Soil Heavy Metal Enrichment Characteristics, Risk Assessment, and Source Analysis in Redevelopment Areas during Urban Industrial Plots

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.05.012

Ecology and Environment ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 791-801.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2024.05.012

• Research Article [Environmental Science] • Previous Articles Next Articles

Soil Heavy Metal Enrichment Characteristics, Risk Assessment, and Source Analysis in Redevelopment Areas during Urban Industrial Plots

WU Wenwei¹^,²(), SHEN Cheng¹^,²^,^*(), SHA Chenyan², LIN Kuangfei¹^,^*(), WU Jian², XIE Yuqing¹^,², ZHOU Xuan¹^,²

1. State Key Laboratory for Environmental Protection Environmental Risk Assessment and Control of Chemical Processes/School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 2002371, P. R. China
2. Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, P. R. China

Received:2024-01-30 Online:2024-05-18 Published:2024-06-27

城市工业地块土壤重金属污染风险评价与源解析

吴文伟¹^,²(), 沈城¹^,²^,^*(), 沙晨燕², 林匡飞¹^,^*(), 吴健², 谢雨晴¹^,², 周璇¹^,²

1.华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院/国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室，上海 2002371
2.上海市环境科学研究院，上海 200233

通讯作者: * 沈城，E-mail: shencheng@saes.sh.cn;林匡飞，E-mail: kflin@ecust.edu.cn
作者简介:吴文伟（1997年生），男，硕士研究生，从事土壤生态修复和风险评价。E-mail: 19117160929@163.com
基金资助:
上海市生态环境局重大科研项目(沪环科[2019]第22号);上海市生态环境局重大科研项目(沪环科[2020]第7号);上海市环境科学研究院创新基金项目(CX2021110334);上海市科委重大科研项目(19DZ1203404)

Abstract

Abstract:

The research area selected is Jinshan District, Shanghai. Based on 168 soil samples from 25 different depth profiles of redevelopment sites within the study area, the concentrations of heavy metals cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) were determined and analyzed. The characteristics of heavy metal pollution were assessed using the Geoaccumulation Index, Nemerow Comprehensive Pollution Index, and Potential Ecological Risk Index. Additionally, the pollution sources were analyzed utilizing geostatistics, correlation analysis, and Absolute Principal Component Scores-Multiple Linear Regression (APCS-MLR) model. Results indicate that, except for As, the concentrations of other heavy metals in the soil exceeded the background values of Shanghai. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Hg in the surface soil were 2.15, 1.61, 2.20, 2.02, and 1.30 times higher than the background values, respectively. The concentrations of these six heavy metals gradually decreased with increasing soil depth, indicating a certain degree of enrichment in the surface soil due to human activities. Spatial interpolation reveals that high values of Cd, Cu, and Ni were concentrated in the northwest, while high values of Pb and Hg were concentrated in the central part of the study area, with As distributed evenly. The Geoaccumulation Index showed the order of accumulation as Ni (0.37)>Cu (0.36)>Cd (0.29)>Pb (0.11)>Hg (−0.62)>As (−0.85). The Nemerow Comprehensive Pollution Index indicated mild pollution with a value of 1.95. The results of the Potential Ecological Risk Index show that the comprehensive potential ecological risk index (R) in the study area ranged from 50.60 to 271.50, with an average of 153.00, indicating a moderate ecological risk overall. Correlation analysis and the APCS-MLR model identified three main sources of heavy metals in the soil of the study area: Source 1 (Cd, Cu, and Ni) was attributed to metal product sources, Source 2 (Hg and Pb) to chemical raw materials and chemical product sources, and Source 3 (As) to a mixed source mainly from natural origins. This study provides a relatively comprehensive evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution in the redevelopment sites of Jinshan District, Shanghai. It aims to provide evidence-based support for the prevention, control, and remediation of soil heavy metal pollution during the urban renewal process.

