生态环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 1299-1309.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2021.06.022

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

吲哚乙酸和激动素配合施用提高蜈蚣草和龙葵对砷、镉富集的田间试验

丛超(), 杨宁柯, 王海娟, 王宏镔*()   

  1. 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院/云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-17 出版日期:2021-06-18 发布日期:2021-09-10
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: whb1974@126.com
  • 作者简介:丛超(1994年生),男,硕士,研究方向为污染土壤的生物修复。E-mail: 1013344180@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省重点研发计划项目(2018BC004-2)

Enhancing Arsenic and Cadmium Accumulation in Pteris vittata and Solanum nigrum by Combined Application of Indoleacetic Acid and Kinetin: A Field Experiment

CONG Chao(), YANG Ningke, WANG Haijuan, WANG Hongbin*()   

  1. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology/Yunnan Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
  • Received:2020-12-17 Online:2021-06-18 Published:2021-09-10

摘要:

植物激素可打破重金属超富集植物的种子休眠、促进发芽和快速生长,从而提高其富集重金属的效率。虽然人工合成的植物生长调节剂在促进超富集植物生长和提高重金属富集方面已取得很多成果,但大多是盆栽试验,大田试验甚少。文章在课题组前期室内盆栽试验筛选出的吲哚乙酸(IAA)和激动素(KT)提高砷(As)超富集植物蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata L.)砷提取效率的最佳配比(IAA?KT=25 mg∙L-1?20 mg∙L-1)基础上,在云南省个旧市大屯镇重金属污染农田分45个小区、喷施2次激素开展IAA和KT配合施用对As超富集植物蜈蚣草和镉(Cd)超富集植物龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)超富集As和Cd的影响和机理研究。结果表明,大田条件下IAA和KT配合施用能够促进2种超富集植物快速生长,在含Cd为3.12 mg∙kg-1、含砷As 98.7 mg∙kg-1的农田土壤上,与未施用植物激素的对照相比,25 mg∙L-1 IAA和20 mg∙L-1 KT配合施用后,龙葵和蜈蚣草的株高、鲜物质量、地上部和地下部Cd/As含量、Cd/As转运系数和富集系数均显著增加,且龙葵对Cd、蜈蚣草对As的提取效率最高可分别达7.52%和6.06%。第2次喷施激素后,单加KT和激素配合施用条件下,龙葵和蜈蚣草间作时两种植物叶片过氧化物酶(POD)活性均显著增加。逐步回归分析结果表明,龙葵对As、蜈蚣草对Cd的提取效率均与叶片POD活性成显著正相关。因此,叶片保持较高的POD活性对两种超富集植物对Cd和As的提取具有重要意义。

关键词: 蜈蚣草, 龙葵, 砷(As), 镉(Cd), 吲哚乙酸, 激动素, 植物修复

Abstract:

Phytohormones can break the seed dormancy, and accelerate germination and growth of heavy metal hyperaccumulators, resulting in the increased efficiency of metal accumulation. Many studies have proved the promoting effects of the man-made plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the growth of hyperaccumulators and soil remediation efficiency by pot experiment. However, these obtained results probably are not available for the real field. Therefore, the optimal ratio (25 mg∙L-1?20 mg∙L-1) of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KT) for promoting arsenic (As) phytoextraction efficiency by an As hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. in our previous laboratory pot trial was used in 45 plots in farmland located at Datun Town, Gejiu City, Yunnan Province. The effect and mechanism of the application of indole acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KT) on As and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in P. vittata and a Cd hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. were studied by two times of PGRs application. The results showed that the combined application of IAA and KT could promote the rapid growth of two hyperaccumulators. For the soil containing 3.12 mg∙kg-1 Cd and 98.7 mg∙kg-1 As, the height, fresh matter, Cd/As concentration in aboveground and underground parts, as well as Cd/As translocation and bioconcentration factors, significantly increased compared with the control. The Cd and As extraction efficiency by P. vittata and S. nigrum was the highest, up to 7.52% and 6.06%, respectively. After the second PGRs application, the peroxidase activity of S. nigrum and P. vittata significantly increased by KT or two PGRs combination under the intercropping conditions. The stepwise analysis showed a positive relationship between the Cd extraction efficiency by S. nigrum as well as the As extraction efficiency by P. vittata and the leaf POD activity. Therefore, a higher POD activity contributed to the Cd and As phytoextraction by two plants.

Key words: Pteris vittata L., Solanum nigrum L., arsenic, cadmium, indole acetic acid, kinetin, phytoremediation

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