Estimation of Carbon Loss and Carbon Emissions Caused by Prescribed Burning in Pinus yunnanensis Forest

doi:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.08.003

Ecology and Environment ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 1376-1383.DOI: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.08.003

• Research Article [Ecology] • Previous Articles Next Articles

Estimation of Carbon Loss and Carbon Emissions Caused by Prescribed Burning in Pinus yunnanensis Forest

SONG Denghui(), FU Di, LI Jianqiang(), FU Yishan, XING Xuexia, TIAN Yuan

College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P. R. China

Received:2023-03-03 Online:2023-08-18 Published:2023-11-08
Contact: LI Jianqiang

云南松林计划烧除地表碳损失量及碳排放量估算

宋灯辉(), 付迪, 黎建强(), 付钇珊, 邢学霞, 田原

西南林业大学生态与环境学院，云南昆明 650224

通讯作者: 黎建强
作者简介:宋灯辉（1990年生），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为水土保持与荒漠化防治。E-mail: 438793140@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32060345);国家自然科学基金项目(31660146);云南省科技重大专项计划(202102AE090042-03);昆明市科技“揭榜挂帅制”项目(2021-J-H-002-02);云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才专项(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0205)

Abstract

Abstract:

Prescribed burning is one of the main strategies in forest management for fire prevention, and it also has a profound impact on the carbon cycle and carbon allocation in forest ecosystem. It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the reduction of fuel load and carbon storage in the forest floor, and accurately estimate the total carbon and carbonaceous gases emissions during prescribed burning for the quantitative evaluation of the effects of prescribed burning on the Pinus yunnanensis forest that serves as a carbon source sink. Taking Pinus yunnanensis forest as the research object, this study analyzed the effects of prescribed burning on fuel load and carbon storage in the forest floor by investigating the fuel load of shrubs and herbs, litters and duff and measuring the carbon content, and then the emissions of total carbon and carbonaceous gases during prescribed burning were estimated by investigating the combustion efficiency and determining carbonaceous gases emission factors. The results showed that 1) the fuel load and carbon storage in forest floor were significantly decreased by prescribed burning. The fuel load and carbon storage in forest floor with prescribed burning were decreased by 62.5% and 60.9%, respectively, compared with that without prescribed burning; 2) the total carbon emission during prescribed burning in Pinus yunnanensis forest was 0.24 t?hm^-2, and carbon emission of litters contributed, on average, 63.5% to the total carbon emission; 3) the total carbonaceous gases emissions during prescribed burning reached 773 kg?hm^-2, and carbonaceous gases emissions for CO₂, CO, CH₄, and NMHC were 723 kg?hm^-2, 47.1 kg?hm^-2, 1.90 kg?hm^-2 and 1.41 kg?hm^-2, respectively. The results implied that the prescribed burning is efficient in fuel load reduction and has significantly lowered carbon emissions compared to forest fires.

Key words: Pinus yunnanensis forest, prescribed burning, fuel load, carbon storage, carbon emission, emission factor

摘要：

计划烧除作为一项重要的营林措施，是科学预防森林火灾的重要手段，同时也对森林生态系统碳循环过程与碳分配产生着深刻的影响。科学有效地评估计划烧除对云南松（Pinus yunnanensis）林地可燃物载量及碳储量的影响，准确估算计划烧除地表碳损失量和含碳气体的排放量，对于定量评估计划烧除对云南松林碳源/汇的影响具有重要意义。以云南松林为研究对象，通过对草灌层、枯落物层及土壤有机质层可燃物载量的调查和含碳率的测定，对计划烧除对地表可燃物载量和碳储量的影响进行了研究，并在此基础上通过对计划烧除燃烧效率、含碳气体排放因子的测定，对计划烧除过程中总碳和含碳气体的排放量进行了估算。研究结果表明，1）实施计划烧除能有效减少地表可燃物载量，实施计划烧除林地总可燃物载量比未实施计划烧除林地减少了62.5%；计划烧除显著减少了林地地表碳储量，实施计划烧除的林地地表碳储量比未实施计划烧除林地减少了60.9%。2）云南松林计划烧除过程中碳排放量总和为0.24 t?hm^-2，以枯落物层燃烧过程中碳排放量最高，占总碳排放量的63.5%。3）云南松林计划烧除过程中主要含碳气体排放量总量为773 kg?hm^-2，其中CO₂、CO、CH₄和NMHC排放总量分别为723、47.1、1.90、和1.41 kg?hm^-2。计划烧除能够有效减少地表可燃物载量，总碳排放量和含碳气体排放量显著小于森林火灾，是一种以小规模泄漏代替重特大森林火灾造成大量碳排放的森林管理模式。

关键词: 云南松林, 计划烧除, 可燃物载量, 碳储量, 碳排放, 排放因子

CLC Number:

S718.5
X16

SONG Denghui, FU Di, LI Jianqiang, FU Yishan, XING Xuexia, TIAN Yuan. Estimation of Carbon Loss and Carbon Emissions Caused by Prescribed Burning in Pinus yunnanensis Forest[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(8): 1376-1383.

宋灯辉, 付迪, 黎建强, 付钇珊, 邢学霞, 田原. 云南松林计划烧除地表碳损失量及碳排放量估算[J]. 生态环境学报, 2023, 32(8): 1376-1383.