Key words: urban industrial zone, soil heavy metals, distribution characteristics, risk assessment, source analysis

摘要：

选择上海市金山区为研究区域，基于研究区内25个再开发利用行业地块168个不同深度剖面的土壤样品，测定分析了重金属镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）、汞（Hg）、砷（As）含量，采用地累积指数、内梅罗综合污染指数和潜在生态风险指数对重金属污染特征进行分析和评价，利用地统计学、相关性分析、绝对主成分－多元线性回归（APCS-MLR）模型解析其污染来源。结果表明，研究区土壤中除As外，其余重金属均不同程度超过上海市土壤背景值，表层土壤中Cd、Pb、Cu、Ni和Hg含量分别为背景值的2.15、1.61、2.20、2.02和1.30倍，6种重金属含量随着土壤深度的增加逐渐降低，重金属在表层土壤中存在一定程度的富集，人类活动扰动主要集中在表层。空间插值结果表明Cd、Cu、Ni高值区主要集中在研究区西北侧，Pb和Hg高值区集中在研究区中部，As元素分布均匀。地累积指数表现为Ni (0.37)>Cu (0.36)>Cd (0.29)>Pb (0.11)>Hg (−0.62)>As (−0.85)；内梅罗综合污染指数为1.95，表现为轻度污染；潜在生态风险指数结果显示，研究区综合潜在生态风险指数R值在50.60－271.50，均值为153.00，整体呈现中等生态风险。相关性分析和APCS-MLR模型识别出研究区域土壤重金属主要有3个来源，源1（Cd、Cu和Ni）为金属制品源，源2（Hg和Pb）为化学原料和化学制品源，源3为（As）自然源为主的混合源。该研究对上海市金山区再开发利用场地土壤重金属污染情况进行相对全面的评价，以期为城市更新过程中土壤重金属污染防控和修复提供相应的证据支撑。

关键词: 城市工业区, 土壤重金属, 分布特征, 风险评价, 来源解析

CLC Number:

X52
X820.4

WU Wenwei, SHEN Cheng, SHA Chenyan, LIN Kuangfei, WU Jian, XIE Yuqing, ZHOU Xuan. Soil Heavy Metal Enrichment Characteristics, Risk Assessment, and Source Analysis in Redevelopment Areas during Urban Industrial Plots[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(5): 791-801.

吴文伟, 沈城, 沙晨燕, 林匡飞, 吴健, 谢雨晴, 周璇. 城市工业地块土壤重金属污染风险评价与源解析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2024, 33(5): 791-801.

