nitrogen Contents in An Alpine Shrubland of Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

LIU Mei¹(), MA Zhiliang²^,^*()

1. Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Protection/Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, P. R. China
2. College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, P. R. China

Received:2021-09-01 Online:2022-03-18 Published:2022-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究青藏高原东部窄叶鲜卑花（Sibiraea angustata）高寒灌丛土壤不同形态氮含量对增温和植物去除的响应,以理解高寒灌丛土壤氮转化和植物氮素营养过程。结果表明,增温仅在生长季中期和末期使去除植物样方的土壤全氮和有机氮含量显著降低。同时,增温在去除植物样方使生长季末期土壤无机氮含量显著降低16.1%,使生长季初期土壤微生物生物量氮含量显著升高37.7%;在不去除植物样方,增温分别使生长季中期土壤无机氮和微生物生物量氮含量显著升高17.5%和122.1%,使生长季末期土壤无机氮含量显著降低21.8%。与去除植物相比,不去除植物处理在对照样方（不增温）分别使生长季中期土壤无机氮和微生物生物量氮含量以及生长季末期土壤全氮和有机氮含量显著降低29.3%、68.9%、11.6%和12.1%,分别使生长季末期土壤无机氮含量和生长季初期土壤微生物生物量氮含量显著升高18.7%和26.0%。而在增温样方,不去除植物处理分别使生长季中期土壤微生物生物量氮含量和生长季末期土壤无机氮含量显著升高49.2%和12.7%。以上结果表明,气候变暖和植物将显著改变青藏高原东部高寒灌丛生长季土壤不同形态氮含量,进而影响土壤氮转化和植物氮素营养过程。

关键词: 高寒灌丛, 增温, 去除植物, 不同形态氮, 土壤氮转化

Abstract:

To understand the soil nitrogen transformation and plant nitrogen nutrient processes of the alpine shrubland ecosystems, this study examined the responses of the content of soil nitrogen in different forms to warming and plant removal in a Sibiraea angustata shrubland of eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that in the removal-plant plots, warming significantly decreased soil total nitrogen and organic nitrogen contents during the mid- and late- growing seasons. At the same time, warming significantly decreased soil inorganic nitrogen by 16.1% during the late-growing season, but significantly increased soil microbial biomass nitrogen by 37.7% during the early growing season. In the unremoval-plant plots, warming significantly increased the content of soil inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen by 17.5% and 122.1%, respectively, during the mid-growing season, and decreased soil inorganic nitrogen content by 21.8% during the late-growing season. In the control plots (controlled temperature), unremoval-plant treatment significantly decreased soil inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen content by 29.3% and 68.9%, respectively, during the mid-growing season, and decreased soil total nitrogen and organic nitrogen by 11.6% and 12.1%, respectively, during the late-growing season, but significantly increased soil inorganic nitrogen content during the late-growing season and microbial biomass nitrogen content during the early-growing season by 18.7% and 26.0%, respectively. However, in the warming plots, unremoval-plant treatment significantly increased soil microbial biomass nitrogen content by 49.2% during the mid-growing season and inorganic nitrogen content by 12.7% during the late-growing season. These findings indicate that climate warming and plants will change soil nitrogen contents, and further affect soil nitrogen transformation and plant nitrogen nutrient processes during the growing season in these alpine shrub ecosystems in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: alpine shrub, warming, plant removal, different forms of nitrogen, soil nitrogen transformation

中图分类号:

刘美, 马志良. 增温和植物去除对青藏高原东部高寒灌丛土壤不同形态氮的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(3): 470-477.

LIU Mei, MA Zhiliang. Effects of Warming and Plant Removal on Soil Nitrogen Contents in An Alpine Shrubland of Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(3): 470-477.

图/表 7

图1 试验期间各处理下70 cm空气日平均温度（a）、5 cm土层土壤日平均温度（b）和5 cm土层土壤含水量（c）的季节动态 P0W0：去除植物+不增温;P0W1：去除植物+增温;P1W0：不去除植物+不增温;P1W1：不去除植物+增温。下同

Figure 1 Dynamics of daily mean air temperature at 70 cm above the ground (a), daily mean soil temperature in 0-5 cm soil layer (b) and soil moisture in 0-5 cm soil layer (c) relative to treatment P0W0: removal-plant+control; P0W1: removal-plant+ warming; P1W0: unremoval-plant+control; P1W1: unremoval- plant+warming. The same below

图2 不同处理下土壤全氮含量的季节动态不同小写字母表示同一取样时期不同处理之间差异显著（P<0.05）。下同

Figure 2 Seasonal dynamics of the soil total nitrogen content relative to treatment Different lower case letters indicated significant differences between the different treatments at 0.05 level. The same below

表1 增温、植物处理以及取样时间对土壤不同形态氮含量的重复测量方差分析结果

Table 1 ANOVA of the repeated measurements of different forms of soil N relative to treatment and sampling date

因子 Factor	D	D×P	D×W	D×P×W	P	W	P×W
全氮 Total nitrogen	0.019	0.043	0.116	0.551	0.018	<0.001	0.056
有机氮 Organic nitrogen	0.020	0.037	0.125	0.563	0.018	<0.001	0.058
无机氮 Inorganic nitrogen	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.002	0.605	0.122	0.208
微生物生物量氮 Microbial biomass nitrogen	<0.001	0.011	0.011	<0.001	0.020	0.004	0.050

表2 土壤氮含量与空气温度、土壤温度和土壤水分之间的回归分析

Table 2 Regression analysis of soil nitrogen contents with air temperature, soil temperature and soil moisture content

回归方程 Regression equation	R²
y_TN=7.114-0.214x_AT+0.216x_ST	0.207^*
y_ON=7.105-0.215x_AT+0.213x_ST	0.206^*
y_IN=9.432+0.850x_AT+2.396x_ST+1.185x_SM	0.355^**
y_MBN=1055.641+32.654x_AT-67.752x_ST-21.941x_SM	0.707^**

图3 不同处理下土壤有机氮含量的季节动态

Figure 3 Seasonal dynamics of the soil organic nitrogen content relative to treatment

图4 不同处理下土壤无机氮含量的季节动态

Figure 4 Seasonal dynamics of the soil inorganic nitrogen content relative to treatment

图5 不同处理下土壤微生物生物量氮含量的季节动态

Figure 5 Seasonal dynamics of the soil microbial biomass nitrogen content relative to treatment

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增温和植物去除对青藏高原东部高寒灌丛土壤不同形态氮的影响

Effects of Warming and Plant Removal on Soil Nitrogen Contents in An Alpine Shrubland of Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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