Figures/Tables 8

References 47

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组分	可燃物载量/(t∙hm^-2)
组分	未烧除林地 UB	计划烧除林地 BP
草灌层	4.32±0.64Ac	2.27±0.38Bb
枯落物层	15.9±0.84Ab	7.18±1.13Ba
土壤有机质层	21.2±3.63Aa	6.10±1.49Ba
总和	41.4±4.85A	15.6±2.93B

组分	可燃物载量/(t∙hm^-2)
组分	未烧除林地 UB	计划烧除林地 BP
草灌层	4.32±0.64Ac	2.27±0.38Bb
枯落物层	15.9±0.84Ab	7.18±1.13Ba
土壤有机质层	21.2±3.63Aa	6.10±1.49Ba
总和	41.4±4.85A	15.6±2.93B

组分	可燃物含碳率/%
组分	未烧除林地 UB	计划烧除林地 BP
草灌层	51.4±2.4Aa	51.1±1.1Aa
枯落物层	49.7±0.6Ab	49.4±0.9Ab
土壤有机质层	44.1±1.4Ac	47.6±5.0Bc

组分	可燃物含碳率/%
组分	未烧除林地 UB	计划烧除林地 BP
草灌层	51.4±2.4Aa	51.1±1.1Aa
枯落物层	49.7±0.6Ab	49.4±0.9Ab
土壤有机质层	44.1±1.4Ac	47.6±5.0Bc

组分	可燃物载量/ (t∙hm^-2)	燃烧剩余量/ (t∙hm^-2)	烧损量/ (t∙hm^-2)	燃烧效率/ %
草灌层	2.27±0.38c	0.99±0.33c	1.28±0.07b	56.4±8.1a
枯落物层	7.18±1.13a	4.23±0.72b	2.95±1.18a	41.1±10.1b
土壤有机质层	6.1±1.49b	5.71±1.57a	0.39±0.25c	6.39±4.5c
总和/平均	15.6±2.93	10.4±2.29	4.62±1.17	34.6±9.3

Estimation of Carbon Loss and Carbon Emissions Caused by Prescribed Burning in Pinus yunnanensis Forest

云南松林计划烧除地表碳损失量及碳排放量估算

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组分	含碳气体类型	排放因子(以C计)/ (g∙kg^-1)	含碳气体排放量/ (kg∙hm^-2)
草灌层	CO₂	3.36×10³	220
	CO	177	11.5
	CH₄	9.40	0.61
	NMHC	6.80	0.44
枯落物层	CO₂	3.02×10³	439
	CO	216	31.5
	CH₄	7.50	1.09
	NMHC	5.90	0.86
土壤有机质层	CO₂	3.43×10³	63.6
	CO	219	4.07
	CH₄	10.6	0.20
	NMHC	5.60	0.10

[1]	YAN Juping, WANG Xiaoping, GONG Ping, GAO Shaopeng. The Emission Characteristic of Carbonaceous Aerosols from Primary Sources in Nepal [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(8): 1449-1456.
[2]	YAN Xuejun, HAO Saimei, ZHANG Rongrong, QIN Hua, GAO Sulian, WANG Feng, JIN Xianzhong, SUN Youmin, ZHANG Guiqin. Composition Spectrum and Emission Estimation of VOCs from Furniture Malls [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(6): 1070-1077.
[3]	WANG Jiayi, SUN Tingting, SHA Runyu, CHEN Tinghong, XING Ran, QIN Boqiang, SHI Wenqing. Study on the Synergic Effect of Algae Salvage on Pollution Control and Carbon Emission Reduction in Eutrophic Lakes [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(6): 1108-1114.
[4]	ZHANG Lu, HE Yufei, CHEN Tan, YANG Ting, ZHANG Bing, JIN Jun. The Spatial and Temporal Pattern Evolution of Carbon Footprint of Farmland Ecosystem in Fenwei Plain from 2011 to 2020 [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(6): 1149-1162.
[5]	LI Yushi, XIA Zhiye, ZHANG Lei. Carbon Emission Prediction and Spatial Optimization of Land Use in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle in 2030 Based on SSPs Multi-scenarios [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(3): 535-544.
[6]	WANG Chengwu, LUO Junjie, TANG Honghu. Analysis on the Driving Force of Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Carbon Storage in the Taihang Mountains Based on InVEST Model [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(2): 215-225.
[7]	CHEN Zhizhong, ZAN Mei, YANG Xuefeng, DONG Yu. Prediction of Forest Vegetation Carbon Storage in Xinjiang [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2023, 32(2): 226-234.
[8]	CHEN Keyi, WANG Jianjun, HE Youjun, ZHANG Liwen. Estimations of Forest Carbon Storage and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Key State-Owned Forest Region in Daxing’anling, Heilongjiang Province [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(9): 1725-1734.
[9]	WU Shengyi, WANG Fei, XU Ganjun, MA Hao, DANG Yujie, WU Fei. Study on Forest Carbon Storage and Spatial Distribution in the Alpine Gorge Region of Northwest Sichuan: Take Sichuan Luoxu Nature Reserve as An Example [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(9): 1735-1744.
[10]	QIN Yanpei, XU Shaojun, TIAN Yaowu. The Spatial Differentiation of Vegetation and Soil Carbon Density in Henan Section of the Yellow River Basin [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(9): 1745-1753.
[11]	DU Xue, WANG Haiyan, ZOU Jiahe, MENG Hai, ZHAO Han, CUI Xue, DONG Qiqi. Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Organic Carbon in Spruce-fir broad-leaved Mixed Forest on North Slope of Changbai Mountains [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2022, 31(4): 663-669.
[12]	ZHANG Guilian. Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Carbon Storage of Urban Forests in Shanghai Based on Remote Sensing Estimation [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2021, 30(9): 1777-1786.