Figures/Tables 14

References 50

[1]	HAKANSON L, 1980. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.a sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research, 14(8): 975-1001.
[2]	MULLER G, 1969. Index of Geoaccumulation in Sediments of the Rhine River[J]. GeoJournal, 2(3): 109-18.
[3]	ROBINSON B, 2009. E-waste: An assessment of global production and environmental impacts[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 408(2): 183-191.
[4]	WANG S F, FENG X B, QIU G L, et al., 2007. Mercury concentrations and air/soil fluxes in Wuchuan mercury mining district, Guizhou province, China[J]. Atmospheric environment, 41(28): 5984-5993.
[5]	WEI M C, PAN A F, MA R Y, et al., 2023. Distribution characteristics, source analysis and health risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soil in Shiquan County, Shaanxi Province[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 171: 225-237.
[6]	YU L, ZHENG T Y, YUAN R Y, et al., 2022. APCS-MLR model: A convenient and fast method for quantitative identification of nitrate pollution sources in groundwater[J]. Journal of environmental management, 314(2): 115101.
[7]	ZHANG T, WANG M G, BAI G L, et al., 2023. Distribution characteristics, risk assessment, and source analysis of heavy metals in surface sediments and near-lakeshore soils of a plateau lake in China[J]. Gondwana Research, 115: 191-200.
[8]	ZHAO Y F, SHI X Z, HUANG B et al., 2007. Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of an Industry-Based Peri-Urban Area in Wuxi, China[J]. Pedosphere, 17(1): 44-51.
[9]	蔡立梅, 马瑾, 周永章, 等, 2008. 东莞市农业土壤重金属的空间分布特征及来源解析[J]. 环境科学, 29(12): 3496-3502.
	CAI L M, MA J, ZHOU Y Z, et al., 2008. Multivariate geostatistics and gis-based approach to study the spatial distribution and sources of heavy metals in agricultural soil in the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Environmental Science, 29(12): 3496-3502.
[10]	陈江军, 刘波, 蔡烈刚, 等, 2018. 基于多种方法的土壤重金属污染风险评价对比——以江汉平原典型场区为例[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 45(6): 164-172.
	CHEN J J, LIU B, CAI L G, et al., 2018. Comparison of risk assessment based on the various methods of heavy metals in soil: A case study for the typical field areas in the Jianghan Plain[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 45(6): 164-172.
[11]	陈航, 王颖, 王澍, 2022. 铜山矿区周边农田土壤重金属来源解析及污染评价[J]. 环境科学, 43(5): 2719-2731.
	CHEN H, WANG Y, WANG S, 2022. Source analysis and pollution assessment of heavy metals in farmland soil around Tongshan Mining Area[J]. Environmental Science, 43(5): 2719-2731.
[12]	邓霞, 孙慧兰, 杨余辉, 等, 2020. 伊宁市土壤中重金属污染评价及来源解析研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 42(2): 223-226, 237.
	DENG X, SUN H L, YANG Y H, et al., 2020. Pollution assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals in Yining City soil[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 42(2): 223-226, 237.
[13]	范凯琳, 2024. 基于公园城市的城市更新策略研究——以成都市锦江区华兴街街区综合更新项目为例[J]. 智能建筑与智慧城市 (2): 63-65.
	FAN K L, 2024. Research on urban renewal strategy based on Park city: A case study of Huaxing Street comprehensive renewal project in Jinjiang District, Chengdu[J]. Intelligent Building & Smart City (2): 63-65.
[14]	付传城, 王文勇, 潘剑君, 等, 2014. 城乡结合带土壤重金属时空变异特征与源解析——以南京市柘塘镇为例[J]. 土壤学报, 51(5): 1066-1077.
	FU C C, WANG W Y, PAN J J, et al., 2014. Spatial-Temporal variation and source apportionmnet of soil heavy metals in peri-urban area: A case study of Zhengtang town, NanJing[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 51(5): 1066-1077.
[15]	郭程程, 张军方, 余志, 等, 2018. 汞的土壤地球化学及其环境效应[J]. 环保科技, 24(4): 40-46.
	GUO C C, ZHANG J F, YU Z, et al., 2018. Pedogeochemistry of mercury and its environmental effects[J]. Environmental Protection and Technology, 24(4): 40-46.
[16]	郭晗, 孙英君, 王绪璐, 等, 2022. 县域城市土壤重金属空间分布特征及来源解析[J]. 环境科学学报, 42(1): 287-297.
	GUO H, SUN Y J, WANG X L, et al., 2022. Spatial distribution characteristics and source analysis of soil heavy metals in county-level city[J]. Environmental Science, 42(1): 287-297.
[17]	何博, 赵慧, 王铁宇, 等, 2019. 典型城市化区域土壤重金属污染的空间特征与风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 40(6): 2869-2876.
	HE B, ZHAN H, WANG T Y, et al., 2019. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in soils from a typical urbanized area[J]. Environmental Science, 40(6): 2869-2876.
[18]	蒋炜玮, 谢丹平, 陈晓燕, 等, 2023. 电子废弃物拆解园区重金属排放特征和周边土壤重金属污染来源解析及风险评价[J]. 环境监控与预警, 15(1): 9-15.
	JIANG W W, XIE D P, CHEN X Y, et al., 2023. Heavy metal emission characteristics of waste gas from E-waste dismantling region and source analysis and risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in surrounding soil[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning, 15(1): 9-15.
[19]	雷国建, 刘千钧, 陈志良, 等, 2013. 不同行业污染土壤重金属污染特征比较研究[J]. 土壤, 45(6): 1023-1027.
	LEI G J, LIU Q J, CHEN Z L, et al., 2013. Comparative study on characters of soil heavy metal pollution in different industries[J]. Soli, 45(6): 1023-1027.
[20]	李焯光, 2015. 电镀废气治理[J]. 科技风 (14): 26.
	LI C G, 2015. Electroplating waste gas treatment[J]. Science and Technology Style (14): 26.
[21]	李婧, 李素艳, 孙向阳, 等, 2019. 北京市朝阳区 (五环内) 绿地土壤重金属分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 水土保持研究, 26(3): 311-317.
	LI J, LI S Y, SUN X Y, et al., 2019. Characteristics of distribution of soil heavy metals in Wuhuan, Chaoyang Disturict, Beijing[J]. Research of Soil and Water Consetvation, 26(3): 311-317.
[22]	李娇, 吴劲, 蒋进元, 等, 2018. 近十年土壤污染物源解析研究综述[J]. 土壤通报, 49(1): 232-242.
	LI J, WU J, JIANG J Y, et al., 2018. Review on source apportionment of soil pollutants in recent ten years[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 49(1): 232-242.
[23]	李梦飞, 2023. 河南某钢铁冶炼厂土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析[J]. 化工管理 (27): 67-72.
	LI M F, 2023. Pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in soil of a typical lron and steel smelter in Henan[J]. Chemical Engineering Management (27): 67-72.
[24]	李梦婷, 沈城, 吴健, 等, 2021. 快速城市化区域不同用地类型土壤重金属含量分布特征及生态风险[J]. 环境科学, 42(10): 4889-4896.
	LI M T, SHEN C, WU J, et al., 2021. Content characteristics and ecological risks of heavy metals in the soil of different land uses in rapid urbanization area[J]. Environmental Science, 42(10): 4889-4896.
[25]	李一蒙, 马建华, 刘德新, 等, 2015. 开封城市土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 36(3): 1037-1044.
	LI Y M, MA J H, LIU D X, et al., 2015. Assessment of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks of urban soils in kaifeng city, China[J]. Environmental Science, 36(3): 1037-1044.
[26]	李振, 2023. 电镀废水中的重金属污染与处理[J]. 黑龙江环境通报, 36(3): 145-47.
	LI Z, 2023. Pollution and treatment of heavy metals in electroplating wastewater[J]. Heilongjiang Environmental Bulletin, 36(3): 145-47.
[27]	刘楠, 唐莹影, 陈盟, 等, 2023. 基于APCS-MLR和PMF的铅锌矿流域土壤重金属来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 43(4): 1267-1276.
	LIU N, TANG Y Y, CHEN M, et al., 2023. Source apportionment of soil heavy metals in lead-zinc area based on APCS-MLR and PMF[J]. China Environmental Science, 43(4): 1267-1276.
[28]	刘万亮, 胡元平, 丁余辉, 等, 2022. 长江沿岸带某工业园区土壤重金属空间分布特征及来源浅析[J]. 资源环境与工程, 36(4): 427-433. DOI
	LIU W L, HU Y P, DING Y H, et al., 2022. Spatial distribution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in soil of an industrial park on the Yangtze river coastal zone[J]. Resources Environment & Engineering, 36(4): 427-433.
[29]	柳云龙, 章立佳, 韩晓非, 等, 2012. 上海城市样带土壤重金属空间变异特征及污染评价[J]. 环境科学, 33(2): 599-605.
	LIU Y L, ZHANG L J, HAN X F, et al., 2012. Spatial variability and evaluation of soil heavy metal contamination in the urban-transect of Shanghai[J]. Environmental Science, 33(2): 599-605.
[30]	吕占禄, 张金良, 张晗, 等, 2020. 生物质能电厂周边土壤中重金属元素污染特征及评价[J]. 环境化学, 39(12): 3480-3494.
	LÜ Z L, ZHANG J L, ZHANG H, et al., 2020. Pollution characteristics and evaluation of heavy metal pollution in surface soil around the biomass power plant[J]. Environmental Science. Environmental Chemistry, 39(12): 3480-3494.
[31]	孟飞, 刘敏, 史同广, 2008. 上海农田土壤重金属的环境质量评价[J]. 环境科学, 29(2): 2428-2433.
	MENG F, LIU M, SHI T G, 2008. Evaluation on environmental quality of heavy metals in agricultural soils of Shanghai[J]. Environmental Science, 29(2): 2428-2433.
[32]	倪小东, 2018. 电镀行业环境影响分析[J]. 绿色科技 (16): 95-96.
	NI X D, 2018. Environmental impact analysis of electroplating industry[J]. Green Technology (16): 95-96.
[33]	沈城, 刘馥雯, 吴健, 等, 2020. 再开发利用工业场地土壤重金属含量分布及生态风险[J]. 环境科学, 41(11): 5125-5132.
	SHEN C, LIU F W, WU J, et al., 2020. Distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in the soil of redevelopment industrial sites[J]. Environmental Science, 41(11): 5125-5132.
[34]	沈城, 叶文娟, 钱诗颖, 等, 2022. 典型城市土壤中重金属锑 (Sb) 的含量分布特征及风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 43(9): 4791-4799.
	SHEN C, YE W J, QIAN S Y, et al., 2022. Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of antimony in typical urban soil[J]. Environmental Science, 43(9): 4791-4799.
[35]	生态环境部, 2019. 建设用地土壤污染风险管控和修复监测技术导则: HJ 25.2—2019[S]. 北京: 中国环境出版集团:2-15.
	MINISTRY OF ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT, 2019, Technical guidelines for monitoring during risk control and remediation of soil contamination of land for construction: HJ 25.2—2019[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press:2-15.
[36]	他维媛, 周书宇, 金盛华, 等, 2023. 商洛市尾矿区土壤重金属污染评价及来源分析[J]. 环境污染与防治, 45(5): 687-693, 699.
	TA W Y, ZHOU S Y, JIN S H, et al., 2023. Evaluation and source analysis of heavy metal pollution in soils of tailing areas in Shangluo City[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 45(5): 687-693, 699.
[37]	万梦雪, 焦文涛, 胡文友, 等, 2023. 城市工业区土壤重金属累积特征与来源解析——以上海市闵行区典型工业区为例[J]. 环境化学, 42(6): 1886-1898.
	WAN M X, JIAO W T, HU W Y, et al., 2023. Accumulation and source apportionment of heavy metals in urbanindustrial soils - A case study in Minhang District of Shanghai[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 42(6): 1886-1898.
[38]	王诚煜, 李玉超, 于成广, 等, 2021. 葫芦岛东北部土壤重金属分布特征及来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 41(11): 5227-5236.
	WANG C, LI Y C, YU C G, et al., 2021. Distribution characteristics and sources of soil heavy metals in soils in the area of northeastern Huludao City[J]. China Environmental Science, 41(11): 5227-5236.
[39]	王军, 陈振楼, 王初, 等, 2007. 上海崇明岛蔬菜地土壤重金属含量与生态风险预警评估[J]. 环境科学, 28(3): 647-653.
	WANG J, CHEN Z L, WANG C, et al., 2007. Heavy metal content and ecological risk warning assessment of vegetable soils in Chongming Island, Shanghai City[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 28(3): 647-653.
[40]	王美华, 2023. PCA-APCS-MLR和地统计学的典型农田土壤重金属来源解析[J]. 环境科学, 44(6): 3509-3519.
	WANG M H, 2023. Source analysis of heavy metals in typical farmland soils based on PCA-APCS-MLR and geostatistics[J]. Environmental Science, 44(6): 3509-3519.
[41]	韦壮绵, 陈华清, 张煜, 等, 2020. 湘南柿竹园东河流域农田土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价[J]. 环境化学, 39(10): 2753-2764.
	WEI Z M, CHEN H Q, ZHANG Y, et al., 2020. Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soils at Shizhuyuan Donghe River basin of Southern Hunan[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 39(10): 2753-2764.
[42]	吴健, 王敏, 张辉鹏, 等, 2018. 复垦工业场地土壤和周边河道沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险[J]. 环境科学, 39(12): 5620-5627.
	WU J, WANG M, ZHANG H P, et al., 2018. Heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risk of soil from reclaimed industrial sites and surrounding river sediments[J]. Environmental Science, 39(12): 5620-5627.
[43]	张传华, 王钟书, 刘力, 等, 2023. 基于APCS-MLR受体模型和地统计法的矿区周边农用地土壤重金属来源解析[J]. 环境科学, 44(6): 3500-3508.
	ZHANG C H, WANG Z S, LIU L, et al., 2023. Source analysis of soil heavy metals in agricultural land around the Mining area based on APCS-MLR receptor model and geostatistical method[J]. Environmental Science, 44(6): 3500-3508.
[44]	张淑珂, 孙国新, 姜杰, 2023. 白城市黑土区农田土壤重金属来源解析及积累评价[J]. 环境科学学报, 43(5): 409-420.
	ZHANG S K, SUN G X, JIANG J, 2023. Analysis of heavy metal sources and evaluation of accumulation in agricultural soils in the black soil area of Baicheng City[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 43(5): 409-420.
[45]	张笑辰, 刘煜, 张兴绘, 等, 2022. 江西省主要城市土壤重金属污染及风险评价[J]. 环境科学与技术, 45(8): 206-217.
	ZHANG X C, LIU Y, ZHANG X H, et al., 2022. Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment of top-soil in major cities of Jiangxi province[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 45(8): 206-217.
[46]	张昱, 胡君利, 白建峰, 等, 2017. 电子废弃物拆解区周边农田土壤重金属污染评价及成因解析[J]. 生态环境学报, 26(7): 1228-1234. DOI
	ZHANG Y, HU J L, BAI J F, et al., 2017. Contamination assessment and genesis analysis of heavy metals in farmland soils around a waste electrical and electronic equipments disassembling area[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 26(7): 1228-1234.
[47]	张义, 周心劝, 曾晓敏, 等, 2022. 长江经济带工业区土壤重金属污染特征与评价[J]. 环境科学, 43(2): 2062-2070.
	ZHANG Y, ZHOU X Q, ZHENG X M, et al., 2022. Characteristics and assessment of heavy metal contamination in soils of industrial regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt[J]. Environmental Science, 43(2): 2062-2070.
[48]	赵涛, 2015. 氯盐诱导汞污染土壤热脱附过程汞挥发性质的研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学.
	ZHAO T, 2015. Study on volatilization of mercury in chlorine-induced thermal desorption of mercury-contaminated soil[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology.
[49]	周永超, 孙慧兰, 陈学刚, 等, 2019. 绿洲城市伊宁市表层土壤重金属污染特征及其生态风险评价[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 33(2): 127-133.
	ZHOU Y C, SUN H L, CHEN X G, et al., 2019. Characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in sur-face soil of Yining in Oasis city[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 33(2): 127-133.
[50]	邹合萍, 戴争博, 严俊, 等, 2023. 浙北地区农用地和建设用地土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 环境生态学, 5(9): 1-10.
	ZOU H P, DAI Z B, YAN J, et al., 2023. Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment in agricultural land and construction land of northern Zhejiang[J]. Environmental Ecology, 5(9): 1-10.

级别	P_i	污染等级	P_m	污染等级
1	P_i ≤1.00	无污染	P_m≤0.70	清洁
2	1.00<P_i ≤2.00	轻度污染	0.70<P_m≤1.00	尚清洁
3	2.00<P_i ≤3.00	中度污染	1.00<P_m≤2.00	轻度污染
4	P_i >3.00	重度污染	2.00<P_m≤3.00	中度污染
5			P_m>3.00	重度污染

级别	P_i	污染等级	P_m	污染等级
1	P_i ≤1.00	无污染	P_m≤0.70	清洁
2	1.00<P_i ≤2.00	轻度污染	0.70<P_m≤1.00	尚清洁
3	2.00<P_i ≤3.00	中度污染	1.00<P_m≤2.00	轻度污染
4	P_i >3.00	重度污染	2.00<P_m≤3.00	中度污染
5			P_m>3.00	重度污染

级别	I_geo	污染等级
1	I_geo≤0.00	无污染
2	0.00<I_geo≤1.00	轻度污染
3	1.00<I_geo≤2.00	中度污染
4	2.00<I_geo≤3.00	偏重污染
5	3.00<I_geo≤4.00	重度污染
6	I_geo≥4.00	重度污染以上

级别	I_geo	污染等级
1	I_geo≤0.00	无污染
2	0.00<I_geo≤1.00	轻度污染
3	1.00<I_geo≤2.00	中度污染
4	2.00<I_geo≤3.00	偏重污染
5	3.00<I_geo≤4.00	重度污染
6	I_geo≥4.00	重度污染以上

级别	E_i	风险程度	R	风险程度
1	E_i ≤40.0	轻微风险	R≤110	轻微风险
2	40.0<E_i ≤80.0	中等风向	110<R≤220	中等风险
3	80.0<E_i ≤160	重度风险	220<R≤440	重度风险
4	160<E_i ≤320	强烈风险	440<R≤660	强烈风险
5	E_i>320	极强风险	R>660	极强风险

Soil Heavy Metal Enrichment Characteristics, Risk Assessment, and Source Analysis in Redevelopment Areas during Urban Industrial Plots

城市工业地块土壤重金属污染风险评价与源解析

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 14

References 50

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

项目	Cd	Pb	Cu	Ni	Hg	As
上海市土壤背景值/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	0.13	25.50	28.60	31.90	0.10	9.10
毒性系数	30	5	5	5	40	10

重金属	样本量/个	采样深度/m	最大值/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	最小值/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	平均值±标准差/(mg∙kg⁻¹)	变异系数/%	土壤背景值/(mg∙kg⁻¹)
Cd	168	0‒0.50	2.59	0.04	0.28±0.25a	89.2	0.13
	168	0.50‒1.50	0.56	0.02	0.12±0.05b	42.7
	147	≥4.50	0.21	0.06	0.12±0.03b	26.0
Pb	168	0‒0.50	96.60	19.90	40.88±20.76a	50.8	25.50
	168	0.50‒1.50	43.20	14.10	27.25±10.59b	38.9
	147	≥4.50	48.60	10.40	26.62±6.13b	23.0
Cu	168	0‒0.50	404.20	21.00	62.81±44.17a	70.3	28.60
	168	0.50‒1.50	118.00	9.00	32.72±19.65b	60.0
	147	≥4.50	47.00	1.00	26.59±7.31b	27.5
Ni	168	0‒0.50	203.00	ND	64.37±29.25a	53.8	31.90
	168	0.50‒1.50	147.00	ND	39.78±15.23a	38.3
	147	≥4.50	43.97	9.00	29.51±7.55b	28.6
Hg	168	0‒0.50	1.40	0.034	0.13±0.15a	113.5	0.10
	168	0.50‒1.50	0.36	0.02	0.11±0.10b	88.5
	147	≥4.50	0.16	0.02	0.05±0.01b	27.2
As	168	0‒0.50	9.08	5.79	7.77±1.73b	22.2	9.10
	168	0.50‒1.50	7.80	3.54	5.23±0.88b	16.8
	147	≥4.50	5.56	3.20	4.15±0.35b	8.5

项目	平均值	占比/%
项目	平均值	无污染	轻度污染		中度污染		重度污染
P_Cd	1.89	26.92	38.46		26.92		7.69
P_Pb	1.44	3.85	92.30		3.85		0
P_Cu	1.49	34.62	42.31		19.23		3.85
P_Ni	1.48	26.92	38.46		30.77		3.85
P_Hg	1.19	53.85	34.62		11.54		0
P_As	0.85	100	0		0		0
P_m	1.95	清洁	尚清洁	轻度污染		中度污染	重度污染
P_m	1.95	0	7.69	46.15		38.46	7.69

评价指标	潜在生态危害指数 (E_i)						R
评价指标	Cd	Pb	Cu	Ni	Hg	As	R
最大值	97.22	11.69	20.00	20.02	113.48	10.05	272.50
最小值	18.52	4.91	3.64	0	13.40	6.37	50.60
平均值	63.92	7.50	10.98	10.09	52.01	8.49	152.99

重金属元素	主成分矩阵		旋转后主成分矩阵
重金属元素	PC1	PC2	PC1	PC2
Cd	0.637	0.002	0.611	0.181
Pb	−0.003	0.895	−0.254	0.858
Cu	0.866	−0.179	0.881	0.071
Ni	0.753	−0.291	0.804	−0.068
Hg	−0.078	0.742	−0.282	0.690
As	0.737	0.269	0.632	0.465

[1]	HE Yi, QIN Xinxin, ZHANG Xiang, SUN Nan, YANG Yalin, LIAN Junfeng. Heterogeneity of Microplastics Section Distribution: A Case Study of Ganzhou Section of the Ganjiang River [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(4): 626-632.
[2]	JIANG Hao, WU Qitang. Probabilistic Analysis of the Health Risk Screening Errors in a Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Sensitive Site [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(4): 645-654.
[3]	ZHANG Ruidong, Wu Fuqin, LI Kunji, JIN Yanshan, LIU Chengxia, SHEN Shikang. Species Compositions and Distribution Characteristics Analyses of Invasive Alien Plants in the Lakeside of Nine Plateau Lakes in Yunnan Province [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2024, 33(3): 351-361.
[4]	LÜ Jinlin, YUE Ming, MAO Zhuxin, WANG Yuchao. Study on Invasion Status and Risk Assessment of Alien Plants in Qinling Mountains [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(9): 1585-1594.
[5]	CHEN Hongzhan, OU Hui, YE Sihua, ZHANG Qianhua, ZHOU Shujie, MAI Lei. Spatial-temporal Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Microplastics in the Guangzhou Section of the Pearl River [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(9): 1663-1672.
[6]	DONG Zhijin, ZHANG Chengchun, ZHAN Xiuli, ZHANG Weifu. Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrients of Biological Soil Crusts and Their Underlying Soil of Sandy Land in the East of Yellow River in Ningxia [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(5): 910-919.
[7]	CHEN Minyi, ZHU Hanghai, SHE Weiduo, YIN Guangcai, HUANG Zuzhao, YANG Qiaoling. Health Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metals at A Legacy Shipyard Site in Pearl River Delta [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(4): 794-804.
[8]	YOU Haizhou, WANG Chao, ZHAO Guangzhi, LI Dongmei. Distribution Characteristics of Populus euramericana Nocturnal Sap Flow and Its Response to Environmental Factors in North China Plain [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(2): 256-263.
[9]	LI Shuting, HU Guanjiu, LUO Xiaosan. Sources, Spatial-temporal Distribution, and Health Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in the Atmospheric Environment: A Review [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(12): 2103-2114.
[10]	HUANG Guofeng, HE Bin, XIE Zhiyi, LIU Jun, WANG Anhou, LIAO Tong, WANG Bojin, HAO Beibei. Impact of Agricultural Pollution on Water Environment and Its Spatial Differentiation pattern in Guangdong Province [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(12): 2207-2215.
[11]	HE Wenxuan, LI Lei, SUN Siyu, LI Chang, LI Jiuyi, TIAN Xiujun. Distribution Characteristics of Microplastics in Water, Sediment and Fish in Beiyun River [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(11): 1901-1912.
[12]	LI Wenjing, HUANG Yuequn, HUANG Liangliang, LI Xiangtong, SU Qiongyuan, SUN Yangyan. Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Beibu Gulf Marine Fish [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(11): 1913-1921.
[13]	HAN Qian, ZHANG Yujiao, LAI Chengyue, YANG Luyao, MENG Xu. Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Tetracycline and Quinolone Antibiotics in Rivers of Chengdu [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(11): 1922-1932.
[14]	XU Ming, ZHANG Fuying, SUN Lulu, ZHOU Zengxing, LIN Chaoba, ZHU Xuezhu. Pollution Characteristics, Source Analysis and Correlation of Biological Factors of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils of Industrial Areas in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(11): 1952-1963.
[15]	XIAO Jieyun, ZHOU Wei, SHI Peiqi. Hyperspectral Inversion of Soil Heavy Metals [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(1): 175-182.